Oxidative Stress and Its Related Factors in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

Aims. Few research was reported to explore oxidative stress in individuals with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Therefore, our goal is to study oxidative stress and related factors in LADA patients. Methods. In this study, 250 Chinese inpatients were diagnosed with LADA ( n = 110 ) and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( n = 140 ) and 140 healthy volunteers were recruited. Moreover, individuals with LADA were followed for 6 months to evaluate whether short-term glycemic control during hospitalization can improve oxidative stress. Clinical and laboratory measurements of height, weight, blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood lipids, 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were performed. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to assess factors that related to oxidative stress in individuals with LADA. Results. Compared with patients with type 2 diabetes, individuals with LADA have better oxidative stress and worse oxidative stress than healthy volunteers. After multiple regression analyses, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, and diabetic retinopathy were associated with 8-iso-PGF2α and HbA1c. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic ketosis were associated with SOD in individuals with LADA. Our results also revealed that, after 6 months of follow-up, oxidative stress was improved to some extent in persons with LADA. Conclusions. Our results show that compared with type 2 diabetes, LADA means less oxidative stress, and compared with healthy volunteers, it means more oxidative stress. Systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, and ketosis were associated with oxidative stress in individuals with LADA. Furthermore, short-term glycemic control can improve oxidative stress to some extent in individuals with LADA.

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Glycemic variability assessed by continuous glucose monitoring and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult and type 2 diabetes

Journal of Diabetes Investigation ◽

10.1111/jdi.12957 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 753-759 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jingyi Lu ◽

Xiaojing Ma ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Yifei Mo ◽

Lingwen Ying ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Glucose Monitoring ◽

Glycemic Variability ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

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Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis (DRAD) in patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or latent autoimmune diabetes in the adult (LADA)

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications ◽

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.08.009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 1456-1461 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mats Martinell ◽

Mozhgan Dorkhan ◽

Jan Stålhammar ◽

Petter Storm ◽

Leif Groop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

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Erratum to “Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis (DRAD) in patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or latent autoimmune diabetes in the adult (LADA)” [J Diabetes Complications 30(8): 1456–1461]

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications ◽

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.02.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 1247

Author(s):

Mats Martinell ◽

Mozhgan Dorkhan ◽

Jan Stålhammar ◽

Petter Storm ◽

Leif Groop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetes Complications ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

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Is diabetic retinopathy affected by diabetes type? A retrospective study using electronic medical record data from patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes

Acta Diabetologica ◽

10.1007/s00592-021-01748-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wanyue Li ◽

Zifang Cheng ◽

Yanan Song ◽

Yifan Fang ◽

Ming Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Type ◽

Diabetes Duration ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

Abstract Aims To determine whether the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its related factors are affected by diabetes type (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults [LADA], type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM], type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]). Methods LADA patients were matched for age (± 2 years) and sex to T1DM (1:1) and T2DM (1:2) patients. Retrieved variables included demographic characteristics, diabetes history, laboratory test findings, and history of DR screening, etc. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identify influencing factors of DR. A decision tree was used to explore interactions between diabetes type and other influencing factors of DR. Results We included 110 LADA, 101 T1DM, and 220 T2DM patients. DR prevalence was 26.4% in LADA patients, lower than that in T1DM (50.5%) and T2DM (47.7%) patients (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that diabetes duration (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.1–1.26, P < 0.001) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (OR = 42.39, 95% CI: 10.88–165.11, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for DR, and regular DR screening (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.16–0.69, P = 0.003) was an independent protective factor. Decision tree analysis showed that in patients without DN with a diabetes duration of at least 10.5 years, T1DM and LADA patients had a higher incidence of DR than T2DM patients (72.7% vs. 55.1%). Conclusions The prevalence of DR in diabetes patients was affected by diabetes duration, DN occurrence, and regular DR screening. Diabetes type indirectly affects DR occurrence through its interaction with diabetes duration and DN. Correct LADA diagnosis is necessary, and DR screening needs to be well-implemented.

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Type 1 Diabetes-related Autoantibodies in Different Forms of Diabetes

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399814666180730105351 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 199-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Acid Decarboxylase ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Childhood Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Childhood Type

Autoantibodies against Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GADA), insulinoma antigen-2 (IA- 2A), insulin (IAA) and the most recently Zinc Transporter 8 (ZnT8A) are one of the most reliable biomarkers for autoimmune diabetes in both children and adults. They are today the only biomarkers that can distinguish Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) from phenotypically type 2 diabetes. As the frequency of autoantibodies at diagnosis in childhood type 1 diabetes depends on age, GADA is by far the most common in adult onset autoimmune diabetes, especially LADA. Being multiple autoantibody positive have also shown to be more common in childhood diabetes compared to adult onset diabetes, and multiple autoantibody positivity have a high predictive value of childhood type 1 diabetes. Autoantibodies have shown inconsistent results to predict diabetes in adults. Levels of autoantibodies are reported to cause heterogeneity in LADA. Reports indicate that individuals with high levels of autoantibodies have a more type 1 diabetes like phenotype and individuals with low levels of autoantibody positivity have a more type 2 diabetes like phenotype. It is also well known that autoantibody levels can fluctuate and transient autoantibody positivity in adult onset autoimmune diabetes have been reported to affect the phenotype.

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