scholarly journals Central Command and the Regulation of Exercise Heart Rate Response in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyam Sarma ◽  
Erin Howden ◽  
Justin Lawley ◽  
Mitchel Samels ◽  
Benjamin D. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Central Command ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Autonomic Pathways

Background: Chronotropic incompetence (CI) is common in HFpEF and is linked to impaired aerobic capacity. Whether upstream autonomic signaling pathways responsible for raising exercise heart rate (HR) are impaired in HFpEF is unknown. We investigated the integrity of central command and muscle metaboreceptor function, two predominant mechanisms responsible for exertional increases in HR, in HFpEF and senior control subjects. Methods: Fourteen healthy, senior controls (7M,7F) and 20 carefully screened HFpEF patients (8M,12F) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (peak VO 2 ) and static handgrip exercise at 40% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) to fatigue with post-exercise circulatory arrest (PECA) for 2 minutes to assess central command and metaboreceptor function respectively. Results: Peak VO 2 (13.1 ± 3.4 vs 22.7 ± 4.0 ml/kg/min; p<0.001) and HR (122 ± 20 vs 155 ± 14 bpm; p<0.001) were lower in HFpEF than senior controls. There were no significant differences in peak HR response during static handgrip between groups (HFpEF vs controls: 90 ± 13 vs 93 ± 10 bpm; p=0.49). Metaboreceptor function defined as mean arterial blood pressure at the end of PECA was also not significantly different between groups. Conclusions: Central command (vagally mediated) and metaboreceptor function (sympathetically mediated) in patients with HFpEF were not different from healthy senior controls despite significantly lower peak whole-body exercise heart rates. These results demonstrate key reflex autonomic pathways regulating exercise heart rate responsiveness are intact in HFpEF.

scholarly journals 84 Effects of incremental conditioning and supplemental dietary tryptophan on pre, mid, and post-exercise heart rate and respiratory rate in sled dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Emma Thornton ◽  
James Templeman ◽  
Michael Bower ◽  
John Cant ◽  
Graham Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Conditioning Regimen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Large Neutral Amino Acid ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Sled Dogs ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Repetitive bouts of resistance and aerobic exercise can have dramatic effects on whole body physiology. Dietary tryptophan supplementation supports protein turnover and serotonin production, which assist in responses to exercise. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week incremental exercise regimen and supplemental dietary tryptophan on pre-, mid-, and post-exercise heart rate and respiratory rate in sled dogs. Sixteen dogs (mean age of 4.8 ± 2.5 years, body weight 24.3 ± 4.3 kg) were blocked for sex, age, and body weight, and randomly allocated to a control diet or the control plus tryptophan diet (tryptophan to large-neutral-amino-acid ratio of 0.075:1). All dogs participated in a 12-week conditioning regimen with controlled exercise challenges at week -1 and subsequently every 3 weeks. Electrocardiogram electrodes and thoracic rib bands were worn to record heart rate and respiratory rate (EMKA Tech., Falls Church, VA, USA) prior to, during, and following each exercise challenge. A trans regression, mixed, and correlation model were used where appropriate to assess the fixed effects of treatment and week, and explore linear relationships between recovery time and week in SAS (v 9.4). No differences were found in heart rate between treatment groups for any training level (P &gt; 0.10). Working, recovery, and time required for heart rate to recover post-exercise decreased from week -1 to week 11 (P &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that treatment dogs recovered respiratory rate faster post-exercise compared to control (r = -0.421, P &lt; 0.05). Resting, recovery and time required for respiratory rate to recover post-exercise decreased from baseline to week 11 (P &lt; 0.05). This data suggests improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness was observed over 12 weeks of training and that tryptophan may support respiratory function during exercise recovery.

scholarly journals Post-exercise heart rate recovery in individuals with spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
J N Myers ◽  
L Hsu ◽  
D Hadley ◽  
M Y Lee ◽  
B J Kiratli
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Heat stress alters hemodynamic responses during the Valsalva maneuver

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Davis ◽  
Craig G. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Arterial Blood

The Valsalva maneuver can be used as a noninvasive index of autonomic control of blood pressure and heart rate. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that sympathetic mediated vasoconstriction, as referenced by hemodynamic responses during late phase II (phase IIb) of the Valsalva maneuver, is inhibited during whole body heating. Seven individuals (5 men, 2 women) performed three Valsalva maneuvers (each at a 30-mmHg expiratory pressure for 15 s) during normothermia and again during whole body heating (increase sublingual temperature ∼0.8°C via water-perfused suit). Each Valsalva maneuver was separated by a minimum of 5 min. Beat-to-beat mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate were measured during each Valsalva maneuver, and responses for each phase were averaged across the three Valsalva maneuvers for both thermal conditions. Baseline MAP was not significantly different between normothermic (88 ± 11 mmHg) and heat stress (84 ± 9 mmHg) conditions. The change in MAP (ΔMAP) relative to pre-Valsalva MAP during phases IIa and IIb was significantly lower during heat stress (IIa = −20 ± 8 mmHg; IIb = −13 ± 7 mmHg) compared with normothermia (IIa = −1 ± 15 mmHg; IIb = 3 ± 13 mmHg). ΔMAP from pre-Valsalva baseline during phase IV was significantly higher during heat stress (25 ± 10 mmHg) compared with normothermia (8 ± 9 mmHg). Counter to the proposed hypothesis, the increase in MAP from the end of phase IIa to the end of phase IIb during heat stress was not attenuated. Conversely, this increase in MAP tended to be greater during heat stress relative to normothermia ( P = 0.06), suggesting that sympathetic activation may be elevated during this phase of the Valsalva while heat stressed. These data show that heat stress does not attenuate this index of vasoconstrictor responsiveness during the Valsalva maneuver.

scholarly journals Post‐Exercise Heart Rate Recovery is Impaired in Anabolic Steroids Users

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rodrigues Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias ◽  
Mateus Camaroti Laterza ◽  
Maria Urbana Rondon ◽  
Regina Moraes Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise

Effect of cold or thermoneutral water immersion on post-exercise heart rate recovery and heart rate variability indices

2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Al Haddad ◽  
Paul B. Laursen ◽  
Didier Chollet ◽  
Frédéric Lemaitre ◽  
Saïd Ahmaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise

Abstract 13421: Ventricular and Arterial Elastance During Isometric Handgrip Exercise and Post-exercise Circulatory Arrest in Heart Failure With and Without Preserved Ejection Fraction

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Fujimoto ◽  
Keishi Moriwaki ◽  
Issei Kameda ◽  
Masaki Ishiyama ◽  
Taku Omori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Arterial Elastance ◽  
Post Exercise

Introduction: Isometric handgrip (IHG) training at 30% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) lowers blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Impacts of IHG exercise and post-exercise circulatory arrest (PECA), which isolates metaboreflex control, have been unclear in heart failure (HF). Purpose: To investigate the impacts of IHG exercise and PECA on ventricular-arterial stiffness and left ventricular (LV) relaxation in HF with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: We invasively obtained LV pressure-volume (PV) loops in 20 patients (10 HFpEF, 10 HFrEF) using conductance catheter with microtip-manometer during 3 minutes of IHG at 30%MVC and 3 minutes of PECA. Hemodynamics and LV-arterial function including LV end-systolic elastance (Ees) by the single-beat method, effective arterial elastance (Ea), and time constant of LV relaxation (Tau) were evaluated every minute. Results: At rest, HFpEF had higher LV end-systolic pressure (ESP) and lower heart rate than HFrEF with similar LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP). The coupling ratio (Ees/Ea) was greater in HFpEF than HFrEF (1.0±0.3 vs. 0.6±0.3, p<0.01). IHG for 3minutes similarly increased heart rate in HFpEF (by 10±8 bpm) and HFrEF (by 14±6 bpm). IHG also increased end-diastolic and LVESP (134±21 vs. 158±30 mmHg and 113±25 vs. 139±25 mmHg) in both groups (groupхtime effect p≥0.25). In HFpEF, Ees, Ea and Ees/Ea (1.0±0.3 vs. 1.1±0.4) were unaffected during IHG. In HFrEF, IHG induced variable increases in Ea. LV end-systolic volume and the ESPV volume-axis intercept were larger, and Ees at IHG 3 rd min was greater (1.30±0.7 vs. 3.1±2.1 mmHg/ml, p<0.01) than baseline, resulting in unchanged Ees/Ea at IHG 3 rd min (0.6±0.3 vs. 0.8±0.4, p≥0.37). Tau was prolonged only in HFrEF during IHG and was returned to the baseline value during PECA. During the first 2 minutes of PECA, LVESP was lower than that at IHG 3 rd min only in HFpEF, suggesting less metaboreflex control of blood pressure in HFpEF during IHG. Conclusions: IHG exercise at 30%MVC induced modest increases in LV end-systolic and end-diastolic pressures in HFpEF and HFrEF. Although the prolongation of LV relaxation was observed only in HFrEF, the ventricular and arterial coupling was maintained throughout the IHG exercise in both groups.

Cardiovascular Responses to Submaximal Concentric and Eccentric Isokinetic Exercise in Older Adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Thompson ◽  
Theo H. Versteegh ◽  
Tom J. Overend ◽  
Trevor B. Birmingham ◽  
Anthony A. Vandervoort
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
S Peak

Our purpose was to describe heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and perceived exertion (RPE) responses to submaximal isokinetic concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) exercise at the same absolute torque output in older adults. Peak torques for ECC and CON knee extension were determined in healthy older males (n = 13) and females (n = 7). Subjects then performed separate, randomly ordered, 2-min bouts of CON and ECC exercise. Heart rate and MAP increased (p < .001) from resting values throughout both exercise bouts. CON exercise elicited a significantly greater cardiovascular response than ECC exercise after 60 s. Peak HR, MAP, and RPE after CON exercise were greater than after ECC exercise (p < .01). At the same absolute torque output, isokinetic CON knee extension exercise resulted in a significantly greater level of cardiovascular stress than ECC exercise. These results are relevant to resistance testing and exercise in older people.

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