scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii in sheep in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érico Luís de Barros Correia ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos ◽  
Sérgio Santos de Azevedo ◽  
Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Seropositive Animal ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

The aims of this survey were to determine the flock-level and animal-level prevalences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sheep in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, and to identify risk factors. Blood samples were collected from 540 sheep in 63 flocks in 14 municipalities in the Sertão mesoregion. To serologically diagnose T. gondiiinfection, the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Flocks with at least one seropositive animal were considered positive. Among the 63 flocks, 28 (44.44%) were positive, and 60 (11.11%) of the 540 animals were seropositive. Variable flock size > 25 animals was identified as a risk factor (odds ratio = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.09 – 9.34; P = 0.033). The results from this survey demonstrate that T. gondii is spread among sheep in the State of Paraíba.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii antibodies on domiciled cats from Lages municipality, Santa Catarina State, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Dalla Rosa ◽  
Anderson Barbosa de Moura ◽  
Natascha Trevisani ◽  
Alessandra Pereira Medeiros ◽  
Amélia Aparecida Sartor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

Sera were collected from 300 domiciled cats from the municipality of Lages, Southern Brazil, to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and risk factors associated. Tests for T. gondii antibodies were performed using indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Positive reactions with titers >1:64 were found in 43 (14.33%) cats. A significant number of seropositive cats were >6 month old (p = 0.03758) and had access to the streets or/and rural areas (p = 0.04185). The results indicate that T. gondii is widespread in cats in Lages with a prevalence of 14.33%.

scholarly journals Epidemiological analysis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Chaves Lúcio ◽  
Juliana De Lima Pimentel ◽  
Saruanna Millena Dos Santos Clemente ◽  
Luenda Menezes Novaes Sá ◽  
Júnior Mário Baltazar Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Seropositive Animal ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sheep from the Agreste and Sertão regions of Pernambuco in Brazil and to analyze the risk factors associated with T. gondii infection. A total of 250 sheep from 14 sheep farms across the state of Pernambuco were used as samples. Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) was used for the detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies, adopting a cut-off dilution of 1:64. In order to determine risk factors, farm owners were subjected to a questionnaire form enquiring about the aspects of operational hygiene and sanitary systems. Thirty-four of the 250 samples (13.60%, 95% CI= 9.61% - 18.48%) in the study were determined to be positive, and 10 out of 14 (71.42%) of the sheep farms showed at least one seropositive animal. Titers for the 34 positive samples presented 8 samples at 64 (23.53%), 3 at 128 (8.82%), 3 at 256 (8.82%), 13 at 512 (38.23%), and 7 at 1024 (20.60%). After regression logistics, only the supply of silage (p= 0.009; OR=2.79, CI 95%= 1.29 - 6.0) was confirmed as a risk factor. The study was able to conclude that infection with T. gondii was prevalent in the sampled sheep farms in the state of Pernambuco, and that it was imperative to adopt preventive measures in order to effectively curb the identified risk factors.

scholarly journals Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seropositivity in buffaloes in Paraiba State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Camila de Sousa Bezerra ◽  
Vinicius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract The aims of this survey were to determine the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and to identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity among buffaloes in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. This survey included 136 buffaloes belonging to 14 herds. To detect anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Among the 136 samples analyzed, 17 (12.5%) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies with titers ranging from 64 to 1,024, and 26 (19.1%) for anti-N. caninum with titers from 200 to 1,600. Animals seropositive for both T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 10 of the 14 herds (71.4%). Semi-intensive management systems (odds ratio = 2.99) and presence of pigs (odds ratio = 4.33) were identified as risk factors for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. It can be suggested that T. gondii and N. caninum are widespread in buffaloes in Paraíba, and that additional surveys are needed in order to ascertain the importance of these agents for this species and for pigs, and the influence of the farming type on occurrences of seropositive animals.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with seropositivity for Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs in the state of Paraiba, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annielle Regina da Fonseca Fernandes ◽  
Carla Lauise Rodrigues Menezes Pimenta ◽  
Ivana Fernandes Vidal ◽  
Gabriela Capriogli Oliveira ◽  
Raissa Saran Sartori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
Leishmania Spp

Abstract The aim of this survey was to determine the seropositivity and risk factors forLeishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. A total of 1,043 dogs were tested, and the serological diagnoses of Chagas disease (CD) and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was performed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Animals that tested seropositive for both diseases (by IFAT) were further subjected to ELISA. Of the 1,043 dogs 81 (7.8%; 95% CI = 6.1-9.4%) tested seropositive for Leishmania spp., while 83 were seropositive for T. cruzi (7.9%; 95% CI = 6.3-9.6%). Simultaneous serological reactions were detected in 49 animals (4.6%; 95% CI= 3.6-6.2%). Semi-domiciled housing (OR = 2.044), free housing (OR = 4.151), and soil (OR = 3.425) and soil/cement (OR = 3.065) environmental conditions were identified as risk factors for CVL seropositivity. The risk factors identified for CD seropositivity were semi-domiciled (OR = 2.353) or free housing (OR = 3.454), and contact with bovine (OR = 2.015). This study revealed the presence of dogs in the Paraíba State seropositive for CVL and CD, suggesting the need for revisiting and intensification of disease control measures through constant monitoring of the canine population.

scholarly journals Frequency of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in bovines in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neurisvan Ramos Guerra ◽  
Bruno Henrique Leal e Silva Alves ◽  
Márcia Paula Oliveira Farias ◽  
Rinaldo Aparecido Mota ◽  
Leucio Câmara Alves
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii that affects homeothermic animals, including humans. Felines are considered the definitive host of this parasite, while other animals act as intermediate hosts. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies in bovines in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Serum samples (n = 427) from animals in 13 municipalities of the coastal forest/plantation region of the state were analyzed using the immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall results revealed a prevalence rate of 16.63% (27/427). High percentages of positivity were found among animals aged 25 to 36 months (28.57%; 30/42) and in males (22.22%; 2/9). The present findings suggest that bovine toxoplasmosis is endemic in the area under study.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with BoHV-1 and BVDV seropositivity in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from the State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leise Gomes Fernandes ◽  
Carla Lauise Rodrigues Menezes Pimenta ◽  
Edviges Maristela Pituco ◽  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Sérgio Santos de Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Factors Associated

This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BoHV-1) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infections in buffaloes in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, using 136 female buffaloes ? 24 months old from 14 herds. For the serological diagnosis of the BoHV-1 and BVDV infections, the virus-neutralization test (VN) was used and in each herd, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied in order to obtain data to be used in the risk factor analysis. Of the 136 animals 86 (63.2%) were positive for BoHV-1 and 12 (8.8%) for BVDV. The presence of watering points (odds ratio = 17.68; 95% CI = 3.74 – 83.04) was identified as risk factor for BoHv-1, and animal purchasing was a risk factor for both BoHV-1 (odds ratio = 68.64; 95% CI = 12.28 – 383.73) and BVDV (odds ratio = 3.64; 95% CI = 1.04 – 12.76). The results from the present study showed an evidence of the presence of BoHV-1 and BVDV infections in buffaloes from the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. It is suggested that control and prevention measures should be adopted, such as the use of diagnostic tests prior to animal purchasing and the use of vaccines to avoid the introduction of infected animals into the herds and the consequent dissemination of the infections, minimizing economic losses.

scholarly journals Occurrence of antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii among sheltered and free-roaming cats within a university campus

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3Supl1) ◽  
pp. 1685-1694
Author(s):  
Louise Bach Kmetiuk ◽  
◽  
Maysa Pellizzaro ◽  
Ana Carolina Yamakawa ◽  
Juliana Cristina Rebonato Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Prey Consumption ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Infected Prey ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

The present study aimed to assess anti-T. gondii antibodies in sheltered and free-roaming cats within a university campus that has an overlapping population of humans and livestock. A total of 51 cats were tested for anti-T. gondii antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Overall, 8/51 cats (15.7%) were seropositive. Cats were more likely to be seropositive when free-roaming (p= 0.008) and with presence of skin lesions (p= 0.042), and less likely with < 1 year of age (p= 0.021), probably due to higher environmental exposure and infected prey consumption. The presence of seropositive free-roaming cats whose areas overlapped those occupied by humans and livestock may suggest an increased on-campus chance of T. gondii occurrence.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in goats in the State of Paraíba, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista Santos ◽  
Sérgio Santos de Azevedo ◽  
Herbert Sousa Soares ◽  
Severino Silvano dos Santos Higino ◽  
Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Seropositive Animal

A cross-sectional study based on planned sampling was carried out to determine flock-level risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii antibody prevalence in dairy goat flocks in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Serum samples from 975 adult dairy goats from 110 flocks were examined by indirect immonufluorescent antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off point at 1:64 dilution. From the 110 flocks, 77 presented at least one seropositive animal, corresponding to a prevalence of 70% (95% CI: 60.5-78.4%). Out of the 975 animals, 177 (18.1%; 95% CI = 15.8-20.7%) tested positive. The presence of toxic plants (OR = 5.11; P = 0.045) and the fact that goat breeding is not the main activity on the farm (OR = 3.34; P = 0.014) were identified as risk factors. The results of the present study showed evidence of the presence of T. gondii infection in dairy goats from a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil using planned sampling. Further studies are needed to elucidate the importance of the identified risk factors in the epidemiology of the infection.

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