Quantity and Quality of ESRD Treatment in the United States of America

Author(s):  
J. Sadler
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Harbans L. Bhardwaj ◽  
Anwar A. Hamama

<p>Mungbean [(<em>Vigna radiata</em> (L.) R. Wilczek, Fabaceae] is becoming an important food crop in the United States of America. This crop has previously been produced in the US states of Texas and Oklahoma but this production is currently not significant. Recent efforts have established that mungbean can be easily produced in Virginia, located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States of America. However, there is a complete lack of information related to nutritional quality of mungbean produced in this region. We grew mungbean during 2012 and 2013 using two cultivars (Berken and TexSprout), two planting dates (early and late July), and two row spacings (0.375 and 0.75 m) to characterize composition of mungbean seed produced in Virginia. Mungbean seeds produced in this study averaged 1.59, 24.3, and 4.91% oil, protein, and sugars, respectively. These mungbean seeds also contained 38.8, 61.2, 5.79, and 55.1% in saturated, unsaturated, mono-unsaturated, and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, respectively. Predominant fatty acids in the mungbean seed were C16:0 (26.1%), C18:0 (6.11%), C18:2 (36.8%), and C18:3 (18.3%). Iron and zinc contents of the mungbean seed were 8.42 and 3.88 mg·100 g<sup>-1</sup>. Concentrations of fructose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose sugars in mungbean seed were 0.45, 0.30, 0.70, 0.24, 0.84, and 2.37%, respectively. Effects of cultivars, planting dates, and row spacings on mungbean seed composition were, generally, not significant. Overall, mungbean seed compared well with nutritional quality of kidney bean, pinto bean, navy bean, and tepary bean.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Harbans L. Bhardwaj ◽  
Anwar A. Hamama

Lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet], a relatively unknown crop in the United States of America, is understood to be adapted to Southern USA. Even though, previous studies conducted in Virginia have indicated that Lablab can be produced in Virginia as a forage crop, composition of lablab seed produced in Virginia is unknown. To alleviate this limitation, seeds of seventeen lablab lines from a replicated field study, that was conducted for two years, were analyzed for concentrations of fatty acids and sugars. Results indicated that genotypes had mostly significant effects on concentrations of fatty acids and sugars. Prominent fatty acids in lablab seeds, grown in Virginia (USA), were linoleic (53.5%), palmitic (15.8%), and linolenic (14.1%). Mean saturated and total unsaturated fatty acids in lablab seeds were 22.2 and 77.6%, respectively. Mean concentrations of sucrose, fructose, and glucose concentrations in lablab seed were 1.45, 0.42, and 0.78 g per 100 g meal. Mean concentrations of total non-nutritive sugars (Raffinose+Stachyose+Verbascose) in lablab seed were 4.96 g per 100 g meal. Correlations between several nutritional quality traits in lablab seed were observed to be significant. A comparison of nutritional quality of lablab seed with literature values of black bean, navy bean, kidney bean, pinto bean, and pea indicated that lablab has potential as a new food legume for United States of America.


2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-252
Author(s):  
Francisco Marcos-Marín

This is the second of two articles dealing with the epistemology of the analysis of Spanish in the Southwest of the United States of America. The content of this part is basically linguistic, with social implications, and mostly synchronic. The historical references, however, are never set aside. In the first place, it is important to make a distinction between the real melting languages and theoretical misinterpretations. English and Spanish are combined with social and literary implications in the diverse slang forms of the area: pachuco, caló, among others. Spurious interests, however, have given force to fantastic hypotheses brought to a climax by the invention of an allegedly “new” language, called Spanglish. This lexical choice is unfortunate, because it takes advantage of the existence of a more innocuous use of the word, simply referring to all forms of contact between the two languages. Four aspects are therefore mixed up and mistaken: the invention of an allegedly “new” language, in spite of a total lack of unification; the constant code-switching with different modalities and extent; the bad quality of certain translations; and the cultural relegation of Hispanics to speakers of a ghetto language. The set of two articles ends with a graphical presentation of a SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats). The conclusion refers to Judeo-Spanish and the dangers of ghetto languages, as well as to the role of education.


2021 ◽  
Vol Volume II (December 2021) ◽  
pp. 103-127
Author(s):  
Sergio Paez

Education is an investment in improving the quality of life for individuals, and therefore benefiting society in general. Education in the United States of America exemplifies a correlation between the level of an individual's education, their salary level due to those academic qualifications, and the impact they generate within themselves, their families, society, and within the nation. This contemporary study of education in the U.S. shows how a community in an urban center of Massachusetts made fundamental changes to transform the education of its students who historically experienced school failure. This exceptional case of leadership and altruism was accomplished with intensive influence from the State Government. This case can be the basis for educational initiatives that can have relevance and social impact anywhere in the world. At a global level, we can see that a society with high levels of education, based on knowledge and academic training, stands out for the multiple opportunities that arise to obtain a higher quality of life. The outcomes of a good education are beneficial to the growth of an entire society. Societies benefit from advances in technological and economic fields, health systems, construction and accessible housing, industry, commerce, and even social security.


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