Attacked and Shaken by a Dog: A Cause of Traumatic Brain and Carotid Injury in an Infant

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Amanda N. Stanton ◽  
Jamie Toms ◽  
Ann Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Shaken Baby Syndrome ◽  
Retinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Artery Dissection ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Delay Of Treatment

Background: Posttraumatic carotid artery dissection (PTCAD) is a common injury in motor vehicle accidents and other extension and rotation injuries, but rarely developed from being shaken vigorously. Case Description: A 7-day-old infant presented to our facility after being attacked by a large dog. Initial examination revealed multiple puncture wounds and lacerations with visible dura. Head CT demonstrated subarachnoid, intraparenchymal, and epidural hemorrhages as well as left hemispheric loss of gray-white differentiation. Thus, the patient presented similarly to shaken baby syndrome (SBS). The patient was taken emergently to the operating room for hematoma evacuation and dural repair. Postoperatively, worsened left hemispheric ischemia was noted and an MRA demonstrated a Grade IV left ICA dissection. No intervention, including anticoagulation, was sought as the stroke was determined to be complete with irreversible damage. Hospital course was complicated by worsening exam, seizures, and a retinal hemorrhage. At 2 years follow-up, the patient still has notable delays but is progressing slowly through milestones. Conclusion: Large animal attacks are a rare cause of PTCAD but may be due to the mechanism of shaking during the attack. We propose either CTA or MRA be considered as part of the initial workup in cases where an infant is attacked by a dog or other large animals, preventing delay of treatment.

Traumatic Carotid Artery Dissection and Pseudoaneurysm Treated with Endovascular Coils and Stent

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Matsuura ◽  
David Rosenthal ◽  
Hilde Jerius ◽  
Michael D. Clark ◽  
David S. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Carotid Artery Dissection ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Carotid Dissection ◽  
Pseudoaneurysm Formation ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Detachable Coils ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Purpose: To report a case of post-traumatic internal carotid artery dissection and pseudoaneurysm formation at the C-1 level successfully treated by a percutaneous endovascular technique. Methods and Results: A 20-year-old female presented 72 hours after a motor vehicle accident with incomplete occulosympathetic paresis (Horner's syndrome), carotidynia, and left-sided weakness. Arteriography confirmed the diagnosis of carotid dissection and an associated 1.5-cm × 2.5-cm pseudoaneurysm at the C-1 level. Neuroradiologists embolized the pseudoaneurysm with Guglielmi detachable coils and controlled the dissection with placement of a Wallstent. Conclusions: This report illustrates successful percutaneous endovascular treatment of a carotid dissection and pseudoaneurysm near the base of the skull.

Traumatic carotid—cavernous fistula treated by combined transarterial and transvenous coil embolization and associated cavernous internal carotid artery dissection treated with stent placement

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Men ◽  
Halil Öztürk ◽  
Baki HekimoğLu ◽  
Zeki Şekerci
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Coil Embolization ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Carotid Artery Dissection ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Carotid Cavernous Fistula ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cavernous Fistula

✓ The authors report on a case in which a carotid—cavernous fistula and an associated cavernous—carotid dissection developed in a 48-year-old man following a motor vehicle accident. The fistula was treated with coil embolization via a combined transarterial—transvenous approach. The dissected carotid artery segment was treated with a balloon-expandable stent, which restored normal caliber and hemispheric flow. There was no recurrence of the fistula and the postoperative wide patency of the carotid artery indicates that stent placement is an effective method of treating traumatic intracranial artery dissections.

scholarly journals Traumatic brain injury in dogs and cats: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 345-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
LO Dos Santos ◽  
GG Caldas ◽  
CRO Santos ◽  
DB Junior
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Crush Injuries ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic brain injury occurs frequently in dogs and cats due to motor vehicle accidents, falls and crush injuries. The primary lesion occurs at the time of injury and causes direct, irreversible damage to the brain parenchyma and vasculature. Secondary lesions occur in the minutes following the trauma due to a combination of physical and biochemical changes that lead to intracranial hypertension. Therefore, knowing the pathophysiology of the cranioencephalic trauma is essential for treatment directed at minimising secondary damage. The approach to the patient affected by traumatic brain injury is based on the ABCD of trauma, guided by the neurological examination with the aid of imaging exams and adequate therapeutic measures. The treatment of patients with cranioencephalic trauma is still in many ways controversial. For that reason, this literature review aims to address the main points regarding the pathophysiology of this disease and to describe the clinical and surgical therapeutic options currently available.

scholarly journals Unusual Posttraumatic Vascular and Cerebral Injuries in Young Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Emilia Marciuc ◽  
M. Barcan ◽  
B. Dobrovăţ ◽  
Roxana Popescu ◽  
Cornelia Tudorache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Carotid Artery Dissection ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Left Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Additional Imaging

Abstract Blunt carotid artery injury is a relatively rare but potentially lethal injury that predominantly occurs in high-impact mechanisms such as motor-vehicle collision. Any simptoms or neurological deficits following a multiple trauma patient mandates a thorough evaluation and consideration of BCI. This is a case report on two young patients with neurologic simptoms developed after blunt trauma in the cervical region. Both patients had left internal carotid artery dissection diagnosed on a CT-angiography, followed by middle cerebral artery territory infarction. Although it can be a delayed onset with no signs of vascular demage, we believe that, by implementing a protocol with additional imaging for early detection, we can prevent a devastating outcome.

scholarly journals CHALLENGING ISSUES RELATING TO COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION IN MOTOR VEHICLE INJURIES: FORENSIC MEDICAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
H. Zaritskyi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
The Moment

Motor vehicle traumas are among the most common causes of injury both in Ukraine and around the world. Comprehensive examinations enable investigating and judicial authorities to investigate and detect crimes in cases of motor accident. The purpose of the study was to identify the most common challenging issues arising during the complex expert examinations traumas caused by motor vehicle accidents (MVA) and the ways to solve them by analyzing data obtained from forensic examinations of non-survivors in motor vehicle accidents in Ukraine. Results and discussion. According to 45 complex examination reports from the State Institution «Main Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine» it was impossible to identify the position of the victims at the moment of trauma (and to identify the places the victims set in the car salon) due to the lack of primary data in 20% of the cases studied; and in only 5 cases it was possibility to establish the position of the victims at the moment of injury. Determining the location of the victim in the car, pedestrian, etc. can be only identified by characteristic and specific injuries, which are not always paid attention during the initial examination of cadavers. A lot of medical records can omit the description of some injuries (size, localization, shape, morphological features, etc.) or do not provide complete information that impedes the investigative of motor vehicle accidents. Another cause to identify the position of MVA non-survivor is inability to indicate the mechanism and sequence of damage to the car during the auto-technical expert examination. Conclusion. The study has shown that the main factors impeding the MVA investigation and clarifying the picture of event are: violation of the «Rules for conducting forensic expert examination of corpses in the forensic examination bureau» during the initial examination; the absence or poor quality description in the protocols and guidelines for the inspection of the accident scene, including physical evidence and the condition of the vehicle; the inability to establish the nature of injuries on the body of victims or non-survivors and damage to vehicles due to delays in the investigation of crimes; drawbacks in filling in and keeping medical documentation: absence or incomplete description of damage (size, shape, location, morphological features, etc.).

A Reassessment of Suicide Measurement

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Doessel ◽  
Ruth F.G. Williams ◽  
Harvey Whiteford
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Evaluation Exercise ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

Background. Concern with suicide measurement is a positive, albeit relatively recent, development. A concern with “the social loss from suicide” requires careful attention to appropriately measuring the phenomenon. This paper applies two different methods of measuring suicide data: the conventional age-standardized suicide (count) rate; and the alternative rate, the potential years of life lost (PYLL) rate. Aims. The purpose of applying these two measures is to place suicide in Queensland in a historical and comparative (relative to other causes of death) perspective. Methods. Both measures are applied to suicide data for Queensland since 1920. These measures are applied also to two “largish” causes of death and two “smaller” causes of death, i.e., circulatory diseases, cancers, motor vehicle accidents, suicide. Results. The two measures generate quite different pictures of suicide in Queensland: Using the PYLL measure, suicide is a quantitatively larger issue than is indicated by the count measure. Conclusions. The PYLL measure is the more appropriate measure for evaluation exercise of public health prevention strategies. This is because the PYLL measure is weighted by years of life lost and, thus, it incorporates more information than the count measure which implicitly weights each death with a somewhat partial value, viz. unity.

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