scholarly journals Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Otitis Media: Mastoiditis and Meningitis Complicated with Central Venous Thrombosis in an Immunocompetent Child

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Erdem Gönüllü ◽  
Nesrin Özkan ◽  
Ahmet Soysal ◽  
Engin Acıoğlu ◽  
Emine Betül Tavil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Type B ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Central Venous Thrombosis

Implementation of the Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) conjugate vaccine brought about a reduction in the number of cases and morbidity from type B but an increase in nontypeable strain infections. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) commonly colonizes children’s upper respiratory tract and causes otitis media, sinusitis, and bronchitis. Invasive NTHi diseases, such as meningitis and septicemia, have rarely been reported. Herein, we discuss a previously healthy, fully immunized 3-year-old girl presented with otitis media and mastoiditis leading to meningitis caused by NTHi complicated with central venous thrombosis. She was treated with antibiotics, mastoidectomy and ventilation tube insertion, and anticoagulation therapy and recovered uneventfully. Through this case, we wish to share our unique clinical experience that NTHi should be born in mind as a potential pathogen that can cause meningitis in previously healthy children, which may be helpful in future cases.

scholarly journals Effect of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination on Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate in Children, Tehran, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei ◽  
Sara Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Zahraei ◽  
Sussan Mahmoudi ◽  
Ghazaleh Ghandchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Asymptomatic Carrier ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Carrier Rate ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carriage ◽  
Type B ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) strains, which commonly reside as commensals within the human pharynx and can remain as an asymptomatic carrier, but become invasive leading to pneumonia, septic arthritis, or meningitis. The Pentavac (pentavalent vaccine, manufactured by India, SII (DTwP-HepB-Hib)) was introduced to the Iranian National Immunization Plan in November 2014. The aim of this study is to investigate H. influenzae type b (Hib) carrier rate among children under 6 years old in Tehran. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on 902 children including vaccinated/unvaccinated in the age of 6 months to 6 years, in Tehran. Sampling was performed from July 2019 to September 2019. Nasopharyngeal samples were taken from children by sterile swab. The PCR method was used to extract DNA. Then, all H. influenzae isolates were initially confirmed by molecular tests. BexA was used to distinguish typeable H. influenzae strains from nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Results. A total of 902 children were enrolled in the study: 452 were female (51%). H. influenzae carriage rate was 267 (29%), of that 150 samples (16.6%) were typeable. The nasopharyngeal Hib carrier rate in the children was 2.6% (24/902). 262 cases did not receive Hib vaccine. Analysis in nonnursery’s children aged 4 to 6 (unvaccinated) years showed that the lower educational level of father, mother, and family number correlated with increased odds of colonization of children with Hib. Conclusion. Our findings showed a significant decrease (60%) in the overall Hib nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy children under six years after 5 years after the start of Hib vaccination.

Haemophilus influenzae Type b Polysaccharide-Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine in Vaccinated Children Who Developed Haemophilus Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-620
Author(s):  
GEOFFREY A. WEINBERG ◽  
TRUDY V. MURPHY ◽  
DAN M. GRANOFF
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Type B ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Polyribosylribitol Phosphate ◽  
Conventional Type

Children in whom invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease develops despite previous immunization with conventional type b polysaccharide vaccine (polyribosylribitol phosphate [PRP]) have been reported to have impaired serum anticapsular antibody responses following recovery from H influenzae type b disease.1,2 Recently, these "vaccine failure" patients also have been found to have impaired antibody responses to reimmunization with PRP vaccine.3 The reasons are not understood because most of the children have normal serum concentrations of immunoglobulins, including IgG2.1-4 They also are more than 3 years of age at the time of reimmunization, an age group in which most healthy children respond to PRP vaccine.

scholarly journals Biofilm Biology and Vaccine Strategies for Otitis Media Due to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 069-078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Novotny ◽  
Kenneth Brockman ◽  
Elaine Mokrzan ◽  
Joseph Jurcisek ◽  
Lauren Bakaletz
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Physical Defenses ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Recurrent Nature ◽  
Gain Access

AbstractOtitis media (OM) is one of the most common diseases of childhood, and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is the predominant causative agent of chronic and recurrent OM, as well as OM for which treatment has failed. Moreover, NTHI is now as important a causative agent of acute OM as the pneumococcus. NTHI colonizes the human nasopharynx asymptomatically. However, upon perturbation of the innate and physical defenses of the airway by upper respiratory tract viral infection, NTHI can replicate, ascend the Eustachian tube, gain access to the normally sterile middle ear space, and cause disease. Bacterial biofilms within the middle ear, including those formed by NTHI, contribute to the chronic and recurrent nature of this disease. These multicomponent structures are highly resistant to clearance by host defenses and elimination by traditional antimicrobial therapies. Herein, we review several strategies utilized by NTHI to persist within the human host and interventions currently under investigation to prevent and/or resolve NTHI-induced diseases of the middle ear and uppermost airway.

Otitis Media with Effusion Following Inoculation of Endotoxin of Haemophilus influenzae Type B

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. S100-S101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naobumi Nonomura ◽  
Yuichi Nakano ◽  
Yayoi Satoh ◽  
Osamu Fujioka ◽  
Masashi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B

Effect of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein E (PE) as a microbial adjuvant on the amount of antibody against PRP of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in BALB/c mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Minoo Tavakoli ◽  
Saeid Bouzari ◽  
Anis Jafari ◽  
Mana Oloomi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Asadi Karam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae

Human antibody response to outer membrane proteins and fimbriae of Haemophilus influenzae type b

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice L. Erwin ◽  
George E. Kenny ◽  
Arnold L. Smith ◽  
Terrence L. Stull
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Staining ◽  
Human Antibody ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Type B

We investigated the prevalence of antibodies in childrens' sera directed against outer membrane proteins (OMP) and fimbriae of Haemophilus influenzae type b. Invasive isolates of H. influenzae type b were enriched for fimbriae production; OMP and fimbriae were resolved by SDS-PAGE. After blotting to nitrocellulose, the proteins were incubated with homologous patient sera or with sera from healthy children. IgG antibodies bound to OMP were detected by immunoperoxidase staining. Immunoblotting was also performed using purified, nondenatured fimbriae as antigen. Nine of the 10 patients studied had antibodies in the acute serum directed against one or more of the OMP. Neither the acute nor the convalescent serum of the remaining patient contained antibodies against OMP. Antibodies against a greater number of OMP were present in the convalescent serum, in comparison to the acute serum, in 4 of the 10 patients. Five of 10 patients had antibodies against the purified fimbriae of an unrelated invasive isolate in either the acute or the convalescent serum. Acute sera from patients more frequently contained antibodies directed against OMP 60K (p ≤ 0.01) and OMP 51K (p ≤ 0.003) compared with the sera of healthy controls. In contrast, the sera of healthy children more frequently contained antibodies directed against OMP 40K (p ≤ 0.04). Sera from both patients and controls contained antibodies against commensal Haemophilus. We conclude that although antibodies against OMP are commonly present in healthy children, antibodies against certain OMP may be markers for susceptibility or protection.

scholarly journals Oropharyngeal colonization by Haemophilus influenzae in healthy children from Taubaté (São Paulo), prior to the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination program in Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Ferro Bricks ◽  
Caio Márcio Figueredo Mendes ◽  
Bianca Rezende Lucarevschi ◽  
Carmem Paz Oplustil ◽  
Rosemeire C. Zanella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Type B ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Low Prevalence

Haemophilus influenzae is one of the most important bacterial agents of otitis and sinusitis. H. influenzae type b (Hib) is one of the main causes of meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia in nonvaccinated children under 6 years of age. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of H. influenzae and Hib oropharyngeal colonization prior to the onset of the Hib vaccination program in Brazil in previously healthy children and to assess the susceptibility profile of this microorganism to a selected group of antimicrobials that are used to treat acute respiratory infections. METHOD: Cultures of Haemophilus influenzae were made from oropharynx swabs from 987 children under 6 years of age who were enrolled in 29 day-care centers in Taubaté (a city of São Paulo state, Brazil) between July and December 1998. RESULTS: The prevalence of H. influenzae carriers was 17.4%, and only 5.5% of the strains were beta-lactamase producers. The prevalence of Hib carriers was high, 7.3% on average (range, 0.0 - 33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The low prevalence of colonization by penicillin-resistant strains indicates that it is not necessary to substitute ampicilin or amoxicilin to effectively treat otitis and sinusitis caused by H. influenzae in Taubaté.

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