scholarly journals Phenology and seed germination of the Indian Screw Tree Helicteres isora L. (Malvales: Malvaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 11040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariappan Muthukumar ◽  
Thiruppathi Senthil Kumar ◽  
Mandali Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Helicteres Isora ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Mature Seeds

Helicteres isora L. (Malvaceae), a medicinally important tree species used in Ayurveda as well as by folklore practitioners, is studied for its phenology, associated problems with the environment and anthropogenic effects.  In Helicteres isora, flower buds are initiated by the end of July and flowering occurs during the middle of August to late October.  Fruits mature during late January to early April.  In between various factors like blister beetles, unidentified worms, deficit rainfall, early summer affect the flowering and seed setting, which cause 35–45 % loss.  Seed viability of mature seeds were recorded 88.2% at fresh collection and decreases over period of time. In vitro, among the various treatments, acid treated seeds (H2SO4, 98.0%; 1 min) resulted in the best germination response of 84.5%.  Sterile wet cotton soaked with sterile distilled water was found suitable for germination compared to other substratum, while half-strength MS medium with 2.0% sucrose was suitable for seedling development.

scholarly journals In vitro Embryo Morphogenesis and Micropropagation of Dendrobium aggregatum Roxb.

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Musharof Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Multiple Shoot Buds ◽  
Half Strength

In vitro embryo morphogenesis and micropropagation of Dendrobium aggregatum Roxb. were described. The gradual developmental stages of embryos to seedlings were traced out. Within two weeks of culture the cells of undifferented embryos underwent repeated aniclinal and periclinal division producing a compact, green parenchymatous cell mass called spherule that emerged out by rupturing the testa. The spherules subsequently differentiated into greenish protocorms were considered as typical seed germination. Germination occurred on both (MS and Phytamax (PM) medium but MS medium proved to be more efficient. The primary protocorms underwent profuse proliferation through production of secondary (2º) protocorms when transferred to different plant growth regulators (PGRs) supplemented MS; the medium fortified with 2.0 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/l NAA proved to be most effective for induction of 2º protocorms and seedling development. Multiple shoot buds (MSBs) were induced in pseudobulb segments of the in vitro grown seedlings when cultured on different PGRs supplemented media; and the maximum number of MSBs were obtained MS + 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l picloram. The MSBs underwent elongation and then they rooted when they were transferred to half strength of MS + 0.5 mg/l IAA. The well rooted plantlets were finally transferred to outside natural environment with 80% survival. D. O. I. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v23i2.17525 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 23(2): 241-249, 2013  (December)

scholarly journals Phenotypic aberrations during micropropagation of Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) Adr. Juss

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Kumar CHIRUVELLA ◽  
Arifullah MOHAMMED ◽  
Rama Gopal GHANTA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Shoot Necrosis

Like most of the medicinal plants Soymida febrifuga (Meliaceae) possess significance for its valuable secondary metabolites. Multiplication of this endemic plant is limited by difficulty in rooting of stem cuttings, high seedling mortality rates and low seed viability period. Hence efficient protocols for in vitro mass propagation has been established from field grown and aseptic seedlings explants. Strikingly, we observed aberrant structures such as vitrified shoots, faciated shoots, albino shoots as well shoot necrosis during its micropropagation. These phenotypic maladies were observed during organogenesis and rooting. Compared to other abnormalities, shoot necrosis nonetheless was frequent and pronounced leading to plant death. Shoots when subjected to rooting also displayed necrosis which was controlled by transferring to MS medium containing various concentrations and combinations of calcium levels, activated charcoal, glucose, fructose and auxins. Microshoots initiated roots on half strength MS medium with IBA and IAA individually or in combination within two weeks. MS half strength solid medium supplemented with CAN (556 mg l–1), CAP (1.0 mg l–1), IAA (2.0 mg l–1) and IBA (2.0 mg l–1) in combination was found to be more efficient in showing high frequency (95%) of root regeneration. Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened and 70-85% of regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized to natural environment. In vitro derived plantlets were morphologically similar to in vivo plants.

scholarly journals Effects of N-Benzyl -9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl and Indole –3-Acetic Acid In Vitro Culture of Bauhinia purpurea L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Belai Meeta Suwal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Bauhinia Purpurea ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

<p>Bauhinia purpurea L. is a leguminous plant moderate sized tree with multipurpose value. It is distributed in sub-Himalayan tracts. It has been cultivated in the plain region up to the elevation of 1350 m. Mature seeds of Bauhinia purpurea L. were cultured on half strength Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium. Nodal explants obtained from germinated seedlings were cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 M BAP produced multiple shoots which were used for experimental purposes. Nodal explants obtained from cultured were subcultured on different concentrations of N-Benzyl -9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl) (BPA) and Indole-3acetic acid (IAA). The best proliferation of nodes and shoots were observed on the MS medium supplemented with 0.5 M BPA and 0.1 M IAA. After 8 weeks of culture, the propagated plants were acclimatized and transferred to the sand box containing 1:1 soil and sand. Well rooted plants were then established in the field. All the data collected were worked out statistically with SPSS, a system of analytical procedure.</p>

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication, micromorphological studies and ex vitro rooting of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. – a rare medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Hybanthus Enneaspermus ◽  
Half Strength

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.

scholarly journals An Efficient Protocol for High-frequency Direct Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Internodes of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501
Author(s):  
Sanjog T. Thul ◽  
Arun K. Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha X Piperita ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

A simple, repeatable and efficient protocol for direct multiple shoot regeneration from internodal explants has been defined in peppermint ( Mentha x piperita var. Indus). In vitro regenerated shoots of peppermint were excised into 4 to 8 mm long internodes and cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with different cytokinins. In the hormonal assay, 3.0 mg L-l zeatin or 6-isopentenyl adenine independently supplemented to half strength MS medium exhibited multiple shoot regeneration, while thiaduzorn (0.1-3.0 mg L−1) showed no morphogenetic effect. A maximum of 85% in vitro cultured explants showed multiple shoot formation with an average of 7 shoots per explant on MS medium supplemented with zeatin. Multiple shoots were initiated within three weeks of cultivation. Internodes with regenerated multiple shoots were transferred to half - strength MS medium without supplementing with any plant growth hormone for shoot elongation and rhizogenesis. Rooted plants acclimatized and grew to maturity under glasshouse conditions. The plantlets developed were phenotypically identical to the parent plant and exhibited 96 % survival.

scholarly journals IN VITRO REGENERATION AND MASS PROPAGATION OF AZIMA TETRACANTHA [LAM.] FROM THE LEAF EXPLANTS THROUGH CALLUS CULTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Mallika Devi T
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Apical Leaf ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Azima Tetracantha

In the present study the protocol for callus induction and regeneration in Azima tetracantha has been developed in culture medium. The young apical leaf explants were used for callus induction on MS medium containing BAP and NAA at 1.0 and 0.4mgl-1 respectively showed maximum callus induction (73%). The amount of callus responded for shoot formation (74%) was obtained in the MS medium containing BAP (1.5 mgl-1) and NAA (0.3mgl-1).The elongated shoots were rooted on half strength medium supplemented with IBA (1.5 mgl-1) and Kn (0.4 mgl-1) for shoots rooted. Regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and hardened off inside the culture and then transferred to green house with better survival rate.

scholarly journals Effect of explant type on the rooting and acclimatization of Dianthus serotinus Waldst. & Kit.

2014 ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Marija Markovic ◽  
Mihailo Grbic ◽  
Dragana Skocajic ◽  
Matilda Djukic
Keyword(s):  
Ms Medium ◽  
Explant Type ◽  
Single Node ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Terminal Buds

The effect of the concentration of MS salts and explant type on D. serotinus rooting and acclimatization was investigated in order to optimize a protocol for the micropropagation of this species. The obtained results showed that explant type as well as the concentration of MS salts had a significant effect on rooting, and the highest rooting rate (85-86,7%) was achieved when culturing single-node cuttings and terminal buds on a half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0,5 mgL-1 NAA. Nevertheless, mean number of roots per explant was higher on the MS media (15,3-18,6) than on the half-strength MS media (11,8-13,4). The best acclimatization rate was obtained in a 4:1 mixture of peat and sand (83,3-86,7%). The explant type from which in vitro plantlets developed had no effect on the acclimatization rate.

scholarly journals In Vitro Seed Germination and Embryo Culture in Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaveri ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Nothapodytes Foetida ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Paper Bridge

In vitro seed germination and embryo culture have been achieved in Nothapodytes foetida, this plant is known for its rich source of anticancer drug i. e., Camptothecin. In present study both normal and decoated seeds were subjected to different treatments viz., H2O, GA3, H2O2, H2SO4, chlorine water and mechanical scarification, further these were germinated on water agar medium (WA), filter paper bridge (FB), half strength MS (HMS) and full strength MS (FMS) medium. The highest percentage (69%) of germination was achieved from decoated seeds treated with 10mg/L GA3 and germinated on Filter Paper Bridge. And for embryo culture mature embryos were inoculated on MS medium containing various combination and concentrations of cytokinins (BAP, Kn and TDZ) and auxin (IAA and NAA) for rapid conversion into a plantlet. Among the different combinations of growth regulators; highest frequency (100%) of plantlet conversion was obtained on MS medium containing Kn (1.0mg/L) and NAA (0.2mg/L).

scholarly journals Effect of Sucrose Concentrations and Incubation Periods on in Vitro Rooting of Moris Pineapple (Ananas comosus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid M Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Half Strength

The effect of 6 sucrose concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 g/l) over 4 incubation periods (30, 45, 60, 75 days) on in vitro rooting of Moris pineapple cultured in liquid half strength MS medium enriched with IBA at 2.0 mg/l was investigated. At all incubation periods, all shoots in medium enriched with sucrose at 5 g/l failed to root, and no roots formed within the first 30 days in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 g/l. After 30 days of incubation, the highest rooting percentage (66 %), tallest plantlets (23 mm tall), highest (3.4 roots) and longest (5.3 mm) root per shoot were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 25, 10, 15, 15 g/l respectively, while after 45 days, the highest of all rooting aspects (75 %, 32.3 mm tall, 3.7 roots, 7 mm long), were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 60 days, the highest rooting percentage (91.7 %) and tallest plantlets (36.7 mm tall) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 20 g/l while highest roots per shoot (3.7 roots) and longest root (10.7 mm) were obtained in medium enriched with sucrose at 15 g/l. After 75 days, all shoots rooted (100 %) in medium enriched with sucrose at 10 and 20 g/l, while sucrose at 25 g/l resulted in tallest plantlets (46.3 mm tall) and at 20 g/l resulted in highest (4.7 roots) and longest roots (27.3 mm). At each incubation period, there was a different optimum sucrose enrichment for different rooting parameters.

scholarly journals Research on in vitro micropropagation of Lilium brownii F.E. Brown

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Vũ Hoài Sâm ◽  
Bùi Đức Quỳnh ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Hương ◽  
Nguyễn Văn Khiêm
Keyword(s):  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
The North ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Over Exploitation

Lilium brownii Brown belonging Lilium genus and Liliaceae family is well-known as a popular medicinal species, as well as food source and beautiful ornamental flowers. The specie has unique and ornamental floral characteristics such as light and elegant fragrance and perianth color rapidly changing from yellowish cream to white during anthesis. In traditional medicine, it is used for treatment cough, sedation diuretic, bronchitis... In nature, it can be found in subtropical climate moutainous areas in the North such as Sa Pa, Bat Xat, Mu Cang Chai; Sin Ho and Phong Tho, Quang Ba and Dong Van. In recent years, this species has been listed in the Red List for medicinal plants in Vietnam due to over-exploitation. The only effective strategy for sustaible conservation this species is in vitro micropropagation. In this study, in vitro plant regeneration and micropropagation of L. brownii was established from bubles and stem nodes. After surface sterilization with 0.1% HgCl­2 in 10 minutes, healthy young shoots were obtained from initial bubles and stem nodes on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP or 0.5 mg/l NAA, respectively.  Bulblets also were formed from young shoot on MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The highest number of 4.5 bulblets per an explant was recorded from longitude-divided bubbles on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l NAA and 0.2 mg/l BAP after 60 days in culture. The regererated plants produced quality roots on half strength MS supplemented with the combination of 1.0 mg/ l NAA and 0.2 mg / l BAP. More than 90% of rooted plants in vitro were survival on artificial soil TN1 in the nursery.

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