scholarly journals The Association between Substance Use Disorders and Long-Term Outcome of Stroke: Results from a Population-Based Study of Stroke among 450,229 Urban Citizens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sobhan Sheikh Andalibi ◽  
Amir Rezaei Ardani ◽  
Amin Amiri ◽  
Negar Morovatdar ◽  
Amirhossein Talebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Functional Dependency ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Stroke Outcomes ◽  
History Of

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Little is known regarding long-term stroke outcomes in patients with substance use disorder (SUD). Based on anecdotal data, some individuals use illicit drugs, particularly opioids, in an attempt to reduce stroke mortality, disability, or recurrence. This study is aimed to assess the effect of SUD on stroke outcomes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients were recruited from the Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study, a population-based study of stroke in Iran. For a period of 1 year, all patients with first-ever stroke (FES) were recruited and then followed up for the next 5 years. Disability and functional dependency were defined using modified Rankin Scale (&#x3e;2) and Barthel Index (&#x3c;60), respectively. We compared the cumulative rates of mortality in follow-up points using the log-rank test. We used multivariable logistic, Cox regression and competing risk models to assess adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of stroke disability, functional dependency, mortality, and recurrence among those with a history of SUD. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 595 FES patients (mean age of 64.6 ± 14.8 years) were recruited in this study. Eighty-one (13.6%) were current substance users, including opium (<i>n</i> = 68), naswar (<i>n</i> = 5, 6.1%), hashish (<i>n</i> = 1), heroin (<i>n</i> = 1), and (<i>n</i> = 7) others. The frequency of vascular risk factors was similar between the SUD and non-SUD groups, except for a higher rate of cigarette smoking in the SUD group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). After adjusting for various sociodemographic variables, vascular risk factors, and the severity of stroke at admission, SUD increased the 3-month (aHR: 1.60, CI: 1.01–2.49), 1-year (aHR: 1.73, CI: 1.20–2.65), and 5-year (aHR: 1.72, CI: 1.23–2.35) poststroke mortality risk. We did not observe a significant change in the risk of stroke recurrence, disability, and functional dependency in those with a history of SUD. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SUD increased the hazard ratio of stroke mortality with no effect on the disability rate. The public should be advised about the potential harm of substance abuse.

Prevalence of stroke in Argentina: A door-to-door population-based study (EstEPA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 174749302093276 ◽  
Author(s):  
SF Ameriso ◽  
MM Gomez-Schneider ◽  
MA Hawkes ◽  
VA Pujol-Lereis ◽  
DE Dossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background Stroke burden is highest and is still rising in low- and middle-income countries. Epidemiologic stroke data are lacking in many of these countries. Stroke prevalence in Argentina has been unexplored for almost three decades. Aim This population-based study aims to determine prevalence of stroke in a representative sample of the Argentinean population. Methods We performed a door-to-door survey of randomly selected households in a city of 18,650 inhabitants. A structured questionnaire screening for potential stroke cases was used. All subjects screened positive were then evaluated by stroke neurologists for final adjudication. Data about stroke subtypes, neurological status, vascular risk factors, medications, and diagnostic tests were also collected. Results Among 2156 surveys, 294 were screened positive for a possible stroke. After neurological evaluation, there were 41 confirmed cases. The adjusted stroke prevalence was 1,974/100,000 inhabitants older than 40 years, and it was higher in men than in women (26.3‰ vs 13.2‰, p<0.01). Prevalence of ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack were 15.8‰, 2.93‰, and 2.93‰, respectively. The most prevalent vascular risk factors in stroke survivors were hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and dyslipidemia. Conclusion Approximately 2 in every 100 subjects older than 40 years in this population are stroke survivors. Stroke prevalence in Argentina has remained stable over the last 30 years; it is higher than in most Latin American countries and similar to western populations.

scholarly journals Venous Thromboembolism and Its Risk Factors in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Israel: A Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2759
Author(s):  
Shlomit Barzilai-Birenboim ◽  
Ronit Nirel ◽  
Nira Arad-Cohen ◽  
Galia Avrahami ◽  
Miri Ben Harush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Inherited Thrombophilia ◽  
Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. The aim of this population-based study was to evaluate the rate, risk factors, and long-term sequelae of VTE in children treated for ALL. The cohort included 1191 children aged 1–19 years diagnosed with ALL between 2003–2018, prospectively enrolled in two consecutive protocols: ALL-IC BFM 2002 and AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009. VTEs occurred in 89 patients (7.5%). Long-term sequelae were uncommon. By univariate analysis, we identified four significant risk factors for VTEs: Severe hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.005), inherited thrombophilia (p < 0.001), age >10 years (p = 0.015), and high-risk ALL group (p = 0.039). In addition, the incidence of VTE was significantly higher in patients enrolled in AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009 than in those enrolled in ALL-IC BFM 2002 (p = 0.001). Severe VTE occurred in 24 children (2%), all of whom had at least one risk factor. Elevated triglyceride levels at diagnosis did not predict hypertriglyceridemia during therapy. In a multivariate analysis of 388 children, severe hypertriglyceridemia and inherited thrombophilia were independent risk factors for VTE. Routine evaluation for these risk factors in children treated for ALL may help identify candidates for intervention.

scholarly journals Natural history of benign prostatic enlargement: long-term longitudinal population-based study of prostate volume doubling times

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Lieber ◽  
Thomas Rhodes ◽  
Debra J. Jacobson ◽  
Michaela E. McGree ◽  
Cynthia J. Girman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Benign Prostatic Enlargement ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Prostatic Enlargement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Volume Doubling ◽  
Doubling Times

The Association between Inflammatory Markers in the Acute Phase of Stroke and Long-Term Stroke Outcomes: Evidence from a Population-Based Study of Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Naser Mobarra ◽  
Negar Morovatdar ◽  
Mario Di Napoli ◽  
Saverio Stranges ◽  
Reza Behrouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Stroke Outcomes

Genetic Susceptibility to Sickness Absence is Similar Among Women and Men: Findings From a Swedish Twin Cohort

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Svedberg ◽  
Annina Ropponen ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein ◽  
Jurgita Narusyte
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Best Fitting

Previous studies of risk factors for sickness absence (SA) focus primarily on psychosocial and work environmental exposures. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative contribution of genetic influences on SA among women and men. The population-based study sample of Swedish twins (34,547) included 13,743 twin pairs of known zygosity, 3,495 monozygotic, 5,073 same-sexed dizygotic, and 5,175 opposite sexed. The point prevalence of long-term SA (≥15 days) in each zygosity and sex group was calculated. The risk of SA was estimated as an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) where the odds for twins on SA to have a co-twin on SA was compared to the OR for SA in twins whose co-twin were not sickness absent. Intrapair correlations and probandwise concordance rates were calculated and standard biometrical genetic model-fitting methods were used to estimate the heritability of SA. The prevalence of SA was 8.8% (women 10.7%; men 6.5%). Intrapair similarity was higher among monozygotic than dizygotic twin pairs. The best-fitting model showed no sex differences in genetic effects or variance components contributing to SA. The heritability estimate was 36% (95% CI: 35–40%). Results suggest genetic contribution to the variation of SA and that environmental factors have an important role, for women and men. As SA seem to be influenced by genetic factors, future studies of associations between risk factors and SA should consider this potentially confounding effect.

scholarly journals Comparison of metabolic phenotypes and BMI as indicators of recurrent stroke in Chinese hospitalized stroke patients: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Huang ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhou ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Pei Gao ◽  
Long Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Integrated Discrimination Improvement ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

Abstract Background Metabolic status and body mass index (BMI) are known as apparent risk factors of recurrent stroke, but which one is more likely related to recurrent stroke remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare the metabolic phenotypes and BMI as indicators of recurrent stroke in Chinese hospitalized stroke patients. Methods In this retrospective population-based study, 856 hospitalized stroke patients from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled. Recurrent stroke was defined as newly-onset stroke patients with a history of previous stroke. Metabolic phenotypes were based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 was defined as obesity. Results Among the hospitalized stroke patients, the prevalence of recurrent stroke was 21.9%. Metabolic phenotypes rather than BMI were significantly associated with recurrent stroke. Compared with metabolically healthy patients, metabolically unhealthy ones had 72% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–2.68) increased recurrent stroke, regardless of BMI and other confounding factors. Whereas, no statistical association between BMI and recurrent stroke were found. Metabolic status improved risk prediction of recurrent stroke when adding to conventional risk factors (net reclassification index 17.6%, P = 0.0047; integrated discrimination improvement 0.7%, P = 0.014), while BMI did not. Conclusions Recurrent stroke was likely associated with poor metabolic status rather than with BMI, suggesting that controlling metabolic abnormalities could be an important method for recurrent stroke prevention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document