scholarly journals Occurrence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sheep of the Guarapuava region, Paraná, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Janaína Menegazzo Gheller ◽  
Rafael Carniel ◽  
Adriano Oliveira de Torres Carrasco ◽  
Meire Christina Seki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Neospora Caninum

A toxoplasmose e neosporose são doenças que podem afetar os animais de produção causando perdas econômicas significativas. Sabendo disso, foram determinados os fatores de risco e a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Neospora caninum em 81 ovinos de sete propriedades da região de Guarapuava, Paraná, Brasil. A pesquisa de anticorpos foi realizada por meio da Reação de Imunofluorêscencia Indireta (RIFI) e foi observada uma frequência de 40,74% para T. gondii e de 3,70% para N. caninum. Os fatores de risco pressupostos para ambas as infecções foram: o contato direto dos ovinos com felinos, para T. gondii, e com cães para N. caninum, presença de aborto no rebanho e o acesso de outras espécies animais ao mesmo bebedouro dos ovinos. Por meio do Teste Exato de Fisher foram calculados o IC (95%), Odds ratio e o valor de p, os quais não revelaram associação entre a ocorrência de anticorpos e os fatores de riscos analisados. Pode-se afirmar que os protozoários T. gondii e N. caninum estão presentes entre os rebanhos de ovinos dessa região.

scholarly journals Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seropositivity in buffaloes in Paraiba State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Camila de Sousa Bezerra ◽  
Vinicius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract The aims of this survey were to determine the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and to identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity among buffaloes in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. This survey included 136 buffaloes belonging to 14 herds. To detect anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Among the 136 samples analyzed, 17 (12.5%) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies with titers ranging from 64 to 1,024, and 26 (19.1%) for anti-N. caninum with titers from 200 to 1,600. Animals seropositive for both T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 10 of the 14 herds (71.4%). Semi-intensive management systems (odds ratio = 2.99) and presence of pigs (odds ratio = 4.33) were identified as risk factors for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. It can be suggested that T. gondii and N. caninum are widespread in buffaloes in Paraíba, and that additional surveys are needed in order to ascertain the importance of these agents for this species and for pigs, and the influence of the farming type on occurrences of seropositive animals.

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in goats of Maranhão State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 100634
Author(s):  
Arlan Araújo Rodrigues ◽  
Sara Silva Reis ◽  
Elinalva da Silva Moraes ◽  
José Gracione do Nascimento Souza Filho ◽  
Maria Helena dos Santos Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of Neospora caninum infection in ovine flocks of central-western Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Manuel Romo-Gallegos ◽  
Carlos Cruz-Vázquez ◽  
Leticia Medina-Esparza ◽  
Miguel Ramos-Parra ◽  
Dora Romero-Salas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
The Mean

This study, carried out in 13 sheep flocks of central-western Mexico, aimed to identify the prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies, to develop a risk analysis of the infection and to estimate the prevalence of parasite DNA in blood. A total of 368 serum and blood samples were subjected to ELISA and PCR tests, respectively, and the association between the prevalence of antibodies and some management factors was estimated. The overall prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 13.5% [50/368; 95% confidence interval (CI) 10–17], ranging from 2.7 to 90% per flock, and 92% of the farms had seropositive animals. In ewes the prevalence was 14% (48/348, 95% CI 10–17) and in rams 10% (2/20; 95% CI 1– 33). The mean prevalence of Neospora DNA in blood was 27% (99/368, 95% CI 22–31), implying a range between 16 and 82%. In rams, the prevalence was 5% (1/20 95% CI 2–26), while in ewes it was 28% (98/348, 95% CI 23–33). The agreement between the tests was k = 0.19. The presence of other domestic animal species in the farms [odds ratio (OR) 4.4] and the consumption of placental debris, fetuses and stillborn lambs by dogs living in the farms (OR 5.8) were demonstrated to be risk factors.

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in cattle in Central India

2021 ◽  
pp. 102514
Author(s):  
Bhavana K. Hebbar ◽  
Pallabi Mitra ◽  
Waqar Khan ◽  
Sandeep Chaudhari ◽  
Shilpshri Shinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Central India ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii in sheep in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érico Luís de Barros Correia ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos ◽  
Sérgio Santos de Azevedo ◽  
Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Seropositive Animal ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

The aims of this survey were to determine the flock-level and animal-level prevalences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sheep in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, and to identify risk factors. Blood samples were collected from 540 sheep in 63 flocks in 14 municipalities in the Sertão mesoregion. To serologically diagnose T. gondiiinfection, the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Flocks with at least one seropositive animal were considered positive. Among the 63 flocks, 28 (44.44%) were positive, and 60 (11.11%) of the 540 animals were seropositive. Variable flock size > 25 animals was identified as a risk factor (odds ratio = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.09 – 9.34; P = 0.033). The results from this survey demonstrate that T. gondii is spread among sheep in the State of Paraíba.

scholarly journals Risk factors involved in transmission of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection in rabbit farms in Northern Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Machacova ◽  
Eva Bártová ◽  
Kamil Sedlak ◽  
Marie Budikova ◽  
Alessandra Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Caninum Infection

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leishmania spp. infections and risk factors for cats from Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Marinho Dourado Coelho ◽  
Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Juliana de Carvalho Apolinário ◽  
Natalia Marinho Dourado Coelho ◽  
Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Leishmania Spp

scholarly journals Risk factors and anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibody occurrence in dogs in João Pessoa, Paraíba state, Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽  
José Givanildo da Silva ◽  
Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista Santos ◽  
Rinaldo Aparecido Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Caninum Antibody ◽  
The City

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of infections due to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum and corresponding risk factors among dogs attended at veterinary clinics in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 384 dogs that were attended at 34 veterinary clinics between April 2015 and May 2016. These two agents were diagnosed through the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFAT). Among the 384 animals evaluated, 37 (9.6%) were positive for T. gondii, with titers ranging from 16 to 512. Six dogs (1.6%) were positive for N. caninum, with titers of 50 to 200. Access to the streets (OR = 4.60; 95% CI = 1.74-12.20) and environments close to forested areas (OR = 2.79; 95% CI = 1.32-5.93) were found to be risk factors for T. gondii infection. The dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa are exposed to infections caused by T. gondii and N. caninum. Dog owners should avoid having access to the street or contact with forest environments.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among healthy blood donors in two locations in Tunisia and associated risk factors

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Arwa Lachkhem ◽  
Ibtissem Lahmar ◽  
Lokman Galal ◽  
Oussama Babba ◽  
Habib Mezhoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Birth Place ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that can be transmitted to humans through a variety of routes including blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and associated risk factors in healthy blood donors in Tunisia. A total of 800 healthy blood donors from two blood centers in south and coastal Tunisia were analyzed for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA), respectively. Structured questionnaires were used to gather information on risk factors for T. gondii infection during collection. The overall seroprevalence was 44.4% of which 352 (44%) and 3 (0.4%) were positive for IgG and both IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was significantly associated with the birth place (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49–4.94) and the age of the donors (adjusted OR = 4.98; 95% CI: 1.50–16.58) which are independent risk factors. In addition, the variables of hand washing before eating (adjusted OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.37–0.74) and living in an urban environment (adjusted OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13–0.71) are two protective factors. This study provided the first data on the seroprevalence and epidemiology of T. gondii infection in healthy blood donors in Tunisia.

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