scholarly journals Coronary Heart Disease Risk Associated with Primary Isolated Hypertriglyceridemia; a Population‐Based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedmohammad Saadatagah ◽  
Ahmed K. Pasha ◽  
Lubna Alhalabi ◽  
Harigopal Sandhyavenu ◽  
Medhat Farwati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Age And Sex

Background Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease but the association is often attributed to concomitant metabolic abnormalities. We investigated the epidemiology of primary isolated hypertriglyceridemia (PIH) and associated cardiovascular risk in a population‐based setting. Methods and Results We identified adults with at least one triglyceride level ≥500 mg/dL between 1998 and 2015 in Olmsted County, Minnesota. We also identified age‐ and sex‐matched controls with triglyceride levels <150 mg/dL. There were 3329 individuals with elevated triglyceride levels; after excluding those with concomitant hypercholesterolemia, a secondary cause of high triglycerides, age <18 years or an incomplete record, 517 patients (49.4±14.0 years, 72.0% men) had PIH (triglyceride 627.6±183.6 mg/dL). The age‐ and sex‐adjusted prevalence of PIH in adults was 0.80% (0.72–0.87); the diagnosis was recorded in 60%, 46% were on a lipid‐lowering medication for primary prevention and a triglyceride level <150 mg/dL was achieved in 24.1%. The association of PIH with coronary heart disease was attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and conventional cardiovascular risk factors (hazard ratio [HR], 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06‐2.20; P = 0.022). There was no statistically significant association between PIH and cerebrovascular disease (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.65‐1.73, P = 0.813), peripheral artery disease (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.43‐3.75; P = 0.668), or the composite end point of all 3 (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.92‐1.80; P =0.148) in adjusted models. Conclusions PIH was associated with incident coronary heart disease events (although there was attenuation after adjustment for conventional risk factors), supporting a causal role for triglycerides in coronary heart disease. The condition is relatively prevalent but awareness and control are low.

Abstract P234: Diabetes as Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in Women Compared with Men

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne A Peters ◽  
Rachel R Huxley ◽  
Mark Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: A previous pooled analysis suggested that women with diabetes are at substantially increased risk of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) compared with affected men. Additional findings from larger and more contemporary studies have since published on the sex-specific associations between diabetes and incident CHD. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis so as to provide the most reliable evidence of any sex difference in the effect of diabetes on subsequent risk of CHD. Methods: PubMed MEDLINE was systematically searched for prospective population-based cohort studies published between on January 1, 1966 and February 13, 2013. Eligible studies had to have reported sex-specific estimates of the relative risk (RR) for incident CHD associated with diabetes, and its associated variability. Random effects meta-analyses with inverse variance weighting were used to obtain sex-specific RRs and their ratio (RRR). Results: Data from 64 cohorts including 858,507 individuals and 28,203 incident CHD events were included. The RR for incident CHD associated with diabetes compared with no diabetes was 2.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.37, 3.38) in women and 2.11 (95% CI: 1.79, 2.50) in men. The multiple-adjusted RRR for incident CHD was 44% greater in women with diabetes than it was in men with diabetes (95% CI: 27; 63) with no significant heterogeneity between studies (I2=20%). Conclusions: Women with diabetes have more than a 40% greater risk of incident CHD compared with men with diabetes. Sex disparities in pharmacotherapy are unlikely to explain the excess risk in women. Instead, a greater deterioration in cardiovascular risk profile combined with more prolonged exposure to adverse levels of cardiovascular risk factors among pre-diabetic women compared with their male equivalents may be responsible for the excess risk of diabetes-related CHD in women. Future studies are warranted elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the substantial sex-difference in diabetes-related risk of CHD.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in HIV-Infected Adults in Nyeri County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Regina Kamuhu ◽  
Beatrice Mugendi ◽  
Judith Kimiywe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Obesity Class

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is currently second, after cancer, as the most frequent cause of death among HIV-positive subjects in areas of the world where Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is widely available. The purpose of this study was to investigate cardiovascular disease markers in HIV-infected adults attending comprehensive care clinic in Nyeri Level- 5- Hospital. The results are based on a sample of 85 participants that randomly selected for an intervention study with two study arms. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze all study variables. Relationships between all and individual CVD risk factors were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Criterion for statistical significance was at p < 0.05 and 90% power of test. Twenty nine percent of the respondents were aged fifty years and above while 48.2% were between 40-49 years. Only 5.9% of the respondents smoked while 8.2% drunk alcohol. Twenty seven percent (27.1%) had low physical activity while 24.7% had obesity class I (30-34.9), 8.2% had obesity class II (35-39.9) while 1.5% had obesity class III (> 40). Another 31.8% were overweight (25-29.9). 28.2% had hypertension stage I (140-159) and another 11.8% had hypertension stage II (>160). Twenty two percent (22.4%) had high total cholesterol (>6.2), while 34.1% had high serum triglycerides (2.25-5.6) and another 4.7% had very high serum LDL-C (>4.91). Framingham’s risk score was used to determine the 10-year risk of developing a coronary heart disease. Majority of the participants (60%) had low (<10%) 10-year risk of coronary heart disease at the baseline. There is a high prevalence of hypertension and overweight/obesity among HIV+ patients. Key words: Cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular risk score, lipid profile, Framingham risk score.

Thrombin Generation Markers and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in a Polish Population Sample

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (04) ◽  
pp. 697-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Musiał ◽  
Andrzej Pająk ◽  
Anetta undas ◽  
Ewa Kawalec ◽  
Roman Topór-Mądry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chd Risk Factors

SummaryThrombosis plays a major role in the development of atherosclerosis and its acute vascular complications. Epidemiological studies have shown that elevated levels of plasma fibrinogen are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). It is not clear whether this association is linked to hemostatic functions of fibrinogen which serves as a substrate for thrombin. Generation of thrombin in vivo can be evaluated by measurement of its specific markers in plasma, i.e. thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2). We determined plasma levels of TAT and F1+2 in a population sample of southeastern Poland and evaluated relations of these markers with plasma fibrinogen, factor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc), and other known CHD risk factors. The population studied consisted of 215 men and 251 women, aged 43-75 years. Final analysis was performed on 195 men and 222 women.The distribution of plasma TAT and F1+2 concentrations were highly skewed with the higher median values for women than for men. Log values of TAT correlated with log values of F1+2 in men (r = 0.27, p <0.01) and in women (r = 0.15, p <0.05). In the regression analysis both markers were positively related to age in women but not in men. After adjustment to age there was a positive relation between TAT and fibrinogen in both sexes. In women, but not in men, F1+2 showed a positive association with FVIIc. Total plasma cholesterol was negatively related to TAT in women only. There was no association between thrombin generation markers and plasma triglycerides, HDL-choles- terol, LDL-cholesterol, blood pressure, cigarette smoking and body mass index (BMI).The association of plasma fibrinogen and FVIIc with thrombin generation markers points to an important role of the hemostatic system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in humans.

Menopause and modifiable coronary heart disease risk factors: A population based study

Maturitas ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agrinier ◽  
M. Cournot ◽  
J. Dallongeville ◽  
D. Arveiler ◽  
P. Ducimetière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Heart Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

scholarly journals Coronary Heart Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Qin ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Qiang Luo ◽  
Lifang Chen ◽  
Xiaoqian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathies ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives:It is well-established that the association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) and connective tissue diseases (CTDs), but the relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) remains controversial yet. The aim of this meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate the risk of CHD in IIMs patients. In addition, we explore differences in traditional cardiovascular risk factors between IIMs patients and controls.Methods:We searched Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases to identify relevant observational studies published in English up to August 2021. Pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the generic inverse variance method for the risk of CHD. A meta-proportion analysis was conducted to assess differences in cardiovascular risk factors between two groups.Results:A total of 15 studies met inclusion criteria: seven studies focused on CHD and nine studies focused on traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The results demonstrated that IIMs patients had a higher risk of CHD (RR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.40–3.42). Hypertension (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.28–1.61), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.55–1.81) and dyslipidemia (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.19–1.84) were more prevalent in IIMs patients compared with controls. However, there was a significant heterogeneity among studies assessing the risk of CHD and hypertension. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that definition of CHD, country and sample size may be potential sources of heterogeneity.Conclusions:IIMs patients were at increased risk of CHD, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors appeared more prevalent in IIMs patients. This systemic review offers the proof that early appropriate interventions could reduce cardiovascular-associated morbidity and mortality in IIMs patients.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnoea, Oxygen Desaturation and Cardiovascular Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3582-3586
Author(s):  
Lavinia Davidescu ◽  
Ben Mansour Mohamed Azzedine ◽  
Milena Adina Man ◽  
Nicoleta Stefania Motoc ◽  
Ioan Anton Arghir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) increases the risk cardiovascular events regardless of the presence of previous cardiovascular disease. As both OSAS and coronary heart disease (CHD) have same risk factors it�s often difficult to quantify the proportion of each risk factor in developing cardiac events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 10-year risk of developing a coronary heart disease (CHD) event or stroke in newly diagnosed OSAS patients. 65 patients diagnosed with OSAS over a period of four months in Oradea Sleep Laboratory were included. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters, clinical and biochemical data, sleep disorder and daytime sleepiness assessment, results of polysomnography were collected in all patients. In 55 selected patients by age range from 34 to 74 years old, cardiovascular risk was assessed using Framingham score calculator. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-PC version 7.5 and Stata 10.The estimated 10-years risk of a CHD event was 18.97% (� 9.67) in all cases. It was higher in men (22.17% � 9.24) compare to women (12.39% � 6.92) and it was not significantly different by stages of OSAS severity (20.58% �9.41 in patients with severe OSAS versus 15.4% in mild OSAS), suggesting that apnea hypopnea index is not a major confounding factor. Desaturation of oxygen is a better outcome to define the relation between OSAS and cardiovascular diseases. OSAS and cardiovascular risk factors increased risk for future adverse cardiovascular events related to the severity of oxygen desaturation.

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