scholarly journals Blindness in a Woman With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Syphilis

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 198-201
Author(s):  
Michael Luchi ◽  
Curtis Beauregard ◽  
Kevin Ault ◽  
Daniel Hinthorn
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hands And Feet

Background: A concomitant infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may alter the natural history of other infections. Several reports indicate that syphilis may behave more aggressively when HIV infection is present.Case: A woman presented with a rash involving her hands and feet and progressive loss of the vision in her right eye. Her serologic tests for syphilis and HIV infection were positive. A diagnosis of neurosyphilis was confirmed by an analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). She was treated with high-dose intravenous (IV) penicillin. Her skin lesions resolved, but her vision did not improve.Conclusion: The incidence of HIV infection among women is rising. A patient with HIV and syphilis may develop neurosyphilis in a much shorter time than a patient without HIV infection.

Cutaneous manifestations of HIV-1 infection

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 362-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Memar ◽  
R Cirelli ◽  
P Lee ◽  
SK Tyring
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv 1

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to a chronic disarmament of the immune system. The process is progressive, having different manifestations as the status of the immune system slowly deteriorates. Some of the most common manifestations of HIV infection are cutaneous in origin, and they can have infectious, neoplastic, or noninfectious or non-neoplastic etiologies. A brief history of HIV is given, and the most common cutaneous presentations of the virus infection of interest to podiatrists are outlined.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with nontyphoidal Salmonella in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Cornejo-Venegas ◽  
Juan José Montenegro-Idrogo ◽  
Cristhian Resurrección-Delgado ◽  
Carolina Mendez-Guerra ◽  
Andres Quevedo-Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Meningococcal Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of

A 27-year-old Peruvian woman living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in clinical stage B3 and not on antiretroviral therapy presented with a ten-day history of fever, chills, night sweats and a two-day history of skin lesions. On physical examination, several erythematous-purplish lesions were found on the face and legs. Meningococcal infection was suspected and ceftriaxone was started. Blood culture grew nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica. A biopsy of the skin lesions showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV); therefore, corticosteroids were added. After two weeks of antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment, the lesions had resolved, but they recurred two days after treatment with prednisone was stopped. Corticosteroids and combination antiretroviral therapy were started simultaneously and the lesions resolved without recurrence. HIV infection has been associated with higher rates of skin lesions in salmonellosis. LCV has been described both in the setting of HIV infection and salmonellosis. However, our review of the literature found no previous cases of LCV in concurrent HIV and salmonellosis.

Decreased Thymus Size on Chest Radiography: A Sign of Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
ALAN MEYERS ◽  
NICHOLAS PEPE ◽  
WILLIAM CRANLEY ◽  
KATHLEEN MCCARTEN
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Thymus Size

The early diagnosis of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infancy is clinically important but remains problematic in the asymptomatic child born to an HIV-infected mother. In addition, many such women are unaware of their HIV infection until their child manifests symptomatic HIV disease. Nonspecific signs of pediatric HIV infection, such as generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, or persistent thrush, may be important in alerting the clinician to consider the possibility of HIV infection in the child whose history of HIV risk is unknown. We report one such sign which may be evident on plain chest radiography. The pathology of the thymus gland in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been described by Joshi and colleagues,1-3 who have reported precocious involution with marked reduction in thymus size and weight.

scholarly journals Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection

Open Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen ◽  
Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil ◽  
Homa Darmani
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Chronic Immune Activation ◽  
Immune Suppressor Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Suppressor

There are several mechanisms by which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can mediate immune dysfunction and exhaustion during the course of infection. Chronic immune activation, after HIV infection, seems to be a key driving force of such unwanted consequences, which in turn worsens the pathological status. In such cases, the immune system is programmed to initiate responses that counteract unwanted immune activation, for example through the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Although the expansion of immune suppressor cells in the setting of systemic chronic immune activation, in theory, is expected to contain immune activation, HIV infection is still associated with a remarkably high level of biomarkers of immune activation. Paradoxically, the expansion of immune suppressor cells during HIV infection can suppress potent anti-viral immune responses, which in turn contribute to viral persistence and disease progression. This indicates that HIV hijacks not only immune activation but also the immune regulatory responses to its advantage. In this work, we aim to pave the way to comprehend how such unwanted expansion of MDSCs could participate in the pathology of acute/primary and chronic HIV infection in humans, as well as simian immunodeficiency virus infection in rhesus macaques, according to the available literature.

History of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Nervous System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avindra Nath
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
System P ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
First Descriptions

It has been nearly three decades since the first descriptions of the neurological comploications of HIV infection. During this period of time there has been tremendous progress in defining the clinical syndromes, modes of diagnosis, detailed pathophysiology and modes of treatment. Many of the dreaded complications are now manageable particularly if diagnosed early. However, neurocognitive impairment associated with HIV infection still remains a significant cause of morbidity and much is needed to control; the effects of the virus on the brain and for the eventual eradication of the virus from the brain reservoir.

Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor in a Child with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: A Rare Association

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Gupta ◽  
Dharmagat Bhattarai ◽  
Bishnu Kumar Thapa ◽  
Mayur Parkhi ◽  
Pandiarajan Vignesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Rare Association ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are reported to have various malignancies, most common being Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite higher risk of malignancies, brain tumors are infrequently described in these children. We report Primitive Neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) in a young boy with HIV infection. PNET has never been described in association with HIV infection. Though a causative association cannot be established, it does emphasize that with longer survivals on effective antiretroviral therapy, we may see a wide range of malignancies more frequently.

Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Prenatal Population at High Risk for HIV Infection

1989 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 825-828
Author(s):  
MICHAEL K. LINDSAY ◽  
HERBERT B. PETERSON ◽  
DAVID C. MUNDY ◽  
BARBARA A. SLADE ◽  
TERRY FENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus
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