scholarly journals Atypical Antipsychotic Drug Olanzapine Deregulates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Aortic Inflammation and Aggravates Atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1216-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hui Chen ◽  
Song-Kun Shyue ◽  
Chiao-Po Hsu ◽  
Tzong-Shyuan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Related Proteins

Background/Aims: Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, has therapeutic effects for schizophrenia. However, clinical reports indicate that patients taking atypical antipsychotic drugs are at high risk of metabolic syndrome with unclear mechanisms. We investigated the effect of olanzapine on atherosclerosis and the mechanisms in apolipoprotein E-null (apoE-/-) mice. Methods: ApoE-/- mice were used as in vivo models. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate protein expression. Conventional assay kits were applied to assess the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, fatty acids, glycerol, and cytokines. Results: Daily treatment with olanzapine (3 mg/kg body weight) for four weeks increased mean arterial blood pressure and the whitening of brown adipose tissue in mice. In addition, olanzapine impaired aortic cholesterol homeostasis and exacerbated hyperlipidemia and aortic inflammation, which accelerated atherosclerosis in mice. Moreover, lipid accumulation in liver, particularly total cholesterol, free cholesterol, fatty acids, and glycerol, was increased with olanzapine treatment in apoE-/- mice by upregulating the expression of de novo lipid synthesis-related proteins and downregulating that of cholesterol clearance- or very low-density lipoprotein secretion-related proteins. Conclusion: Olanzapine may exacerbate atherosclerosis by deregulating hepatic lipid metabolism and worsening hyperlipidemia and aortic inflammation.

scholarly journals Dietary DHA/EPA Ratio Changes Fatty Acid Composition and Attenuates Diet-Induced Accumulation of Lipid in the Liver of ApoE−/− Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Liu ◽  
Qinling Hu ◽  
Huihui Wu ◽  
Xiujing Wang ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Fa Composition

Diets containing various docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratios protect against liver damage in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). However, it is unclear whether these beneficial roles of DHA and EPA are associated with alterations of fatty acid (FA) composition in the liver. This study evaluated the positive impacts of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) containing different DHA/EPA ratios on HFD-induced liver disease and alterations of the hepatic FA composition. ApoE−/− mice were fed with HFDs with various ratios of DHA/EPA (2 : 1, 1 : 1, and 1 : 2) and an n-6/n-3 ratio of 4 : 1 for 12 weeks. After treatment, the serum and hepatic FA compositions, serum biochemical parameters, liver injury, and hepatic lipid metabolism-related gene expression were determined. Our results demonstrated that dietary DHA/EPA changed serum and hepatic FA composition by increasing contents of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs and decreasing amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and the n-6/n-3 ratio. Among the three DHA/EPA groups, the DHA/EPA 2 : 1 group tended to raise n-3 PUFAs concentration and lower the n-6/n-3 ratio in the liver, whereas DHA/EPA 1 : 2 tended to raise n-6 PUFAs concentration and improve the n-6/n-3 ratio. DHA/EPA supplementation reduced the hepatic impairment of lipid homeostasis, oxidative stress, and the inflammatory responses in HFD-fed mice. The DHA/EPA 2 : 1 group had lower serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher levels of adiponectin than HFD group. The DHA/EPA 1 : 2 group had elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, without significant change the expression of genes for inflammation or hepatic lipid metabolism among the three DHA/EPA groups. The results suggest that DHA/EPA-enriched diet with an n-6/n-3 ratio of 4 : 1 may reverse HFD-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to some extent by increasing n-6 and n-3 PUFAs and decreasing the amount of MUFAs and the n-6/n-3 ratio.

scholarly journals Multifaceted Interaction Between Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Lipid Metabolism in Hepatocytes: A Potential Target of Antiviral Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxuan Zhang ◽  
Ning Ling ◽  
Yu Lei ◽  
Mingli Peng ◽  
Peng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hbv Replication ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Related Proteins

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered a “metabolic virus” and affects many hepatic metabolic pathways. However, how HBV affects lipid metabolism in hepatocytes remains uncertain yet. Accumulating clinical studies suggested that compared to non-HBV-infected controls, chronic HBV infection was associated with lower levels of serum total cholesterol and triglycerides and a lower prevalence of hepatic steatosis. In patients with chronic HBV infection, high ALT level, high body mass index, male gender, or old age was found to be positively correlated with hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, mechanisms of how HBV infection affected hepatic lipid metabolism had also been explored in a number of studies based on cell lines and mouse models. These results demonstrated that HBV replication or expression induced extensive and diverse changes in hepatic lipid metabolism, by not only activating expression of some critical lipogenesis and cholesterolgenesis-related proteins but also upregulating fatty acid oxidation and bile acid synthesis. Moreover, increasing studies found some potential targets to inhibit HBV replication or expression by decreasing or enhancing certain lipid metabolism-related proteins or metabolites. Therefore, in this article, we comprehensively reviewed these publications and revealed the connections between clinical observations and experimental findings to better understand the interaction between hepatic lipid metabolism and HBV infection. However, the available data are far from conclusive, and there is still a long way to go before clarifying the complex interaction between HBV infection and hepatic lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Effect of Chain Length and Saturation of the Fatty Acids in Dietary Triglycerides on Lipid Metabolism in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaturi M. Senanayake ◽  
Harsha Hapugaswatta ◽  
Gangi Samarawickrama ◽  
Nimanthi Jayathilaka ◽  
Kapila Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Lipid Parameters

<div>Dietary fatty acids are associated with lipid health. We investigated the effect of the chain length </div><div>and the degree of saturation of fatty acids in dietary triglycerides on serum lipid profiles and </div><div>hepatic lipid metabolism in Wistar rats. Fat component of the basal diet (soybean oil) was </div><div>replaced with fats with fatty acids of different chain lengths and saturation and the serum lipids </div><div>were monitored for 150 days. Principal component (PC) analysis of serum lipid components </div><div>were related to chain length and saturation using second order polynomial regression analysis. </div><div>The combined effect of chain length and saturation on PC 1 scores were evaluated by multiple </div><div>regression analysis. Variation of lipid parameters cannot be well-explained by chain length or </div><div>saturation alone. Consistent with the formation of large amounts of lipid droplets in the liver, </div><div>expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein -2 (SREBP2) and peroxisome </div><div>proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα) involved in hepatic lipid metabolism showed </div><div>significant (P<0.05) downregulation in margarine diet group and SREBP2 in dairy butter diet </div><div>group compared to the control group. Average chain length of fatty acids in triglycerides has a </div><div>higher influence on the quality of serum lipid parameters than the average degree of saturation of </div><div>fatty acids.</div>

Effect of Chain Length and Saturation of the Fatty Acids in Dietary Triglycerides on Lipid Metabolism in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaturi M. Senanayake ◽  
Harsha Hapugaswatta ◽  
Gangi Samarawickrama ◽  
Nimanthi Jayathilaka ◽  
Kapila Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Lipid Parameters

<div>Dietary fatty acids are associated with lipid health. We investigated the effect of the chain length </div><div>and the degree of saturation of fatty acids in dietary triglycerides on serum lipid profiles and </div><div>hepatic lipid metabolism in Wistar rats. Fat component of the basal diet (soybean oil) was </div><div>replaced with fats with fatty acids of different chain lengths and saturation and the serum lipids </div><div>were monitored for 150 days. Principal component (PC) analysis of serum lipid components </div><div>were related to chain length and saturation using second order polynomial regression analysis. </div><div>The combined effect of chain length and saturation on PC 1 scores were evaluated by multiple </div><div>regression analysis. Variation of lipid parameters cannot be well-explained by chain length or </div><div>saturation alone. Consistent with the formation of large amounts of lipid droplets in the liver, </div><div>expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein -2 (SREBP2) and peroxisome </div><div>proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα) involved in hepatic lipid metabolism showed </div><div>significant (P<0.05) downregulation in margarine diet group and SREBP2 in dairy butter diet </div><div>group compared to the control group. Average chain length of fatty acids in triglycerides has a </div><div>higher influence on the quality of serum lipid parameters than the average degree of saturation of </div><div>fatty acids.</div>

Hepatic lipid metabolism response to dietary fatty acids is differently modulated by PPARα in male and female mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Morise ◽  
Charles Thomas ◽  
Jean-François Landrier ◽  
Philippe Besnard ◽  
Dominique Hermier
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Female Mice

Altered hepatic lipid metabolism in leptin-deficlent mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A546-A546
Author(s):  
D SWARTZBASILE ◽  
M GOLDBLATT ◽  
C SVATEK ◽  
M WALTERS ◽  
S CHOI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid

Prenatal programming of hepatic lipid metabolism: Sex, hormones and lifelong health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Siemienowicz ◽  
Panagiotis Filis ◽  
Chiara Talia ◽  
Jennifer Thomas ◽  
Paul Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Prenatal Programming ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid
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