Abstract 4827: Does beam radiation treatment of prostate cancer increase rectal cancer risk.

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Morgan ◽  
Brice Jabo ◽  
Mark Ghamsary ◽  
David Bush
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Beam Radiation

Risk of second primary cancers after treatment for locoregional rectal cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3578-3578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitali Singh Nangia ◽  
Thomas H. Taylor ◽  
Walter Tsang ◽  
Jason Wong ◽  
Joseph Carmichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Pelvic Radiation

3578 Background: The risk of second primary colorectal cancers among rectal cancer patients has been described, but little is known about the risk of non-colorectal malignancies that may occur in the field of radiation. We attempted to quantify the risk, using data from the large population-based California Cancer Registry (CCR). Methods: We analyzed the CCR data for surgically-treated locoregional rectal cancer cases, diagnosed during the period 1988–2009. We excluded cases with second primary tumor (SPT) diagnosed within 12 months of initial diagnosis . Radiation treatment used was external beam radiation therapy. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate risk as compared to the underlying population after matching for age, sex, ethnicity, and time. Results: Of the study cohort of 13,418 rectal cancer cases, 1572 cases of SPTs were observed . The SIR was increased for small intestine cancer among cases receiving radiation treatment (4 cases observed vs. 1.01 cases expected; SIR=3.94, 95% CI 1.07-10.10) but not among cases lacking radiation treatment (4 observed vs. 4.45 expected; SIR=0.90, 5% CI 0.24-2.30). Among females treated with radiation, the SIR was increased for uterine cancer (12 observed vs. 5.59 expected; SIR=2.15, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.75) but not among cases lacking radiation therapy (23 observed vs. 26.17 expected; SIR=0.88, 95% CI 0.56-1.32). Among males receiving radiation treatment, the SIR for prostate cancer was decreased (23 observed vs. 69.78 expected; SIR=0.33; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.49) but of borderline significance among males lacking radiation therapy (243 observed vs. 276.97 expected; SIR=0.88, 95% CI 0.77-0.99). No significant differences were observed for cancers of the vagina, cervix, ovary, kidney, bladder, penis, testes, or leukemia based on prior radiation treatment for rectal cancer. Conclusions: Patients receiving pelvic radiation for treatment of rectal cancer have a subsequently higher than expected incidence of small intestine and uterine cancer. The incidence of prostate cancer appears to fall after pelvic radiation. These unexpected findings suggest complex relationships associated with radiation treatment for rectal cancer and SPT risk.

scholarly journals External beam radiation treatment for rectal cancer is associated with a decrease in subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis

Cancer ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Hoffman ◽  
Theodore S. Hong ◽  
Anthony L. Zietman ◽  
Anthony H. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

scholarly journals Focal Therapy, Differential Therapy, and Radiation Treatment for Prostate Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anudh K. Jain ◽  
Ronald D. Ennis
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Focal Therapy ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Differential Therapy ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatments

Focal and differential therapy represent an approach to improve the therapeutic ratio of prostate cancer treatments. This concept is a shift from treating the whole gland to intensely treating the portion of the gland that contains significant tumor. However, there are many challenges in the move towards focal approaches. Defining which patients are suitable candidates for focal therapy approaches is an area of significant controversy, and it is likely that additional data from imaging or detailed biopsy methods is needed in addition to traditional risk factors. A number of methods have been suggested, and imaging with multiparametric MRI and transperineal template mapping biopsy have shown promise. The approach of differential therapy where the entire prostate is treated to a lower intensity and the tumor areas to high intensity is also discussed in detail. Radiation therapy is a well suited modality for the delivery of differential therapy. Data in the literature using external beam radiation, high dose rate brachytherapy, and low-dose rate brachytherapy for differential therapy are reviewed. Preliminary results are encouraging, and larger studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to validate this approach.

Bladder filling during radiation therapy for prostate cancer treatment: Assessment via bladder ultrasound scanner.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 147-147
Author(s):  
Mark Raymond Waddle ◽  
Robin Landy ◽  
Karen Ryan ◽  
Katherine S. Tzou ◽  
William C Stross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Bladder Volume ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Bladder Filling ◽  
Full Bladder ◽  
Ct Simulation

147 Background: Prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiation therapy are instructed to present daily with a full bladder to decrease small bowel and bladder toxicity and to increase reproducibility of treatment. However, older patients may have difficulty presenting with full bladders and variation of bladder volume with treatment is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess bladder filling at the time of radiation treatment (RT) using a bladder ultrasound in patients undergoing treatment for prostate cancer. Methods: Patients with prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled prior to CT simulation from January to August 2017. Bladder volume was recorded during CT simulation and daily immediately prior to RT. Patients were instructed to drink 8-12 ounces of water 30-60 minutes prior to RT. Three bladder volume measurements were recorded daily and averaged at the time of each treatment. Average bladder volume during treatment and the number of treatments with low bladder volumes ( < 50cc, < 60cc, and < 100cc) were reported using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 13 patients completed a median of 42 days of RT during the study period, resulting in 550 daily bladder volumes. Ten patients were treated definitively and 3 with salvage radiation after prostatectomy. The median age of patients in the study was 72 years. Older patients were statistically more likely to present with low bladder volumes, with percentage of treatments with a bladder volume less than 50cc, 60cc, and 100cc being 29%, 42%, and 66% compared to only 4%, 7%, and 18% in patients aged < 70 (P < 0.01). The average bladder volume at the time of CT simulation was 176cc ± 57cc and the average volume during treatment was 140cc± 93cc, which was not statistically different (P = 0.28). The bladder volume did not significantly change over the course of treatment. Conclusions: Older patients (age 70+) with prostate cancer were more likely to present for RT with low bladder volumes in this prospective study. Our findings suggest that older patients should receive extra counseling about bladder filling and/or may require less bladder filling at the time of CT simulation to provide more accurate bowel dosimetry measurements.

Analysis of hormonal receptor status in tissue from prostate cancer that developed 26 years after bilateral orchiectomy and following 41 years of estrogen therapy

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14610-14610
Author(s):  
R. A. Miksad ◽  
G. Bubley ◽  
P. Church ◽  
A. Cooper ◽  
N. Rofsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Bilateral Orchiectomy

14610 Background: The development of prostate cancer in the absence of normal male testosterone levels and in the presence of elevated estrogen levels is rare and poorly understood. Methods: The androgen, estrogen and progesterone receptors were evaluated in prostate cancer tissue from a 60-year-old, long-term transgender woman. Her serum hormone levels were assessed and the prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was followed during hormonal and radiation treatment. This patient began estrogen therapy at age 19 and underwent bilateral orchiectomy at age 34 during gender re-assignment surgery. Work-up for gross hematuria revealed a Gleason 8, locally advanced prostate cancer. Results: The tumor showed abundant staining for androgen receptors (AR), with a nuclear pattern consistent with hormone refractory prostate cancer. The tumor did not stain for estrogen receptors (ER) or progesterone receptors (PR). Compared to reference values for men, this transgender woman had low serum testosterone (44 ng/dl) and free testosterone (0.9 pg/mL) levels and elevated estradiol (53 pg/mL) and estrone (377 pg/mL) levels. Prior to the initiation of radiation, treatment with bicalutamide and dutasteride reduced her PSA from 240 ng/ml to 77 ng/ml at week 6 (see Table). After treatment with external beam radiation her PSA fell to 4.6 ng/mL. At week 24, her PSA was 0.8 ng/mL. Conclusions: This high-grade, locally advanced prostate cancer in a transgender woman represents the longest reported duration of a castrate state preceding the development of prostate cancer, exceeding prior reports by several decades. The AR positive and ER/PR negative status of this tumor in the setting of low testosterone and elevated estrogen levels challenge long-standing paradigms regarding the testosterone requirement for prostatic carcinogenesis. In addition, these findings raise questions about the role of estrogens in prostate cancer. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document