scholarly journals Estimation Accuracy of Root Canal Curvatures from Different Dental Diagnostic Imaging Techniques: An In Vitro Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bestoon Mohammed Faraj
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging Techniques ◽  
Case Difficulty Assessment

In clinical endodontics, preoperative estimation of root canal curvature is crucial regarding the prevention of iatrogenic errors. Reproduction of the two-dimensional radiographic images causes certain proximal view curvatures not seen. Therefore, the present study is aimed at investigating the degree of root canal curvature identified in different radiographic views. A total of 60 human permanent single-rooted teeth with varying degrees of curvature were selected. The root canal curvature for each tooth was measured on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images (clinical view), standard digital periapical view (0° angle), digital periapical horizontal parallax view (30° angle), and digital periapical proximal view (0° angle), by using the Schneider method. No statistically significant difference was found in the degree of curvatures estimated on CBCT images and standard digital periapical view (0° angle) in the same tooth. The results revealed a significant difference between the proximal view and the other three groups ( p < 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in this respect between the horizontal parallax view (30° angle), clinical view (CBCT images), and standard digital periapical view ( p > 0.05 ). Proximal view curvatures cannot be predicted or estimated only from examining a clinical view radiograph. A horizontal parallax view (30° angle) is highly recommended as specific guidelines on how to estimate root canal curvature in case difficulty assessment protocols.

scholarly journals Root canal curvature as a prognostic factor influencing the diagnostic accuracy of radiographic working length determination and postoperative canal axis modification: An in vitro comparative study. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bestoon Faraj
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
The Real ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Length Estimation ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Case Difficulty Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Radiographic analysis of tooth morphology is mandatory for accurate calibration of the degree of canal curvature angle and radiographic working length to its real dimensions in case difficulty assessment protocols. This study aimed to determine the impact of the degree of root canal curvature angle on maintaining the real working length and the original canal axis of prepared root canals using a reciprocating rotary instrumentation technique. Methods: Radiographic image analysis were performed on 60 extracted single-rooted human premolar teeth with a moderate canal curvature (10-25o) and severe canal curvature (26-70o). Working length and longitudinal canal axis were determined using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital periapical radiography. The real working length was established by subtracting 0.5 mm from the actual canal length. Root canals were prepared using the WaveOne Gold reciprocating file (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Results: There was no significant relation of the degree of canal curvature angle to the accuracy of radiographic working length estimated on CBCT and digital periapical radiographic techniques (P > 0.05). Postinstrumentation changes in the original canal axis between moderate and severe canal curvature angles, assessed on CBCT and periapical digital radiographic images were statistically non-significant (P >0.05). Conclusion:  A standardized digital periapical radiographic method performed similarly to the CBCT technique closest to its real canal length. No significant interaction exists between the diagnostic working length estimation, postoperative root canal axis modification, and the degree of canal curvature angle, using reciprocating rotary instrumentation technique.

scholarly journals Root canal curvature as a prognostic factor influencing the diagnostic accuracy of radiographic working length determination and postoperative canal axis modification: an in vitro comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bestoon Mohammed Faraj
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
The Real ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Length Estimation ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Length Determination ◽  
Case Difficulty Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Radiographic analysis of tooth morphology is mandatory for accurate calibration of the degree of canal curvature angle and radiographic working length to its real dimensions in case difficulty assessment protocols. This study aimed to determine the impact of the degree of root canal curvature angle on maintaining the real working length and the original canal axis of prepared root canals using a reciprocating rotary instrumentation technique. Methods Radiographic image analysis was performed on 60 extracted single-rooted human premolar teeth with a moderate canal curvature (10°–25°) and severe canal curvature (26°–70°). Working length and longitudinal canal axis were determined using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital periapical radiography. The real canal length was determined by subtracting 0.5 mm from the actual canal length. Root canals were prepared using the WaveOne Gold reciprocating file (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Results There was no significant relation of the degree of canal curvature angle to the accuracy of radiographic working length estimated on CBCT and digital periapical radiographic techniques (P > 0.05). Postinstrumentation changes in the original canal axis between moderate and severe canal curvature angles, assessed on CBCT and periapical digital radiographic images were statistically non-significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions A standardized digital periapical radiographic method performed similarly to the CBCT technique near to its true working length. No significant interaction exists between the diagnostic working length estimation, postoperative root canal axis modification, and the degree of canal curvature angle, using reciprocating rotary instrumentation technique.

scholarly journals Debris and Smear Layer Removal from Oval Root Canals Comparing XP-Endo Finisher, EndoActivator, and Manual Irrigation: A SEM Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Alakshar ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohammed Saleh ◽  
Mehmet Omer Gorduysus
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Layer Versus ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess and compare XP-Endo Finisher (XP) cleaning efficiency with respect to the amount of remaining debris and smear layer versus Max-I-Probe needle (CI), EndoActivator device (EA), and combination of XP-Endo Finisher file with EndoActivator device (XP+EA) in oval root canals. Materials and Methods This in vitro study was performed on 36 extracted single root/canal mandibular premolars. Radiographic images were taken in buccolingual and mesiodistal projections to evaluate the shape of the root canal and determine whether it met exclusion criteria. All teeth were decoronated and prepared using Reciproc (R40). The samples were divided randomly into four groups: CI, EA, XP, and XP + EA. The root canals were irrigated with 5 mL of 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOCl, respectively. Apart from the CI group, both solutions were activated by using the tested techniques for 1 minute.The teeth were split longitudinally, and the best visible identified sections of the roots were used as the representing samples for scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation. Each half was divided into the following three parts: 1 mm from the anatomic apex and a standardized photomicrograph with 500x and 1500x magnifications for debris and smear layer were obtained. A five-grade scoring system was utilized to quantify the results at the coronal, middle, and apical regions. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results Group differences in debris and smear layer scores were found statistically significant for all locations as well as for overall assessment, except for the coronal third. Intragroup comparison of debris and smear layer in CI, EA, and XP had the minimum score at the middle third, with no significant difference compared with the coronal and apical thirds. XP + EA had less debris and smear layer score at the coronal third, significantly different from apical third.CI and EA had less debris and smear layer compared with XP and XP + EA at all locations with a significant difference at the middle and apical third (p < 0.05). Conclusion EA and CI showed less debris and smear layer than XP and XP + EA in the middle and apical third. The use of the XP in conjunction with the present irrigation protocol failed to have debris-free dentin surface in the apical portion of most of the root canals.

scholarly journals Apical Transportation of Mesiobuccal Canals of Maxillary Molars Following Root Canal Preparation with Two Rotary Systems and Hand Files: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Sarraf ◽  
Nazanin Kiomarsi ◽  
Farrokh Haj Taheri ◽  
Behrang Moghaddamzade ◽  
Fatemeh Dibaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Apical Transportation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Transportation

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the transportation of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars following root canal preparation with HyFlex CM (HCM) and Edge Taper Platinum (ETP) rotary systems and stainless steel (SS) hand files using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was performed on 48 maxillary molars in three groups of 16. The teeth were mounted in acrylic blocks, and root canals were prepared using HCM in group 1 (up to #30/0.06), ETP in group 2 (up to F3/0.06), and SS hand files in group 3 (up to #30). CBCT scans were taken before and after root canal preparation. The amount of canal transportation was measured at 0, 3, 6, and 9mm from the apex. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The difference in canal transportation at 0 and 6mm from the apex was significant between the HCM and ETP groups (P=0.031 and 0.023) but none of the systems showed any significant difference with hand files at 0- and 6-mm levels (P=0.10, 0.56, 0.22, and 0.50), respectively. At 3mm from the apex, no significant difference was noted among the groups (P=0.30). At the 9-mm level, the amount of canal transportation was not significantly different between HCM and ETP (P=0.83) but they showed significant differences with hand files (P<0.001). Conclusion: ETP and HCM caused less canal transportation at the curvature of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars compared to hand files. ETP showed superior efficacy in root canal preparation compared to HCM.

scholarly journals Evaluasi jumlah saluran akar gigi premolar pertama atas menggunakan teknik radiografi periapikal pararel dan Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Sandy Pamadya ◽  
Mirza Aryanto ◽  
Nurani Hayati ◽  
Johannes Dhartono
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Radiological Examinations

Objectives: Maxillary and mandibular first premolars are amongst the teeth that has a risk to caries and needed to be treated. These teeth were varied in term of root and root canal amount. A successful root canal treatment in premolar teeth is highly dependent on the identification of the number and shape of root canals according to Vertucci. Radiographs are still the main choice in helping dentists establish an adequate diagnosis and treatment plan for root canal treatment. Conventional radiographs produce two-dimensional images which often cause difficulties in interpreting the resulting radiograph images. Modern imaging modalities such as CBCT can be used to produce a more accurate image. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the number of root canals of maxillary first premolar teeth displayed on periapical radiographs and CBCT and also to test the accuracy of periapical radiographs in detecting the number of root canals of maxillary first premolar teeth compared to CBCT radiographs. Materials and Methods: This research was experimented by performing periapical radiological examinations and CBCT on 50 maxillary premolar teeth samples, then evaluating the number of visible root canals. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the number of root canals seen on the periapical radiograph and CBCT. Conclusion: CBCT radiographs have the advantage of detecting the number of root canals of maxillary premolars more accurately than periapical radiographs.

scholarly journals Preoperative Estimation of Endodontic Working Length With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Standardized Paralleling Technique in Comparison to Its Real Length: an in Vitro Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bestoon Mohammed Faraj
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Length Estimation ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: An accurate estimation of the working canal length is essential for successful root canal treatment. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of root canal length estimation on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and digital paralleling radiographs (PAs), using the real canal length as a gold standard, and to evaluate the influence of canal curvature on this estimation. Methods: Sixty extracted human premolar teeth selected for this study. Root canal length measurement performed on CBCT scans (NewTom, Giano, Verona, Italy) and digital paralleling radiography (EzRay Air W; Vatech, Korea). The real working length established by subtracting 0.5 mm from the actual canal length. Results: No significant difference was found between CBCT and digital paralleling radiography. There was a tendency for underestimation of the root canal length measured on the CBCT images in 52 (86.7%) of the examined teeth and overestimated it in 5 teeth (8.3%). All the digital radiographs slightly overestimated the real canal length. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between the estimation from moderate to severe curvature for digital radiography, and CBCT images. Conclusion: Preoperative working length estimation can be made closest to its real clinical canal length on the standardized paralleling technique, using a long (16-inch) target–receptor distance.

scholarly journals Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhashini Ramanathan ◽  
Pradeep Solete
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dentin Thickness

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the remaining dentin thickness of teeth after cleaning and shaping the root canal using three rotary instrumentation technique using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods This in vitro study is being done with 30 premolar samples with 20’ curvature. The study is divided into three groups a CBCT was taken to measure the shortest distance from the root canal outline to the closest adjacent root surface was measured at each level from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) (1,3, 5 and 7 mm) before and after root canal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different instruments used to prepare curved root canals on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and total amount of dentin removed from root canals during instrumentation by using multi-slice CBCT. The remaining dentin thickness is very much necessary for the success rate of root canal treatment. However, this study helps to prove that a conservative preparation with a sound remaining dentin thickness is much more advisable. Result It was observed that there was a significant difference at 1 and 3 mm (p < 0.05) and at 5 and 7 mm there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Mtwo has removed less amount dentin when compared to ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next system at 1 and 3 mm. Conclusion Under the conditions of the study, we concluded that ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next should be used judiciously, as it causes higher thinning of root dentin of the root when compared with Mtwo. How to cite this article Ramanathan S, Solete P. Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):869-872.

scholarly journals Apical Transportation of Mesiobuccal Canals of Maxillary Molars Following Root Canal Preparation with Two Rotary Systems and Hand Files: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Sarraf ◽  
Nazanin Kiomarsi ◽  
Farrokh Haj Taheri ◽  
Behrang Moghaddamzade ◽  
Fatemeh Dibaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Apical Transportation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Transportation

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the transportation of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars following root canal preparation with HyFlex CM (HCM) and Edge Taper Platinum (ETP) rotary systems and stainless steel (SS) hand files using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was performed on 48 maxillary molars in three groups of 16. The teeth were mounted in acrylic blocks, and root canals were prepared using HCM in group 1 (up to #30/0.06), ETP in group 2 (up to F3/0.06), and SS hand files in group 3 (up to #30). CBCT scans were taken before and after root canal preparation. The amount of canal transportation was measured at 0, 3, 6, and 9mm from the apex. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The difference in canal transportation at 0 and 6mm from the apex was significant between the HCM and ETP groups (P=0.031 and 0.023) but none of the systems showed any significant difference with hand files at 0- and 6-mm levels (P=0.10, 0.56, 0.22, and 0.50), respectively. At 3mm from the apex, no significant difference was noted among the groups (P=0.30). At the 9-mm level, the amount of canal transportation was not significantly different between HCM and ETP (P=0.83) but they showed significant differences with hand files (P<0.001). Conclusion: ETP and HCM caused less canal transportation at the curvature of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars compared to hand files. ETP showed superior efficacy in root canal preparation compared to HCM.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of hand and Mtwo™ instruments in preparing oval-shaped root canals: in vitro study

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Diederichs Coutinho ◽  
Renata Dornelles Morgental ◽  
Simone Bonato Luisi ◽  
Fabiana Vieira Vier-Pelisser ◽  
Patricia Maria Poli Kopper
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Basic Sequence ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Canal Area ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study evaluated through stereomicroscopy the effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation techniques, either isolated or combined, in the preparation of oval-shaped root canals. Materials and method: Thirty single-rooted human mandibular incisors were selected. After endodontic access and coronal preflaring, teeth were mounted in a modified Bramante muffle and then sectioned transversely at 3 and 6 mm from the root apex. Images of each section were made under a stereomicroscope at 30× magnification. Teeth were reassembled in the muffle and divided into three groups (n=10) according to the root canal preparation technique: GI - rotary preparation with Mtwo™ basic sequence (10/.04; 15/.05; 20/.06; 25/.06), followed by Mtwo™ complementary instruments (30/.05; 35/.04; 40/.04); GII - rotary preparation with Mtwo™ basic sequence, complemented by hand instruments (#30, #35 and #40); GIII - hand instrumentation using the conventional technique (#10 to #40). All instruments were used in brushing motion. The muffles were separated again so that new images of each section could be obtained. The following parameters were evaluated in pre- and postoperative images: root canal area; perimeter; mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters; and mesial (M) and distal (D) wall thickness. Next, the values measured in post- and preoperative images were subtracted forcomparison of experimental groups. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05). Results: No significant difference between groups was observed for all parameters. Conclusion: There was no difference among hand, rotary, or combined instrumentation; all techniques were able to increase root canal area, perimeter, and diameter in MD and BL directions. Moreover, the amount of dentin wearon proximal root canal walls was similar for all tested groups.

Microbial Leakage of Cavit, IRM, and Temp Bond in Post-prepared Root Canals Using Two Methods of Gutta-percha Removal: An In Vitro Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Balto ◽  
Saad Al-Nazhan ◽  
Khulood Al-Mansour ◽  
Moneera Al-Otaibi ◽  
Yunus Siddiqu
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Space

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the integrity of the coronal seal of Temp-Bond and compare it to Cavit and IRM after post space preparation using S. faecalis as a microbial tracer. In addition, the affect of two methods of gutta percha removal on the apical seal of root canal fillings was also evaluated. Forty extracted human single rooted teeth were prepared chemomechanically and obturated with gutta percha and AH26 sealer cement using the lateral cold condensation technique to a standardized working length of 15 mm. About 10 mm of the coronal gutta-percha was removed with either Peeso-reamer or a hot plugger. The roots were divided into three experimental groups of 10 roots and a control group. Each experimental group was subdivided equally into two groups of 15 each according to the method of post space preparation. Cavit, IRM, and Temp-Bond were used to seal the access opening. Each root was fixed in a cuvette containing Tryptic Soya Broth which, covered 2 mm of the root apex. Bacterial suspension was introduced through pipette. Fresh bacterial suspension was added every week, and the system was monitored daily for the growth of microorganisms for a period of one month. The results showed there was no significant difference in terms of coronal leakage between the three coronal materials used (P=0.478), but the methods of gutta-percha removal did have an impact on the apical leakage (P=0.047). The mean value showed the Peeso-reamer provided less leakage compared to using a hot plugger during the 30-day experimental time period. It was concluded the temporary type of coronal seal of endodontically treated teeth will not prevent coronal leakage if left for a long period of time. In addition, permanent cementation of the post with the coronal restoration should be carried out as soon as possible to prevent recontamination of the root canal. Citation Balto H, Al-Nazhan S, Al-Mansour K, Al-Otaibi M, Siddiqu Y. Microbial Leakage of Cavit, IRM, and Temp Bond in Post-prepared Root Canals Using Two Methods of Gutta-percha Removal: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:053-061.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document