scholarly journals Erosion Control Treatment Using Geocell and Wheat Straw for Slope Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xiaoruan Song ◽  
Miansong Huang ◽  
Shiqin He ◽  
Gaofeng Song ◽  
Ruozhu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Slope Displacement ◽  
Straw Composite

Slope failure triggered by soil erosion under rainfall remains one of the most difficult problems in geotechnical engineering. Slope protection with planting vegetation can be used to reinforce the soil and stabilize the slope, but the early collapse of the planting soil before the complete growth of plants becomes a major issue for this method. This paper has proposed a composite soil treatment and slope protection method using the geocell structures and the wheat straw reinforcement. The geocell structures improve the stability of the planting soil and provide a stable and fixed environment for the vegetation, while the wheat straw reinforces the soil and also increases the fertility. The authors have performed a total of 9 experiments in this work that are classified into three groups, i.e., the unsupported slopes, the geocell reinforced, and the geocell and wheat straw composite reinforced with a consideration of three different rainfall intensities. The progressive slope failure development during the rainfall was assessed, as well as the soil erosion, the slope displacement, and the water content. The results show that the slope failure increases as the rainfall continues, and the soil degradation increases with the intensity of rainfall. The soil treatment using geocell improves the slope stability, but the geocell and wheat straw composite reinforcement has the best erosion control and slope protection.

scholarly journals Hydraulic Tests and Interpretation of Test Data for Reno Mattresses in Open Channel Flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
P D Pietro ◽  
M Lelli ◽  
A Rahman ◽  
Serkandi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Soil Erosion Control ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The efficacy of erosion control systems depends on preventing soil loss underneath and maintaining its integrity under the effects of the water flow. The paper presents the research results at the Colorado State University on the performance of double twisted wire mesh products, known as Reno Mattresses, used as soil erosion control systems. Mattresses were subjected to various flow conditions on a 10 m long flume placed on a soil layer. The performance against erosion was evaluated by assessing the effect of the stone motion inside the mattress combined with the condition of incipient soil erosion underneath, in relationship to the mattress thickness, the filling stone properties, and under variable hydraulic flow regimes. At the same time, confirming the stability obtained using the conventional tractive force design approach, the research results allowed to introduce a new performance limit based on incipient soil erosion underneath the revetment. Based on the research results, the authors propose to express the shear resistance of mattresses used as soil erosion control systems as a function of the filling stones’ size, uniformity, unit weight, mattress thickness, and the presence of vertical strengthening elements.

scholarly journals Affectability of splash erosion by polyacrylamide application and rainfall intensity

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boroghani ◽  
F. Hayavi ◽  
H. Noor
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Soil Particles ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rain Drops

Splash erosion is recognized as the first stage in a soil erosion process and results from the soil surface bombing by rain drops. At the moment when rain drops conflict with the soil surface, soil particles move and destruct the soil structure. Soil particles dispersed by rain drops and moved by runoff are two basic soil erosion processes. In this study, the effect of applying various amounts of polyacrylamide (PAM) (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/m<sup>2</sup>) on the quantity of splash erosion at three rainfall intensities of 65, 95 and 120 mm/h by using of FEL3 rainfall simulator was investigated in marly soil in a laboratory. Results indicated differences in the effects of various treatments with PAM at all rainfall intensities, such as 0.6 g/m<sup>2</sup> PAM had the maximum effect on the splash erosion control by reducing soil erosion by about 28.93%. But statistical results showed that the use of various amounts of PAM (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/m<sup>2</sup>) for controlling splash erosion at various rain intensities to decrease splash erosion did not reveal a statistically significant difference. Therefore, the application of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/m<sup>2</sup> PAM reduced the splash erosion, however, there was no statistical difference among these application rates of PAM. Finally, the results of statistical analysis of different intensities showed that only at 120 mm/h there was a significant difference between PAM treatment and control treatment (0 g/m<sup>2</sup> PAM) in the splash erosion control. At this intensity, the treatment with 0.4 g/m<sup>2</sup> PAM produced a maximum effect on the splash erosion control with 40% in comparison with the control treatment.

scholarly journals Vegetation cover modelling for soil erosion control in agricultural watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 653 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
A Prasetyo ◽  
C Setyawan ◽  
Ngadisih ◽  
R Tirtalistyani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Soil Erosion Control

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of Erosion Remediation Measures and Proposal of The Best Management Practices for Erosion Control in Sebeya Catchment, Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Félicien Majoro ◽  
Umaru Garba Wali ◽  
Omar Munyaneza ◽  
François-Xavier Naramabuye ◽  
Concilie Mukamwambali
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Remediation Measures ◽  
Soil Erosion Control

Soil erosion is an environmental concern that affects agriculture, wildlife and water bodies. Soil erosion can be avoided by maintaining a protective cover on the soil to create a barrier to the erosive agent or by modifying the landscape to control runoff amounts and rates. This research is focused on Sebeya catchment located in the Western Province of Rwanda. Sebeya catchment is one of the most affected areas by soil erosion hazards causing loss of crops due to the destruction of agricultural plots or riverbanks, river sedimentation and damages to the existing water treatment and hydropower plants in the downstream part of the river. The aims of this research were to assess the performance of erosion remediation measures and to propose the Best Management Practices (BMPs) for erosion control in Sebeya catchment. Using literature review, site visits, questionnaire and interviews, various erosion control measures were analyzed in terms of performance and suitability. Land slope and soil depth maps were generated using ArcGIS software. The interview results indicated that among the 22 existing soil erosion control measures, about 4.57% of farmers confirmed their existence while 95.43% expressed the need of their implementation in Sebeya catchment. Furthermore, economic constraints were found to be the main limitative factors against the implementation of soil erosion control measures in Sebeya catchment. Also, the majority of farmers suggest trainings and mobilization of a specialized technical team to assist them in implementing soil conservation measures and to generalize the application of fertilizers in the whole catchment. Finally, soil erosion control measures including agro-forestry, terraces, mulching, tree planting, contour bunds, vegetative measures for slopes and buffer zones, check dams, riverbanks stabilization were proposed and recommended to be implemented in Sebeya catchment. Keywords: Erosion control measures, Sebeya catchment, Rwanda

scholarly journals Projections of surface air temperature required to sustain permafrost and importance of adaptation to climate change in the Daisetsu Mountains, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuta Yokohata ◽  
Go Iwahana ◽  
Toshio Sone ◽  
Kazuyuki Saito ◽  
Noriko N. Ishizaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Alpine Ecosystems ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Slope Displacement

AbstractPermafrost is known to occur in high mountainous areas such as the Daisetsu Mountains in Japan, which are located at the southernmost limit of the permafrost distribution in the world. In this study, areas with climatic conditions suitable for sustaining permafrost in the Daisetsu Mountains are projected using bias-corrected and downscaled climate model outputs and statistical relationships between surface air temperatures and permafrost areas. Using freezing and thawing indices, the size of the area in the Daisetsu Mountains where climatic conditions were suitable for permafrost were estimated to be approximately 150 km2 in 2010. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, this area is projected to decrease to about 30 km2 by 2050 and it is projected to disappear by around 2070. Under the RCP2.6 scenario, the area is projected to decrease to approximately 20 km2 by 2100. The degradation of mountain permafrost could potentially affect the stability of trekking trails due to slope displacement, and it may also have deleterious effects on current alpine ecosystems. It is therefore important to accurately monitor changes in the mountain ecosystem environment and to implement measures to adapt to an environment that is projected to change significantly in the future.

The influence of different roll erosion control products to the particle size distribution of the soil sediment eroded on artificial slopes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Kubínová ◽  
Petr Kavka ◽  
Martin Neumann ◽  
Jan-František Kubát
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Soil Sediment

&lt;p&gt;In this contribution the particle size distributions of the soil sediment obtained from soil erosion experiments were analysed. All the tests were done on arable topsoil&amp;#8217;s, separately the size distribution of the soil aggregates and individual soil particles were evaluated. Soil erosion was initiated under the controlled conditions. CTU Prague laboratory rainfall simulator and field laboratory in Jirkov were used for this research. The rainfall was artificially generated with use of a nozzle type rainfall simulator. The sediment transported due to the surface runoff and rill erosion was collected from the discharge of the inclined soil erosion plots (slopes 20 &amp;#8211; 34&amp;#176;, slope length 4 m).&lt;br&gt;During each experiment, eight samples were collected. Four samples were collected during the first experimental rainfall. For the next ten days, the container was kept aside the rainfall. Afterwards, the raining with the rainfall simulator on plot (which now had different initial condition compared to the plot during the first experimental rainfall as the plot already contained erosion rills from the previous episode) has been resumed and another four samples were collected.&lt;br&gt;Experimental plots were vertically divided into two parts. On one part was an eel and on the second part were different types of rolled erosion control products (RECPs) &amp;#8211; Enkamat 7010, and 7020, Biomac-C, coir fibres K700 and K400, jute, Macmat 8.1, mulch, hay, nonwoven, fortrac 3D and triangle. The influence of RECPs to the particle size distribution was investigated.&lt;br&gt;Laser diffraction has been selected as a method to determine particle size distribution and device Mastersizer 3000 was used. By the comparison of the particle size distribution, of more than five hundred samples, the different response to the soil erosion mechanism and the influence of external factors (slope of the experimental plot, initial condition and presence of RECPs) on the particle size distribution and soil aggregates content in eroded sediment were investigated. It has been found that both the particle size and aggregates size distribution of the eroded sediment changes considerably in time.&lt;br&gt;This research is funded by the TH02030428 - &amp;#8222;Design of technical measures for slopes stabilization and soil erosion prevention&amp;#8221; and by the International CTU grant SGS20/156/OHK1/3T/11.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Preparation and Performance of Wheat-straw Composite Board with Inorganic Adhesive

BioResources ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzheng Qiao ◽  
Aijun Wang ◽  
Xingong Li
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Composite Board ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Straw Composite

The location of property boundaries and fences as a factor in soil erosion control

1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
R. W. Condon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Soil Erosion Control

scholarly journals Multiperspective analysis of erosion tolerance

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Sparovek ◽  
Isabella Clerici De Maria
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Effective Integration

Erosion tolerance is the most multidisciplinary field of soil erosion research. Scientists have shown lack in ability to adequately analyze the huge list of variables that influence soil loss tolerance definitions. For these the perspectives of erosion made by farmers, environmentalists, society and politicians have to be considered simultaneously. Partial and biased definitions of erosion tolerance may explain not only the polemic nature of the currently suggested values but also, in part, the nonadoption of the desired levels of erosion control. To move towards a solution, considerable changes would have to occur on how this topic is investigated, especially among scientists, who would have to change methods and strategies and extend the perspective of research out of the boundaries of the physical processes and the frontiers of the academy. A more effective integration and communication with the society and farmers, to learn about their perspective of erosion and a multidisciplinary approach, integrating soil, social, economic and environmental sciences are essential for improved erosion tolerance definitions. In the opinion of the authors, soil erosion research is not moving in this direction and a better understanding of erosion tolerance is not to be expected in the near future.

Soil Erosion Control in Hungary

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ádam Kertész ◽  
Dénes Lóczy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Soil Erosion Control
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