scholarly journals Association of Phthalate Exposure with Thyroid Function and Thyroid Homeostasis Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
JingSi Chen ◽  
Ningjian Wang ◽  
Chi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Thyroid Autoantibody ◽  
Phthalate Metabolites ◽  
Treatment Status

Aims. Phthalates, which are recognized environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals, are associated with thyroid hormone disruption. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of phthalate metabolites with thyroid function and thyroid homeostasis parameters in type 2 diabetes and to explore whether thyroid autoimmunity status and metformin, the most common antidiabetic drug, may influence such associations. Methods. Concurrent urine and blood samples were collected from 639 participants with type 2 diabetes in the METAL (Environmental Pollutant Exposure and Metabolic Diseases in Shanghai) study. We measured urinary concentrations of thirteen phthalate metabolites along with serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total T4 and T3, free T4 (FT4) and T3 (FT3), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb). Four parameters of thyroid homeostasis, including the sum activity of step-up deiodinases (SPINA-GD), thyroid secretory capacity (SPINA-GT), Jostel’s TSH index (TSHI), and thyrotroph thyroid hormone resistance index (TTSI), were also calculated. Results. Among all participants, after full adjustment, multivariable regression analysis showed that some urine phthalate metabolites were negatively associated with TSH, TSHI, and TTSI levels and positively associated with FT3, T3, SPINA-GD, and SPINA-GT levels. None of the urine phthalate metabolites exhibited a significant association with thyroid autoimmunity. The associations of phthalate metabolites with thyroid function and thyroid homeostasis parameters differed based on thyroid autoantibody and metformin treatment status. Conclusions. Urinary phthalate metabolites may be associated with thyroid function and thyroid homeostasis parameters among participants with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, our present study suggested that thyroid autoantibody status and metformin treatment status are potential mediators of such associations.

scholarly journals SAT-440 Phthalates Expose and Thyroid Parameters in Euthyroid Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Sex Specific Associations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Chi Chen ◽  
Jingsi Chen ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Yuying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Phthalate Metabolites ◽  
Negatively Associated

Abstract Phthalates are ubiquitous in different environmental exposure media around the world. Recent years, issues on the relationships of phthalates and endocrine disorders raise attention. Evidence of thyroid disruption as a result of phthalates expose among euthyroid participants with diabetes is very limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between phthalate and thyroid function, and to explore whether thyroid autoimmunity mediated this association. Concurrent urine and blood samples were collected from 538 participant in METAL study. We measured urinary concentrations of ten phthalate metabolites (urinary creatinine adjusted), along with serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb). Euthyroidism was defined as TSH within normal range. After adjusting for age, sex (only with the entire sample), BMI and smoking status, linear regression analyses showed exactly opposite directional results among men and women. TSH levels were negatively associated with mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentylphthalate (MECPP), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexylphthalate (MEHHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexylphthalate (MEOHP), mono-2-carboxymethyl-hexyl phthalate (MCMHP) and sum of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHPm) in men, but positively associated with monoisobutylphthalate (MiBP) and mono-n-butylphthalate (MnBP) in women. Meanwhile, FT4 was positively associated with mono-2-ethylhexylphthalate percentage (%MEHP) in men, but negatively associated with MnBP, MEOHP and MCMHP in women. Further, in women, TPOAb was increasing along with the increased level of MEHP and %MEHP. In the mediation analysis, TPOAb demonstrated a mediating effect whereby MEHP or %MEHP had a positive effect on TSH and a negative effect on FT4 only in women (all P<0.05). We got a conclusion that among euthyroid participants with diabetes, urinary phthalate metabolites maybe associated with altered TSH, FT4 and TPOAb levels in different direction in men and women. Further, our present study maybe the first to suggest that TPOAb might be a potential mediator of the association between phthalate metabolites and thyroid function in women.

scholarly journals Association between thyroid dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Rong ◽  
Hongji Dai ◽  
Yuwan Wu ◽  
Jibin Li ◽  
Guoping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease are two areas of broad interest in the field of endocrinology and metabolism. Variation of thyroid hormone concentration, even within the normal range, may portend the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially among those with prediabetes. However, current evidence is mixed. Methods Prospective studies which assessed diabetes incidence were identified using a database search of MEDLINE and Embase through May 1, 2021. The Sidik-Jonkman random-effects model and cubic spline model were used to evaluate the associations and dose-response relationships between thyroid function/hormone levels and risk of T2DM and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among T2DM patients. Results A total of 12 prospective studies were included. We found that high baseline TSH levels were related to a 17% higher risk of T2DM (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01, 1.36; I2=78%, P<0.01), compared with normal TSH levels. Low FT3 (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.09, 1.80; I2=59%, P=0.03) and low FT4 (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04, 1.71; I2=62%, P=0.02) levels were significantly associated with risk of T2DM. The cubic spline model indicated a J-shaped relationship with TSH, but inverted-J-shaped relationships with FT3 and FT4. CVD events and all-cause deaths were prospectively evaluated in four studies, but were not associated with abnormal thyroid function. Conclusions Our meta-analysis determined that abnormal thyroid hormone level is associated with an increased risk of T2DM, showing a J-shaped relationship with TSH and inverted-J-shaped relationships with FT3 and FT4. Trial registration Registered number in PROSPERO: CRD42021225695.

scholarly journals Assessment of the simultaneous effect of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity with gestational diabetes on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam zahedi ◽  
Elham Kazemian ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Maryam tohidi ◽  
Fereidoun azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction: Despite the evidence available on the adverse impact of gestational diabetes (GDM) and thyroid disorders on developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the concurrent influence of these disorders on the incidence of T2DM has not been reported yet. Methods: In this prospective study, 1894 non-diabetic women aged 20 to 60 years, with a history of at least one term delivery, without diagnosed hyperthyroidism were selected at the initiation of the Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS). Pooled logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association of GDM, thyroid disorders i.e., hypothyroidism and/or thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the risk of incident T2DM. Results: Of the 1894 participants of the present study, 346 (18.3%) had a history of GDM, and 832 (43.9%) had thyroid disorders. The total cumulative incidence rate of T2DM at the median follow-up time of ~ 12 years was overall 12/1000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 10/1000–13/1000), with an incidence rate of 16/1000 (95%CI: 13/1000–20/1000) in women with GDM; and 11/100,000 (95%CI: 9/100,000–12/1000) among those without GDM. After adjustment for age, the risk of incident T2DM increased among individuals with the previous GDM compared to women without a history of GDM (odds ratio (OR): 1.54, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.25). No significant associations were found between either thyroid disorders or the interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the development of T2DM; (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 0.82, 1.58) and (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.66, 2.43), respectively.Conclusion: GDM and thyroid disorders have no concurrent impacts on the incidence of T2DM.

scholarly journals Assessment of the simultaneous effect of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity with gestational diabetes on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam zahedi ◽  
Elham Kazemian ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Maryam tohidi ◽  
Fereidoun azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction: Despite the evidence available on the adverse effects of gestational diabetes (GDM) and thyroid disorders on developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the concurrent effect of these disorders on the incidence of T2DM has not been reported yet. Methods: At the initiation of the Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS) non-diabetic women aged 20 to 60 years, with a history of at least one term delivery, who met the inclusion criteria (n=1894) were selected. Pooled logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association of GDM, thyroid disorders i.e. hypothyroidism (clinical or subclinical) and/or thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the risk of incident T2DM. Results: Of the 1894 participants of the present study, 346 (18.3%) had a history of GDM, and 832 (43.9%) had thyroid disorders. The total cumulative incidence rate of T2DM at the median follow-up time of ~ 12 years was overall 12/1000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 10/1000–13/1000), with an incidence rate of 16/1000 (95%CI: 13/1000–20/1000) in women with GDM; and 11/100,000 (95%CI: 9/100,000–12/1000) among those without GDM. After adjustment for age, the risk of incident T2DM increased among individuals with the previous GDM compared to women without a history of GDM (odds ratio (OR): 1.54, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.25). No significant associations were found between either thyroid disorders or the interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the development of T2DM; (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 0.82, 1.58) and (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.66, 2.43), respectively.Conclusion: GDM and thyroid disorders have no concurrent effects on the incidence of T2DM.

scholarly journals Assessment of the simultaneous effect of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity with gestational diabetes on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zahedi ◽  
Elham Kazemian ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani-Tehrani ◽  
Maryam Tohidi ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction Despite the evidence available on the adverse impact of gestational diabetes (GDM) and thyroid disorders on developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the concurrent influence of these disorders on the incidence of T2DM has not been reported yet. Methods In this prospective study, 1894 non-diabetic women aged 20 to 60 years, with a history of at least one term delivery, without diagnosed hyperthyroidism were selected at the initiation of the Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS). Pooled logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association of GDM, thyroid disorders i.e., hypothyroidism and/or thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the risk of incident T2DM. Results Of the 1894 participants of the present study, 346 (18.3%) had a history of GDM, and 832 (43.9%) had thyroid disorders. The total cumulative incidence rate of T2DM at the median follow-up time of ~ 12 years was overall 12/1000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 10/1000–13/1000), with an incidence rate of 16/1000 (95%CI: 13/1000–20/1000) in women with GDM; and 11/100,000 (95%CI: 9/100,000–12/1000) among those without GDM. After adjustment for age, the risk of incident T2DM increased among individuals with the previous GDM compared to women without a history of GDM (odds ratio (OR): 1.54, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.25). No significant associations were found between either thyroid disorders or the interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the development of T2DM; (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 0.82, 1.58) and (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.66, 2.43), respectively. Conclusion GDM and thyroid disorders have no concurrent impacts on the incidence of T2DM.

scholarly journals Assessment of the simultaneous effect of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity with gestational diabetes on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam zahedi ◽  
Elham Kazemian ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Maryam tohidi ◽  
Fereidoun azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction: Despite the evidence available on the adverse impact of gestational diabetes (GDM) and thyroid disorders on developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the concurrent influence of these disorders on the incidence of T2DM has not been reported yet. Methods: In this prospective study, 1894 non-diabetic women aged 20 to 60 years, with a history of at least one term delivery, without diagnosed hyperthyroidism were selected at the initiation of the Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS). Pooled logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association of GDM, thyroid disorders i.e., hypothyroidism and/or thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the risk of incident T2DM. Results: Of the 1894 participants of the present study, 346 (18.3%) had a history of GDM, and 832 (43.9%) had thyroid disorders. The total cumulative incidence rate of T2DM at the median follow-up time of ~ 12 years was overall 12/1000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 10/1000–13/1000), with an incidence rate of 16/1000 (95%CI: 13/1000–20/1000) in women with GDM; and 11/100,000 (95%CI: 9/100,000–12/1000) among those without GDM. After adjustment for age, the risk of incident T2DM increased among individuals with previous GDM compared to women without a history of GDM (odds ratio (OR): 1.54, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.25). No significant associations were found between either thyroid disorders or the interaction between GDM and thyroid disorders with the development of T2DM; (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 0.82, 1.58) and (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.66, 2.43), respectively. Conclusion: GDM and thyroid disorders have no concurrent impacts on the incidence of T2DM.

scholarly journals Thyroid autoimmunity among type 2 diabetes mellitus: assessing anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-723
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar Sah ◽  
Saurabh Kumar Deo ◽  
Harpreet Kaur Walia ◽  
Alka Singh ◽  
Suvarna Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Serum Tsh

Introduction and Aim: Thyroid disorder, the most abundant endocrine disorder in the globe ranks second after diabetes mellitus. Because of immune resistance to thyroid gland, it leads to the development of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO) - a critical enzyme in the thyroid hormone biogenesis is responsible for thyroid autoimmunity and is increasingly found among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). So, the present study was designed to assess the serum anti-TPO antibodies among type 2 diabetes mellitus in hospital setting.   Materials and Methods: 100 clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus was included with 50 age and sex matched apparently healthy controls in the age range 35-70 years. Mean age (in Years) of male and female T2DM cases had 57.40±5.93 and 55.96±7.39 respectively. Also, the male and female controls had mean age as 56.24±8.74 and 54.20±8.90 respectively.   Results: The mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value among T2DM male and female cases was found to be 8.53±2.02% and 8.66±1.90% respectively. The mean value of serum TSH was found to be highly significant statistically among T2DM as compared to healthy controls, whereas mean value of serum anti-TPO antibodies was significant statistically among T2DM as compared to healthy controls. The occurrence of anti-TPO antibodies among T2DM was found to be 13 out of 100 (13%) in the present study.   Conclusion: The association between serum TSH and anti-TPO antibodies among T2DM patients was found to be highly significant statistically. Thus, the existence of higher anti-TPO antibodies among T2DM points out the future development of functional thyroid problem in such patients.

Evaluation of thyroid function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Tejas Rane ◽  
◽  
Sanjay Thorat ◽  
Akshay Kulkarni ◽  
Aniket Avhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Function

scholarly journals Evolution of thyroid autoimmunity during iodine prophylaxis--the Sri Lankan experience

2003 ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mazziotti ◽  
LD Premawardhana ◽  
AB Parkes ◽  
H Adams ◽  
PP Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Thyroid Autoantibody ◽  
Iodine Prophylaxis ◽  
Goitre Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To study the evolution of thyroid autoimmunity, in relation to the change in goitre prevalence, during 3 Years of iodine prophylaxis in Sri Lanka. METHODS: Two groups of Sri Lankan schoolgirls between the ages of 10.8 and 17.5 Years were studied in 1998 (401 girls) and 2001 (282 girls). A prospective study was performed in 42 schoolgirls who were thyroid autoantibody (Ab)-positive (+ve) in 1998. Anthropometric measures, urinary iodine excretion (UIE), thyroid Volume, free thyroxine, free tri-iodothyronine, TSH, and thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) Ab were evaluated in all 683 girls. RESULTS: Goitre prevalence was significantly lower in 2001 compared with 1998 related to age (2.9% compared with 20.2%) and body surface area (11.6% compared with 40.8%), although UIE was unchanged. Prevalence of thyroid Ab in 2001 was also lower (23.4% compared with 49.9%); among those with the Ab, 34.8% had TgAb alone and 46.9% had a combination of TgAb+TPOAb, compared with 82.0% TgAb alone in 1998. In 2001, subclinical hypothyroidism was more frequent in Ab+ve (6.3%) than Ab-negative girls (1.0%). A cohort of 42 Ab+ve schoolgirls in 1998 (34 with TgAb alone, eight with TgAb+TPOAb) were evaluated again in 2001. Only 10 of them (23.8%) remained Ab+ve (mostly TPOAb+/-TgAb) in 2001. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that: (1) in 2001, goitre prevalence and thyroid autoimmunity rates were significantly lower than in 1998; (2) the pattern of thyroid Ab was different in the two surveys; (3) in 2001 alone, the occurrence of hypothyroidism was correlated with the presence of thyroid autoimmunity. These results indicate an evolution of thyroid autoimmune markers during the course of iodine prophylaxis, which has not been described before.

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