scholarly journals Association of Psychosocial Factors With Short‐Term Resting Heart Rate Variability: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish S. Shah ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Eric A. Whitsel ◽  
Elsayed Z. Soliman ◽  
Viola Vaccarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Over Time

Background Psychosocial factors predict heart disease risk, but our understanding of underlying mechanisms is limited. We sought to evaluate the physiologic correlates of psychosocial factors by measuring their relationships with heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic health, in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study. We hypothesize that increased psychosocial stress associates with lower HRV. Methods and Results We studied 9331 participants in ARIC with short‐term HRV data at visits 2 and 4. The mean (SD) age was 54.4 (5.7) years, 55% were women, and 25% were Black. Psychosocial factors included: (1) vital exhaustion (VE), (2) anger proneness, a personality trait, and (3) perceived social support. Linear models adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Low frequency HRV (ln ms 2 ) was significantly lower in the highest versus lowest quartiles of VE (B=−0.14, 95% CI, −0.24 to −0.05). When comparing this effect to age (B=−0.04, 95% CI, −0.05 to −0.04), the difference was equivalent to 3.8 years of accelerated aging. Perceived social support associated with lower time‐domain HRV. High VE (versus low VE) also associated with greater decreases in low frequency over time, and both anger and VE associated with greater increases in resting heart rate over time. Survival analyses were performed with Cox models, and no evidence was found that HRV explains the excess risk found with high VE and low perceived social support. Conclusions Vital exhaustion, and to a lesser extent anger and social support, were associated with worse autonomic function and greater adverse changes over time.

Abstract P542: Association of Psychosocial Factors With Heart Rate Variability: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Shah ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Eric A Whitsel ◽  
Elsayed Z SOLIMAN ◽  
Viola Vaccarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Vital Exhaustion ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk

Introduction: Psychosocial factors are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but our understanding of causal mechanisms is limited. Understanding such mechanisms may help formulate prevention strategies. We therefore sought to evaluate potential physiologic effects of psychosocial factors by studying their associations with heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic function, in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Hypothesis: Higher psychosocial stress levels are associated with lower HRV cross-sectionally in a diverse community sample. Methods: We included ARIC cohort participants with information on psychosocial factors in 1990-1992 into our analysis. Psychosocial factors were assessed using validated instruments, including: 1) vital exhaustion, a somatic manifestation of chronic stress and depression, 2) anger proneness, a personality trait, and 3) perceived social support, a potential buffering factor for stress. Short-term time and frequency domain HRV were measured from a two-minute electrocardiographic recording in 1987-1989. Linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: We included 9,332 participants (mean age 54.4 ± 5.7 years, 55% women, and 25% black) in the analysis. Only vital exhaustion was consistently associated with HRV, as per the table, which shows the change in ln(HRV) per point increase in score. Compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of vital exhaustion was associated with a 13.3% (95% CI, 3.9% - 21.3%) decrease in low frequency HRV in adjusted models. By comparison, each year of added age was associated with a 3.7% (95% CI, 3.1% to 4.2%) decrease in LF HRV. Conclusion: A high level of vital exhaustion was associated with low HRV, while anger proneness and social support were not. The inverse vital exhaustion-HRV association raises concern regarding the somatic manifestations of stress, a potential target for preventive interventions.

Abstract 12693: Influence of Resting Heart Rate and Changes in Resting Heart Rate on Cardiovascular Outcomes From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Vazir ◽  
Brian Claggett ◽  
Amil Shah ◽  
Hicham Skali ◽  
Susan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Over Time

Background: Resting heart rate (HR) and change in resting heart rate (ΔHR) over time are associated with increased risk of adverse outcome in patients with established heart failure (HF). We assessed whether the most recent HR and ΔHR are associated with cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in participants enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study. Methods: We studied 15,680 participants with HR recorded at baseline (age 54±6 years, women 55%, African American 27%) and over 3 follow-up visits with a median time interval between visits of 3.0 (IQR 2.9-4.0) years. ΔHR from the preceding visit was calculated. Participants were followed up for a median of 22.7 (19.8-23.7) years. We related baseline and most recent resting HR and ΔHR to all cause mortality and CV outcomes adjusting for established baseline and time-updated risk factors and medications. Results: Baseline and most recent HR and ΔHR were associated with all-cause mortality and CV outcomes (table), however most recent HR and ΔHR were more strongly associated with outcomes compared to baseline HR. Every 10bpm increase in HR from the preceding visit was associated with a 29%, 30% 22% and 15% increase risk of all-cause mortality, incident HF, incident MI and stroke respectively. Every 10 bpm higher most recent HR was associated with a 34%, 41% 23% and 14% increase risk of all-cause mortality, incident HF, incident MI and stroke respectively. Conclusion: In a community-based cohort, the most recent resting HR and ΔHR are strongly associated with outcomes; higher resting HR and increases in HR over time are associated with the greatest magnitude of risk.

Relation of Resting Heart Rate to Incident Atrial Fibrillation (From ARIC [Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities] Study)

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijia Wang ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Elsayed Z. Soliman ◽  
Wesley T. O'Neal ◽  
Hugh Calkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk

Abstract P365: Psychosocial Factors and Subsequent Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Honda ◽  
Yejin Mok ◽  
Lena Mathews ◽  
Jeremy Van’t Hof ◽  
Gail Daumit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Aric Study

Background and aims: Psychosocial factors such as depression, character traits, and lack of social support have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, data of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in this regard are sparse. Since risk factor profiles differ across atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) subtypes, to appreciate the contribution of psychosocial factors to overall ASCVD, we aimed to comprehensively explore the association of psychosocial factors with the risk of PAD and ASCVD in a community cohort. Methods: We included 12,090 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (mean age 56.7 [SD 5.7] years) free of PAD and ASCVD at baseline (1990-1992). Depressive symptom was evaluated by the Maastricht Questionnaire (MQ). Trait anger was assessed by the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale. Social support was measured by the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, while the extent of social networks was evaluated by the Lubben Social Network Scale. PAD events were defined as hospitalizations with PAD diagnosis and procedures. ASCVD included adjudicated myocardial infarction, fatal coronary disease, and ischemic stroke events. Results: We observed 429 PAD and 2,539 ASCVD events during a median follow-up of 23.1 years. The cumulative incidence of PAD was highest in the highest quartile of MQ score. This association remained after adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. A weaker association was observed for ASCVD. Social support also showed independent association with incident PAD, but not with ASCVD. Trait anger and social network were not significantly associated with either PAD or ASCVD (Table). Conclusions: Psychosocial factors demonstrated more evident associations with PAD than ASCVD. Our results suggest the importance of considering PAD when assessing the overall impact of those factors on CVD. Future studies are needed to explore potential mechanisms behind our observation.

Perceived Social Support and Heart Rate Variability: An Integrative Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110289
Author(s):  
Madison P. Goodyke ◽  
Patricia E. Hershberger ◽  
Ulf G. Bronas ◽  
Susan L. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Stress Buffering

The purpose of this integrative review is to explore and synthesize literature about the relationship between perceived social support and cardiac vagal modulation, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), during phases of an acute stress response to assess this potential relationship underlying the stress-buffering effects of perceived social support. A systematic search of seven databases was conducted, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Embase, ProQuest, medRxiv, and clinicaltrials.gov. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were systematically synthesized. A quality appraisal was completed for each included study. Majority of studies focused on time and frequency domain measures of HRV thought to reflect parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and identified them as positively associated with perceived social support during rest, stress induction, and recovery from an acute stressor. Results highlight the importance for nurses and other health care professionals to assess patients’ perceived social support, as increased perceived social support may contribute to an adaptive stress response.

scholarly journals Effect of Perceived Social Support on Mortality Rate Among Older Chinese Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Charu Verma ◽  
Mengting Li ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Older Chinese Americans ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Most existing studies have examined the relationship between social support and health in cross-sectional data. However, the changing dynamics of social support over time and its relationship with all-cause mortality have not been well explored. Using data from the Pine Study (N = 3,157), this study examined whether social support was associated with time of death at an 8 years follow-up among older Chinese Americans. Social support from a spouse, family members and friend were collected at the baseline using an HRS social support scale. Perceived social support and time of death were ascertained from the baseline through wave 4. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess associations of perceived support with the risk of all-cause mortality using time-varying covariate analyses. Covariates included age, sex, education, income, and medical comorbidities. All study participants were followed up for 8 years, during which 492 deaths occurred. In multivariable analyses, the results showed that positive family support [HR 0.91; 95% CI (0.86, 0.98)] and overall social support [HR 0.95; 95% CI (0.92,0.98)] were significantly associated with a lower risk of 8-year mortality. Results demonstrate robust association in which perceived positive family and overall social support over time had a protective effect on all-cause mortality risk in older Chinese Americans. Interventions could focus on older adults with low social support and protect their health and well-being. Future studies could further explore why social support from family is different from social support from other sources regarding mortality risk in older Chinese Americans.

Abstract P116: Trait Anger Increases Short-term and Long-term Risk for Recurrent CHD: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice E Williams ◽  
Sharon B Wyatt ◽  
Kathryn M Rose ◽  
David J Couper ◽  
Anna Kucharska-Newton
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Aric Study

Though several large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the positive association of anger with coronary heart disease (CHD) onset, a dearth of population-based evidence exists regarding the relationship of anger to the clinical course of CHD among people with established disease. Trait anger is conceptualized as a stable personality trait and defined as the tendency to experience frequent and intense anger. Therefore, it is plausible that the effects of trait anger on CHD are long standing. We assessed the hypothesis that trait anger predicts short-term and long-term risk for recurrent CHD among middle-aged men and women. Participants were 611 black or white men and women, ages 48 - 67, who had a history of CHD at the second clinical examination (1990-1992) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. They were followed for the recurrence of CHD (myocardial infarction or fatal CHD) from 1990 through three different time intervals: 1995, 2003, and 2009 (maximum follow-up = 19.0 years). Trait anger (measured at Visit 2) was assessed using the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale, with scores categorized as high, moderate, and low. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race-center, educational level, waist-to-hip ratio, plasma LDL-and HDL-cholesterol levels, hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking status, and pack-years of cigarette smoking. After 3 - 5 years of follow-up, the risk for recurrent CHD among participants with high trait anger was more than twice that of their counterparts with low trait anger (2.24 [95% C.I: 1.14 to 4.40]). After 11 - 13 years, the risk was 80% greater (1.80 [95% C.I: 1.17 to 2.78]) and after 17 - 19 years, it was 70% greater (1.70 [95% C.I: 1.15 to 2.52]). The risk for recurrent CHD was strongest in the first time interval but remained strong and statistically significant through 19 years of follow-up. In conclusion, the experience of frequent and intense anger increases short-term and long-term risk for recurrent CHD in middle-aged men and women.

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