Axonal Degeneration Independent of Inflammatory Activity: Is It More Intense in the Early Stages of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Disease?

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-516
Author(s):  
Vedat Cilingir ◽  
Muhammed Batur
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

<b><i>Background:</i></b> This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the axonal degeneration rate between patients in the early years of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) disease and RRMS patients in their later years. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The early-stage RRMS patients (EMS) group had 65 patients whose duration of disease was within 3 years from the date of the first attack. The late-stage RRMS patients (LMS) group had 69 patients whose duration of disease was within the range of 3–10 years from the date of the first attack. In addition, a control group was composed of 32 healthy subjects. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was monitored with spectral-domain OCT in all included patients for approximately 3 years. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The annual RNFL atrophy rate (aRNFLr) in the EMS group was −1.246 ± 0.778 μm/year, the aRNFLr in the LMS group was −0.898 ± 0.536 μm/year, and the aRNFLr was −0.234 ± 0.154 μm/year in the control group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The aRNFLr in the EMS group was significantly higher than the aRNFLr in the LMS group (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The aRNFLr was not associated with MRI activity or the condition of having an attack. There was a correlation between Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression and aRNFLr in both the EMS and LMS patient groups (<i>r</i> = −0.471, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, and <i>r</i> = −0.567, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, respectively). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The axonal degeneration rate is faster in RRMS patients in the first years of the disease than in later years. In addition, axonal degeneration occurs independently of inflammatory activity. Axonal degeneration is correlated with disability progression, but not with inflammatory findings, such as clinical episodes and MRI activity.

Perception of affective prosody in patients at an early stage of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Kraemer ◽  
Michele Herold ◽  
Jennifer Uekermann ◽  
Bernhard Kis ◽  
Irene Daum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Affective Prosody ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

scholarly journals Serum Anjiogenesis Factors of Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 Levels in Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Dönder ◽  
Hasan Hüseyin ÖZDEMİR ◽  
Hamza ASLANHAN
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽  
Angiogenesis Factors ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract Background: Several of the molecular constituent factors in the pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Neuropilins are transmembrane glycoproteins which have to be receptors for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of angiogenesis factors. The role of angiogenesis factors of Neuropilin-1 and 2 in the pathology of MS is unknown. Methods: We aimed to investigate levels of serum Neuropilin-1 and 2 in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS), and Clinically Isolated Syndrome Patients (CIS) and to investigate a correlation with, age, sex, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and relationship with immunomodulatory therapy. Serum Neuropilin-1 and 2 concentrations of 46 RRMS patients and 28 CIS patients and 45 healthy control group were analyzed. Clinical status was evaulated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Results: Neuropilin-1 and 2 concentrations matched for immumodulatuar treatment, age and sex at a group level.Neuropilin levels were found to be significantly higher in the CIS and RRMS patient’s groups compared with the control group (p˂0,001). No statistically significant difference was found between groups; age, immunmodulatuar treatment, EDSS and gender. Conclusions: Neuropilin-1 and 2 levels have been shown to increase in RRMS and CIS patients. Neuropilins, one of the factors of angiogenesis, may be effective in pathophysiology since the first period of the disease.

scholarly journals Short-term interval aerobic exercise training does not improve memory functioning in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis—a randomized controlled trial

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Baquet ◽  
Helge Hasselmann ◽  
Stefan Patra ◽  
Jan-Patrick Stellmann ◽  
Eik Vettorazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background Only few aerobic exercise intervention trials specifically targeting cognitive functioning have been performed in multiple sclerosis. Objective and Methods This randomized controlled trial with 34 patients in the intervention group (IG) (mean: 38.2 years (±9.6)) and 34 patients in the control group (CG) (mean: 39.6 years (±9.7)) aimed to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The primary outcome was verbal learning assessed by the verbal learning and memory test (VLMT). Patients were randomized to an IG or a waitlist CG. Patients in the IG exercised according to an individually tailored training schedule (with two to three sessions per week for 12 weeks). The primary analysis was carried out using the intention-to-treat (ITT) sample with ANCOVA adjusting for baseline scores. Results A total of 77 patients with RRMS were screened and 68 participants randomized (CG n = 34; IG n = 34). The sample comprised 68% females, had a mean age of 39 years, a mean disease duration of 6.3 years, and a mean expanded disability status scale of 1.8. No significant effects were detected in the ITT analysis for the primary endpoint VLMT or any other cognitive measures. Moreover, no significant treatment effects were observed for quality of life, fatigue, or depressive symptoms. Conclusion This study failed to demonstrate beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on cognition in RRMS. The trial was prospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02005237).

Multimodal evoked potentials measure and predict disability progression in early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Jung ◽  
A Beyerle ◽  
U Ziemann
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Multimodal Evoked Potentials ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

In 37 patients with early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), a multimodal EP score (mEPS) and clinical scores (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and multiple sclerosis functional composite (MSFC)) were obtained prospectively over 24 months. Changes in mEPS correlated with changes in EDSS (Spearman’s ρ = 0.69, p < 0.0001) and MSFC (ρ = –0.41, p < 0.02). Patients with relevant EDSS progression ( n = 7) showed stronger mEPS deterioration than clinically stable patients (10.8 ± 3.2 versus 1.3 ± 0.8, p < 0.005). Baseline mEPS was not significantly correlated with baseline EDSS but with EDSS after 24 months (ρ = 0.39, p < 0.02). The data suggest that serial mEPS measure and moderately predict clinically relevant disease activity in the therapeutically most relevant early stage of RRMS.

Theory of mind and empathy in patients at an early stage of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1016-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Kraemer ◽  
Michèle Herold ◽  
Jennifer Uekermann ◽  
Bernhard Kis ◽  
Jens Wiltfang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

scholarly journals Longitudinal analysis of verbal episodic memory in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Izadora Nogueira Fonte Boa ◽  
Carolina de Medeiros Rimkus ◽  
Kenia Repiso Campanholo ◽  
Samira Luisa Apóstolos Pereira ◽  
Thiago de Faria Junqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Verbal Episodic Memory

ABSTRACT Objective: A 4.5-year follow-up study was conducted to characterize baseline verbal episodic memory (VEM) and its behavior and to assess the effects of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) on this domain. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with RRMS underwent two neuropsychological assessments performed an average of 4.5 years apart. Twenty-six control participants underwent a single neuropsychological assessment. A significance level of p < 0.005 was adopted to denote a significant difference between the groups on the Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon paired statistical analyses. Results: No statistical difference was found in the results of the VEM tests between the first and second neuropsychological assessments of the patients. However, a statistical difference was evident between the patient and control groups in the results of the VEM tests. Conclusion: The patient group showed changes in the VEM relative to the control group. After approximately 4.5 years of disease, the patient performance on the VEM stabilized or improved.

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