scholarly journals Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma: Case of a Rare Malignant Cutaneous Tumor of the Eccrine Sweat Gland

2021 ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Austin J. Jabbour ◽  
Ibrahim A. Tangoren ◽  
Andrew B. Kanik
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Papillary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Eccrine Glands ◽  
Cutaneous Tumor ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Digital papillary adenocarcinoma (DPA) is a rare cutaneous tumor originating from the eccrine sweat glands. These lesions occur almost exclusively on the digits of the hands and feet, where there is a high concentration of eccrine glands. The diagnosis is made histologically, and the course of the malignancy tends to be very aggressive with high rates of recurrence and early metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Due to the low incidence of these lesions, there have been minimal objective data from clinical studies to recommend specific treatment strategies. Wide local excision versus digital amputation proximal to the lesion has been debated for primary treatment, while there are no data to support routine implementation of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation, despite its metastatic nature. This article presents a case of long-standing, previously undiagnosed DPA. The lesion appeared more inconspicuous on gross examination than other reports in the literature, and diagnosis was made with punch biopsy and confirmed postsurgically. To date, the patient has not had recurrence, although she is being monitored for potential metastatic deposits in her lungs. Clinical dermatologists should be aware of the high mortality burden this lesion may inflict if left undiagnosed or mistreated.

scholarly journals A genetic basis of variation in eccrine sweat gland and hair follicle density

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (32) ◽  
pp. 9932-9937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana G. Kamberov ◽  
Elinor K. Karlsson ◽  
Gerda L. Kamberova ◽  
Daniel E. Lieberman ◽  
Pardis C. Sabeti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Gland ◽  
Eccrine Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Among the unique features of humans, one of the most salient is the ability to effectively cool the body during extreme prolonged activity through the evapotranspiration of water on the skin’s surface. The evolution of this novel physiological ability required a dramatic increase in the density and distribution of eccrine sweat glands relative to other mammals and a concomitant reduction of body hair cover. Elucidation of the genetic underpinnings for these adaptive changes is confounded by a lack of knowledge about how eccrine gland fate and density are specified during development. Moreover, although reciprocal changes in hair cover and eccrine gland density are required for efficient thermoregulation, it is unclear if these changes are linked by a common genetic regulation. To identify pathways controlling the relative patterning of eccrine glands and hair follicles, we exploited natural variation in the density of these organs between different strains of mice. Quantitative trait locus mapping identified a large region on mouse Chromosome 1 that controls both hair and eccrine gland densities. Differential and allelic expression analysis of the genes within this interval coupled with subsequent functional studies demonstrated that the level of En1 activity directs the relative numbers of eccrine glands and hair follicles. These findings implicate En1 as a newly identified and reciprocal determinant of hair follicle and eccrine gland density and identify a pathway that could have contributed to the evolution of the unique features of human skin.

Methylcholine-activated eccrine sweat gland density and output as a function of age

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1082-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Kenney ◽  
S. R. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Active Gland ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

The purpose of this investigation was to examine eccrine sweat gland responsiveness to intradermal injections of methylcholine (MCh) across three age groups of men [young (Y) = 22-24; middle (M) = 33-40; older (O) = 58-67 yr old, n = 5 per group]. Subjects were matched with respect to maximum O2 consumption, body size, and body composition, and were thoroughly heat acclimated before participation. Randomly ordered concentrations of acetyl-beta-methylcholine chloride ranging from 0% (saline) to 0.1% (5 x 10(-3) M) were injected into the skin of the dorsal thigh in a thermoneutral environment, and activated sweat glands were photographed at 30-s intervals for the next 8 min. Density of MCh-activated glands was independent of both age and [MCh] (e.g., 2 min after injection of 5 x 10(-3) M [MCh]: Y = 45 +/- 7, M = 46 +/- 12, O = 42 +/- 5 glands/cm2). However, sweat gland output (SGO) per active gland was significantly lower for the O group and failed to increase with increasing [MCh] above 5 x 10(-4) M. When MCh (5 x 10(-3) M) was injected after 1 h of exercise in the heat, higher SGO's were elicited in each group; however, the SGO of the O group was again significantly lower than that of the Y group (91 +/- 11 vs. 39 +/- 4 ng/gland, P less than 0.02) with the M group intermediate (69 +/- 11 nl/gland; 2 min postinjection data).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Individual variations in structure and function of human eccrine sweat gland

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (2) ◽  
pp. R203-R208 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sato ◽  
F. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
And Function ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

The mechanisms underlying variations in perspiration rate at the glandular level are still poorly understood. Human eccrine sweat glands were dissected from the back of 12 adults, cannulated, and stimulated in vitro with methacholine (Mch). The maximal sweat rate and pKA for Mch determined from the dose-response curve for each individual were compared with the anatomic dimensions of the isolated secretory tubules. There was significant correlation between Mch sensitivity (pKA) and the size of the sweat gland, sweat rate per gland, sweat rate per unit length of the secretory tubule, and sweat rate per unit glandular volume. The sweat glands from individuals judged to be poor sweaters exhibited smaller size, lower secretory activity both in vivo and in vitro, and decreased Mch sensitivity compared with glands from physically fit individuals. We conclude that the increased Mch sensitivity and glandular hypertrophy are the two important features of functionally active sweat glands and infer that these parameters could improve as a result of acclimatization to physical exercise and/or heat.

Carcinoma del conducto ecrino recidivante. A propósito de un caso.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica García Yllán ◽  
Lic. María Llorca Clímens
Keyword(s):  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regulate Body Temperature ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Key Words Case Report ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Eccrine sweat glands are widely distributed throughout the body and regulate body temperature in respond to cholinergic stimuli. Eccrine sweat gland carcinomas are rare and were first described by Cornil in 1865. Their incidence is 1% of all cutaneous malignancies, and the wide range of histological appearances and their similarity to metastatic carcinomas have generated uncertainties and controversies for many years regarding its diagnosis, biological behavior, and treatment. We present the case of a patient with eccrine duct carcinoma of the knee that recurred four years after her first excision. Key words: case report, eccrine sweat glands, eccrine duct carcinoma, cutaneous malignancies

Effect of VIP on sweat secretion and cAMP accumulation in isolated simian eccrine glands

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (6) ◽  
pp. R935-R941 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sato ◽  
F. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Camp Level ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Camp Accumulation ◽  
Eccrine Glands ◽  
Sweat Secretion ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Although vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerves have been identified around the eccrine sweat glands, their functional significance is unknown. We found that VIP evokes eccrine sweat secretion in isolated monkey palm eccrine sweat glands in vitro as profusely as does isoproterenol (Iso), however, at concentrations two orders of magnitude lower than that of Iso. Like Iso sweating, the VIP sweating was relatively insensitive to removal of Ca2+ from the medium. The time course of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in the secretory coil paralleled that of sweat secretion. However, unlike Iso stimulations, both VIP-induced cAMP level and VIP sweat rate markedly declined with time. The attenuation of VIP sweat rate was reversed by forskolin and by theophylline, suggesting that the attenuation is caused partially by desensitization of the receptor-cyclase complex and/or by cAMP breakdown by phosphodiesterase. Forskolin stimulated the VIP-induced cAMP level more than can be expected from a simple additive effect. The sudorific effects of a submaximal concentration of VIP (6 X 10(-9) M) and that of methacholine (MCh) (10(-8) M) were only additive. The VIP-induced cAMP level was markedly augmented by MCh and further enhanced by Iso with or without theophylline. Thus the most salient biochemical consequence of the VIP-ergic component of sweat gland innervation is to induce synergistic amplification of tissue cAMP accumulation. The functional significance of synergistically accumulated cAMP in physiological eccrine sweating remains to be studied.

scholarly journals Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma of the Hand Presenting as a Felon

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Justin R. Bryant ◽  
Preston Gardner ◽  
Matthew Yousif ◽  
John C. Pui ◽  
Raymond T. Hajjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Papillary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma is a rare eccrine sweat gland malignancy that is frequently misdiagnosed at initial presentation. Histologically, this tumor is similar in appearance to many adenocarcinomas and as such may be diagnosed as a metastatic lesion. We present the case of a patient with digital papillary adenocarcinoma, which was initially diagnosed as a felon. No consensus has been published regarding the treatment of this disease. A review of the diagnosis, pathology, treatment, and adjunctive treatments of aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma are also included.

scholarly journals Eccrine Sweat Gland and Its Regeneration: Current Status and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Lin ◽  
Liyun Chen ◽  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Sitian Xie ◽  
Lijie Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Development Structure ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Eccrine sweat glands (ESGs) play an important role in temperature regulation by secreting sweat. Insufficiency or dysfunction of ESGs in a hot environment or during exercise can lead to hyperthermia, heat exhaustion, heatstroke, and even death, but the ability of ESGs to repair and regenerate themselves is very weak and limited. Repairing the damaged ESGs and regenerating the lost or dysfunctional ESGs poses a challenge for dermatologists and bum surgeons. To promote and accelerate research on the repair and regeneration of ESGs, we summarized the development, structure and function of ESGs, and current strategies to repair and regenerate ESGs based on stem cells, scaffolds, and possible signaling pathways involved.

Sweat secretion by human axillary apoeccrine sweat gland in vitro

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. R181-R187 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sato ◽  
F. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Clear Fluid ◽  
Apocrine Glands ◽  
Sweat Secretion ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Functional characteristics of isolated single human axillary apoeccrine sweat glands have been studied using in vitro sweat induction methods. Sustained copious clear fluid secretion was evoked by methacholine (MCh), epinephrine (EP), isoproterenol (ISO), and phenylephrine (PL) in decreasing order in a pharmacologically specific manner. Apoeccrine glands showed a higher cholinergic sensitivity than eccrine sweat glands, as shown by the apparent association constant for MCh of 2.7 X 10(-7) M compared with 2.1 X 10(-6) M for the axillary eccrine sweat gland. The average total sweat rate of the apoeccrine gland for a 30-min period was sevenfold higher than that of the eccrine sweat gland. In contrast, isolated apocrine glands showed intermittent pulsatile turbid sweat secretion in response to MCh or EP. The Na+ and K+ concentration of apoeccrine glands was nearly isotonic, whereas those of apocrine sweat was 120-140 mM for Na+ and 10-20 mM for K+. Apoeccrine ductal Na+ absorption was also observed in the apoeccrine glands and was no more efficient than that of the axillary eccrine sweat gland. Thus apoeccrine sweat glands are functionally and pharmacologically distinct from axillary apocrine glands and significantly contribute to overall axillary sweating in humans.

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