scholarly journals The Combination of Pairwise and Group Interactions Promotes Consensus in Opinion Dynamics

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Liu ◽  
Changwei Huang ◽  
Haihong Li ◽  
Qionglin Dai ◽  
Junzhong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Complete Graph ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Pairwise Interaction ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Bounded Confidence

In complex systems, agents often interact with others in two distinct types of interactions, pairwise interaction and group interaction. The Deffuant–Weisbuch model adopting pairwise interaction and the Hegselmann–Krause model adopting group interaction are the two most widely studied opinion dynamics. In this study, we propose a novel opinion dynamics by combining pairwise and group interactions for agents and study the effects of the combination on consensus in the population. In the model, we introduce a parameter α to control the weights of the two interactions in the dynamics. Through numerical simulations, we find that there exists an optimal α , which can lead to a highest probability of complete consensus and minimum critical bounded confidence for the formation of consensus. Furthermore, we show the effects of α on opinion formation by presenting the observations for opinion clusters. Moreover, we check the robustness of the results on different network structures and find the promotion of opinion consensus by α not limited to a complete graph.

scholarly journals OPINION FORMATION MODELS BASED ON GAME THEORY

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (09) ◽  
pp. 1377-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRO DI MARE ◽  
VITO LATORA
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Strategic Game ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Bounded Confidence ◽  
Formation Dynamics ◽  
Bounded Confidence Model

A way to simulate the basic interactions between two individuals with different opinions, in the context of strategic game theory, is proposed. Various games are considered, which produce different kinds of opinion formation dynamics. First, by assuming that all individuals (players) are equals, we obtain the bounded confidence model of continuous opinion dynamics proposed by Deffuant et al. In such a model a tolerance threshold is defined, such that individuals with difference in opinion larger than the threshold can not interact. Then, we consider that the individuals have different inclinations to change opinion and different abilities in convincing the others. In this way, we obtain the so-called "Stubborn individuals and Orators" (SO) model, a generalization of the Deffuant et al. model, in which the threshold tolerance is different for every couple of individuals. We explore, by numerical simulations, the dynamics of the SO model, and we propose further generalizations that can be implemented.

BOUNDED CONFIDENCE MODEL IN COMPLEX NETWORKS

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1350049 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. FELIJAKOWSKI ◽  
R. KOSINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Complex Networks ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Hierarchical Network ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Spreading Process ◽  
Bounded Confidence ◽  
Initial Source ◽  
Bounded Confidence Model

This paper presents a study of the bounded confidence model applied to the complex networks. Two different cases were examined: opinion formation process in the Barabási–Albert network and corruption spreading in a hierarchical network. For both cases, the value of the bounded confidence parameter ε was assumed as a constant, or its value was dependent on the degree of a node in the network. To measure the opinion formation and corruption spreading processes, we introduced the order parameter related to the number of interfaces in the system. As a results of numerical simulations, the influence of the values of ε on the final opinions in the population, as well as, the influence of an initial source of corruption in the company structure on the corruption spreading process, were obtained and discussed.

Measuring the role of two competing groups of informed agents in opinion formation

SIMULATION ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 753-766
Author(s):  
Kamal S Selim ◽  
Ahmed E Okasha ◽  
Fatma R Farag
Keyword(s):  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Bounded Confidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bounded Confidence Model

For politicians, to promote intended messages to different groups of individuals, they could employ strategic individuals called “informed agents.” The aim of this article is to explore and measure the impact of two competing groups of informed agents on opinion dynamics within a society exposed to two extreme opinions. Thus, an agent-based model is developed as an extension to the bounded confidence model by assuming the existence of two groups of informed agents. The impact of these agents with respect to their social characteristics, such as, their size in the society, how tolerant they are, their self-weight and attitudes about others’ opinions is explored. Different assumptions about the initial opinion distributions and their effect are also investigated. Due to the difficulty of observing a real society, social simulation experiments are constructed based on artificial societies.The simulations conducted resulted in some interesting findings. With no dominating group of the two informed agents, the society will be ended up concentrated around a moderate position. On the other hand, with significant difference between the two group sizes, the larger group will polarize the population towards its opinion. However, this conclusion will not apply if the population is skewed towards the other opinion. In such case, the larger group will only succeed to turn some of the society to be more moderate. In a society skewed towards extreme opinion, dominant informed agents adopting the other extreme will not be able to shift the society towards their opinion. Finally, in radical societies informed agents could turn most of the society to be extremists.

Aberrant Sensorimotor Integration in Musicians' Cramp Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa K. Lim ◽  
John L. Bradshaw ◽  
Michael E.R. Nicholls ◽  
Ian J. Kirk ◽  
Jeff P. Hamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Sensorimotor Integration ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Focal Dystonia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Group Interactions

AbstractSimple tapping and complex movements (Luria finger apposition task) were performed unimanually and bimanually by two groups of professional guitarists while EEG was recorded from electrodes over the sensorimotor cortex. One group had a task-specific movement disorder (focal dystonia or musicians' cramp), while the other group did not (controls). There were no significant group interactions in the task-related power (TRPow) within the alpha range of 8-10Hz (mu1). In contrast, there was a significant group interaction within the alpha range of 10-12Hz (mu2); these latter frequencies are associated with task-specific sensorimotor integration. The significant group interaction included task (simple and complex) by hand (left, right, and both) by electrodes (10 electrodes over the sensorimotor areas). In the rest conditions, the alpha power (10-12Hz) was comparable between the groups; during movement, however, compared to the controls, patients demonstrated the greatest TRPow (10-12Hz) over all conditions. This was particularly evident when patients used their affected hand and suggests that patients with musicians' cramp have impaired task-specific sensorimotor integration.

Opinion Dynamics Optimization by Varying Susceptibility to Persuasion via Non-Convex Local Search

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Rediet Abebe ◽  
T.-H. HUBERT Chan ◽  
Jon Kleinberg ◽  
Zhibin Liang ◽  
David Parkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Search ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Global Optimum ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Long Line

A long line of work in social psychology has studied variations in people’s susceptibility to persuasion—the extent to which they are willing to modify their opinions on a topic. This body of literature suggests an interesting perspective on theoretical models of opinion formation by interacting parties in a network: in addition to considering interventions that directly modify people’s intrinsic opinions, it is also natural to consider interventions that modify people’s susceptibility to persuasion. In this work, motivated by this fact, we propose an influence optimization problem. Specifically, we adopt a popular model for social opinion dynamics, where each agent has some fixed innate opinion, and a resistance that measures the importance it places on its innate opinion; agents influence one another’s opinions through an iterative process. Under certain conditions, this iterative process converges to some equilibrium opinion vector. For the unbudgeted variant of the problem, the goal is to modify the resistance of any number of agents (within some given range) such that the sum of the equilibrium opinions is minimized; for the budgeted variant, in addition the algorithm is given upfront a restriction on the number of agents whose resistance may be modified. We prove that the objective function is in general non-convex. Hence, formulating the problem as a convex program as in an early version of this work (Abebe et al., KDD’18) might have potential correctness issues. We instead analyze the structure of the objective function, and show that any local optimum is also a global optimum, which is somehow surprising as the objective function might not be convex. Furthermore, we combine the iterative process and the local search paradigm to design very efficient algorithms that can solve the unbudgeted variant of the problem optimally on large-scale graphs containing millions of nodes. Finally, we propose and evaluate experimentally a family of heuristics for the budgeted variant of the problem.

scholarly journals Practical consensus in bounded confidence opinion dynamics

Automatica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 109683
Author(s):  
Francesco Vasca ◽  
Carmela Bernardo ◽  
Raffaele Iervolino
Keyword(s):  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Bounded Confidence

PHYSICS OF THE MIND: OPINION DYNAMICS AND DECISION MAKING PROCESSES BASED ON A BINARY NETWORK MODEL

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (25n26) ◽  
pp. 4482-4494 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. KUSMARTSEV ◽  
KARL E. KÜRTEN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Natural Catastrophes ◽  
Risk Condition ◽  
Binary Network

We propose a new theory of the human mind. The formation of human mind is considered as a collective process of the mutual interaction of people via exchange of opinions and formation of collective decisions. We investigate the associated dynamical processes of the decision making when people are put in different conditions including risk situations in natural catastrophes when the decision must be made very fast or at national elections. We also investigate conditions at which the fast formation of opinion is arising as a result of open discussions or public vote. Under a risk condition the system is very close to chaos and therefore the opinion formation is related to the order disorder transition. We study dramatic changes which may happen with societies which in physical terms may be considered as phase transitions from ordered to chaotic behavior. Our results are applicable to changes which are arising in various social networks as well as in opinion formation arising as a result of open discussions. One focus of this study is the determination of critical parameters, which influence a formation of stable mind, public opinion and where the society is placed “at the edge of chaos”. We show that social networks have both, the necessary stability and the potential for evolutionary improvements or self-destruction. We also show that the time needed for a discussion to take a proper decision depends crucially on the nature of the interactions between the entities as well as on the topology of the social networks.

scholarly journals ON THE CONSENSUS THRESHOLD FOR THE OPINION DYNAMICS OF KRAUSE–HEGSELMANN

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANTO FORTUNATO
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Complete Graph ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Consensus Model ◽  
Confidence Bound ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Numerical Evidence ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

In the consensus model of Krause–Hegselmann, opinions are real numbers between 0 and 1, and two agents are compatible if the difference of their opinions is smaller than the confidence bound parameter ∊. A randomly chosen agent takes the average of the opinions of all neighboring agents which are compatible with it. We propose a conjecture, based on numerical evidence, on the value of the consensus threshold ∊c of this model. We claim that ∊c can take only two possible values, depending on the behavior of the average degree d of the graph representing the social relationships, when the population N approaches infinity: if d diverges when N→∞, ∊c equals the consensus threshold ∊i~0.2 on the complete graph; if instead d stays finite when N→∞, ∊c =1/2 as for the model of Deffuant et al.

scholarly journals Effects of Cool-Down Exercise and Cold-Water Immersion Ther-apy on Basic Fitness and Sport-Specific Skills among Korean College Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Hyung Lee ◽  
Jin-Ho Yoon ◽  
Ki-Jae Song ◽  
Jae-Keun Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Specific Skill

Background: We aimed to examine the effects of cool-down exercise and cold-water immersion therapy on agility, speed, power, balance, and sport-specific skill performance in college soccer players, and to provide baseline data for the development of effective recovery programs. Methods: In August 2020, 21 male college soccer players in Seoul, Korea, were randomly divided into the following groups: control group (CG, n=7), cool-down exercise group (CDG, n=7), and cool-down exercise plus cold-water immersion group (CDCWG, n=7). Agility, speed, power, balance, and sport-specific skill performance were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: No significant differences in Southeast Missouri (SEMO) Agility Test, 20-m sprint test, vertical jump test, or Y-balance test (right) were observed among the groups; however, there was a significant effect of time (P<0.05) and a significant time × group interaction (P<0.05). Significant effects of time (P<0.001), group (P=0.043), and a time × group interaction (P=0.009) were observed in the Y-balance test (left). There were no between-group differences in the 22-m dribble test, shooting test (left), or shooting test (right); however, there were significant effects of time (P<0.05) and significant time × group interactions (P<0.05). No significant effects of group or time × group interactions were observed for the kicking test (left or right); however, there were significant effects of time (P<0.001). Conclusion: Addition of cold-water immersion therapy to a recovery program including cool-down exercise can promote recovery of basic and sport-specific abilities among college soccer players.

Multi-state voter model on weighted social networks with committed agents

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 1450022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saijun Chen ◽  
Haibo Hu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Zhigao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Voter Model ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Topological Structures ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dynamics Models

There exist scaling correlations between the edge weights and the nodes' degrees in weighted social networks. Based on the empirical findings, we study a multi-state voter model on weighted social networks where the weight is given by the product of agents' degrees raised to a power θ and there exist persistent individuals whose opinions are independent of those of their friends. We find that the fraction of each opinion will converge to a value which only relates to the degrees of initial committed agents and the scaling exponent θ. The analytical predictions are verified by numerical simulations. The model indicates that agents' degrees and scaling exponent can significantly influence the final coexistence or consensus state of opinions. We also study the influence of degree mixing characteristics on the dynamics model by numerical simulations and discuss the relation between the model and the other related opinion dynamics models on social networks with different topological structures and initial configurations.

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