scholarly journals Suicide Ideation, School Absenteeism and Physical Violence among Secondary School Students in Kampala, Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Samuel Sendagala ◽  
John Senkusu ◽  
George William Lubwama ◽  
Danstan Bagenda ◽  
Micheal Muyonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
School Absenteeism ◽  
School Students ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serious Injury

<p><span lang="EN-US">School youth in many African countries face a range of non-infectious health risks, in addition to the infectious disease burden typical in resource-limited settings. We examined self-reported health behaviors associated with suicide ideation, school absenteeism and physical violence among secondary school students in Kampala, Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional three-stage cluster-based survey among students aged &gt;=15 years, and/or enrolled in forms 3–6 (grades 9-12) in 54 secondary schools in Kampala. Interview data were collected with a standardised electronic questionnaire through computer-assisted self-interviewing and results were weighted for sample design and non-response. Pearson’s chi-square and logistic regression methods were used for bivariate and multivariate analysis respectively. Bullying among female respondents was positively associated with suicide ideation (aOR=1.73). In multivariate analysis, suicidal ideation was positively associated with a lifetime exposure to illicit drug use (aOR=1.76), serious injury (aOR=1.67) or school absenteeism (aOR=1.46). School absenteeism was positively associated with serious injury (aOR=1.59), history of alcohol consumption (aOR=1.55), bullying (aOR=1.52) and suicide ideation (aOR=1.45). Serious injury (aOR=2.89), a life-time history of illicit drug use (aOR=2.65), recent history of having been bullied (aOR=2.38), physical activity (aOR=2.12), suicide ideation (aOR=1.58), school absenteeism (aOR=1.57) were associated with having been engaged in physical violence. Bullying, serious injury and illicit drug use were associated with suicidal ideation, school absenteeism and physical violence. Concerted efforts should be considered by education authorities, parents and the community to tackle these risky behaviors.  </span></p>

scholarly journals Students in danger: Binge drinking behaviour and associated factors in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
Anita Lukács ◽  
Andrea Szabó ◽  
Edina Horváth ◽  
Zsuzsanna Máté ◽  
Csaba Erdős ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
University Students ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Drinking Behaviour ◽  
School Students

Abstract Introduction Among young adults, high rates of binge drinking were observed in certain European countries. Binge drinking is associated with several health problems (unplanned pregnancy, HIV infections, problems with memory, and injuries). The aim of this questionnaire-based study was to measure the frequency of binge drinking and its association with sociodemographic, familial, lifestyle factors and school performance among secondary and university students (n=2449) in Csongrád County, Hungary. Methods In this cross-sectional study the students’ sociodemographic data, parents’ educational and economic level, and students’ academic performance and self-reported use of tobacco, drugs, and alcohol were collected by a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were applied using SPSS 24.0 software. Results Altogether 2449 Hungarian secondary school students and university students participated in the study. Nearly one-third of the students were classified as binge drinkers, significantly more male university students. Tobacco or illicit drug use resulted in higher odds of being a binge drinker in both subgroups. Poor school performance and binge drinking were significantly correlated especially among secondary school students. Conclusions Targeting alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use together, including education, parent interventions, and public health policies, are crucial in the prevention of possible serious consequences.

scholarly journals Recent illicit drug use among psychiatric patients in Brazil: a national representative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Almeida Nahas ◽  
Ana Paula Souto Melo ◽  
Francine Cournos ◽  
Karen Mckinnon ◽  
Milton Wainberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVE To estimate factors associated to illicit drug use among patients with mental illness in Brazil according to gender. METHODS A cross-sectional representative sample of psychiatric patients (2,475 individuals) was randomly selected from 11 hospitals and 15 public mental health outpatient clinics. Data on self-reported illicit drug use and sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics were obtained from face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations with recent illicit drug use. RESULTS The prevalence of any recent illicit drug use was 11.4%. Men had higher prevalence than women for all substances (17.5% and 5.6%, respectively). Lower education, history of physical violence, and history of homelessness were associated with drug use among men only; not professing a religion was associated with drug use in women only. For both men and women, younger age, current hospitalization, alcohol and tobacco use, history of incarceration, younger age at sexual debut, and more than one sexual partner were statistically associated with illicit drug use. CONCLUSIONS Recent illicit drug use among psychiatric patients is higher than among the general Brazilian population and it is associated with multiple factors including markers of psychiatric severity. Our data indicate the need for the development of gender-based drug-use interventions among psychiatric patients in Brazil. Integration of substance use treatment strategies with mental health treatment should be a priority.

Outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with a history of illicit drug use

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praphul Misra ◽  
Gloria C. Caldito ◽  
Aman K. Kakkar ◽  
Mary C. Mancini ◽  
Pratap C. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
History Of

Association between tobacco use and symptom expression, alcoholism, and illicit drug use in patients with advanced cancer.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
YuJung Kim ◽  
Rony Dev ◽  
Akhila Sunkepally Reddy ◽  
David Hui ◽  
Gary B. Chisholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Pain Expression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers

154 Background: Our aim was to determine the association between smoking status and symptom expression, opioid use, alcoholism, and illicit drug use in advanced cancer patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 560 consecutive charts from the outpatient Supportive Care Center and identified 300 advanced cancer patients who completed a comprehensive smoking questionnaire. Data on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD), CAGE (Cut Down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye Opener) questionnaire for alcoholism screening, and history of illicit drug use were collected. Results: Among 300 advanced cancer patients, 119 (40%) were never-smokers, 148 (49%) were former smokers, and 33 (11%) were current smokers. Compared with never-smokers, current smokers were more likely to be men (58% vs. 29%, P=0.004), report a higher pain expression (median 7.0 vs. 5.0 by the ESAS, P=0.007), be CAGE positive (≥2 yes response) (42% vs. 3%, P<0.001), and have a history of illicit drug use (33% vs. 3%, P<0.001). Compared with never-smokers, former smokers were more likely to be men (60% vs. 29%, P<0.001), have head and neck cancer or lung cancer (30% vs. 13%, P=0.001), be CAGE positive (21% vs. 3%, P<0.001), and have a history of illicit drug use (16% vs. 3%, P<0.001). Current smokers reported a higher pain expression than former smokers (median 7.0 vs. 6.0 by the ESAS, P=0.01), had higher CAGE positivity (42% vs. 21%, P=0.01) and more frequent illicit drug use (33% vs. 16%, P=0.03). The MEDD and the timing of palliative care referral were not significantly different between current or former smokers compared with never-smokers. However, a higher proportion of current smokers were receiving opioids with MEDD ≥30mg at the time of palliative care consultation compared with never-smokers (70% vs. 52%, P=0.08). Conclusions: Our study suggests that current tobacco use is associated with a higher pain expression. In addition, any history of tobacco use is associated with a history of illicit drug use and alcoholism. Advanced cancer patients who smoked cigarettes may be at an increased risk for chemical coping or stronger opioid utilization and further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Auditory skill analysis of a group of subjects with history of illicit drug use

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-693
Author(s):  
Daniela de Lucas Rosseto ◽  
Silvana Cristina Ribeiro ◽  
Mônica Pires de Castro Mendonça ◽  
José Antônio A. de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Cláudia Mirândola Barbosa Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Skill Analysis

Testing a General Theory of Drug Abuse and other Deviant Adaptations

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard B. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
History Of

I present an outline of the current state of an evolving general theory of deviant behavior, particularly as it applies to the explanation of the onset and continuity or change in level of involvement in illicit drug use. Self-derogation remains a central organizing concept in the theory. The need for self-approval disposes a person to illicit drug use, depending upon the social evaluation of this pattern in the person's membership/reference groups and the history of net self-enhancing/self-devaluing experiences in these groups. The initiation of illicit drug use is a function of circumstances influencing the opportunities for, and the self-evaluative relevance of anticipated consequences of, the illicit drug use. The continuity of the illicit drug use is a function of the self-evaluative relevance of the perceived consequences of initial drug use, and of changes in the circumstances that provide opportunities for and redefine the self-evaluative relevance of normative standards. The results of recent multivariate analyses are described. These results point to the usefulness of the theory both as a guide for research and as a framework for integrating the results of multivariate analyses estimating the onset and continuity or changes in level of involvement in illicit drug use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document