Abstract TMP11: Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Within 6-Hour versus 6-24-Hour Window: Simple Imaging Protocol

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trung Nguyen ◽  
Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Triet Ngo ◽  
Binh Pham ◽  
...  

Introduction: DAWN and DEFUSE 3 trials utilized advanced imaging to prove the benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients within 6-24 hours. There is increasing evidence to suggest the limitations of advanced imaging in real-world practice. Non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (NCCT) has proved with good sensitivity and specificity in the definition of infarct core. It is still unknown if a simpler and faster protocol may adequately select patients within 6-24 hours for EVT. Hypothesis: To compare outcomes of patients submitted to EVT presenting within 6 hours or 6-24 hours, selected using simple imaging protocol. Methods: An observational study was performed, which included consecutive patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke eligible for EVT within 6 hours or 6-24 hours. Patients within early window received routine treatment, while patients presenting within late window were treated if they had a mismatch between the clinical deficit, the infarct volume, and collateral blood blow: (NIHSS score was ≥10 and ASPECTS was ≥7) or (ASPECTS was =6, and the collateral score was ≥2). ASPECTS of NCCT/DWI-MRI and collateral status on CTA/DSA were assessed by a blinded neuroradiologist. The collateral grading system was scored on a scale of 0-3 as in the ESCAPE trial. Results: Of the 184 patients were included, 77 (41,8%) received thrombectomy in late window, 107 (58,2%) received acute treatment in early window. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, except for longer onset to groin puncture time (median, 300 vs 705 min; P<0,0001), higher admission NIHSS (median, 13 vs 16; P<0,0001), lower in ASPECTS (median, 9 vs 8; P<0,0001), and large artery atherosclerosis etiology (61,7 vs 72,7%, P=0,002) in the late window group. No significant differences in successful reperfusion rate and rates of parenchymal hematoma type 2 (81,3 vs 83,1%, P=0,75; 4/107 vs 4/77, P=0,63, respectively). Functional independence (mRS 0-2) and mortality at 90 days did not differ significantly (65,4 vs 57,1%, P=0,25; 10,3 vs 6,5%, P=0,43; respectively). Conclusions: This real-world observational study suggests that EVT may be safe and effective in patients presenting within 6-24 hours selected using clinical-core mismatch and collateral blood blow.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telma Santos ◽  
Andreia Carvalho ◽  
André Almeida Cunha ◽  
Marta Rodrigues ◽  
Tiago Gregório ◽  
...  

IntroductionRecently, the benefit of selecting patients for endovascular treatment (EVT) beyond the 6-hour time window using a tissue-based approach was demonstrated in two randomized trials. The optimal imaging protocol for selecting patients is under debate, and it is still unknown if a simpler and faster protocol may adequately select patients with wake-up stroke (WUS) and late-presenting stroke (LPS) for EVT.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes of patients submitted to EVT presenting within 6 hours of symptom onset or 6–24 hours after last seen well, selected using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) and CT angiography (CTA).MethodsAn observational study was performed, which included consecutive patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion treated with EVT. Patients presenting within 6 hours were treated if their NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was ≥6 and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) was ≥6, while patients presenting with WUS or 6–24 hours after last seen well (WUS/LPS) were treated if their NIHSSscore was ≥12 and ASPECTS was ≥7.Results249 patients were included, 63 of whom were in the WUS/LPS group. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, except for longer symptom-recanalization time, lower admission NIHSS (16 vs 17, P=0.038), more frequent tandem occlusions (25.4% vs 11.8%, P=0.010), and large artery atherosclerosis etiology (22.2% vs 11.8%, P=0.043) in the WUS/LPS group. No differences in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, peri-procedural complications or mortality were found between groups. Three-month functional independence was similar in both groups (65.1% in WUS/LPS vs 57.0% in ≤6 hours, P=0.259) and no differences were found after adjustment for confounders.ConclusionsThis real-world observational study suggests that EVT may be safe and effective in patients with WUS and LPS selected using clinical-core mismatch (high NIHSS/high ASPECTS in NCCT).


Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R Afzal ◽  
Mohtashim A Qureshi ◽  
Ihtesham A Qureshi ◽  
Paisith Piriyawat ◽  
Alberto Maud ◽  
...  

Background: Currently, endovascular treatment is advocated for middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusions, however not much is known about the natural history of an M1 compared to an M2 occlusion. Objective: To compare the clinical outcome in endovascularly treated patients with proximal vessel occlusion (M1) versus a more distal occlusion (M2) among patients with ischemic stokes in a negative trial. Methods: Data from Interventional Management of Stroke trial (IMS-III) for patients with acute ischemic stroke with distal MCA (mainly M2 and beyond) occlusions diagnosed by either computed tomographic angiography (CTA) or catheter angiography were analyzed. NIHSS at admission, baseline characteristics, infarct volume at baseline and outcome at 90 days (mRS score) were compared between the two groups. Favorable outcome was defined by discharge modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0-2, at 3 months. Multivariate logistical regression was performed to compare the outcomes after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Of the 434 from the endovascular therapy group, 215 (49.5%) and 98 (22.5%) patients had M1 and M2 occlusion respectively. Patients with M1 occlusion had higher mean NIHSS at admission (18.76± 4.94 versus 17.37± 5.72, P-value = 0.029) and higher infarct volume (105.92 ± 113.23 versus 49.67 ± 63.42, P-value = 0.000) . Rate of favorable outcome defined by mRS at discharge was lower among patients with M1 (31.53%vs.46.67%p-value = 0.0128) . After adjusting for age, sex, total NIHSS score at admission, hepato-biliary disorders, anticoagulants, antiplatelet, NSAIDS, patients with M1 occlusion had higher rates of poor outcomes; odds ratio (OR) 1.819 (confidence interval [CI] 1.032- 3.205, P=0.03860). Conclusions: In patients enrolled in IMS-III trial, an M1 occlusion demonstrated a larger tissue infarct size and a lower rate of favorable outcome than an M2 occlusion, given the negative results of the trial, these findings reflect the natural history of these two occlusion sites.


Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler P Behymer ◽  
Achala Vagal ◽  
Heidi Sucharew ◽  
Vineeth Yeluru ◽  
Arjun Minhas ◽  
...  

Introduction: Cryptogenic stroke is defined as not attributable to an identified source despite standard evaluation. The absence of small vessel or large artery disease in such evaluation suggests that cryptogenic stroke may be largely cardioembolic. We hypothesized that cryptogenic stroke would be similar to cardioembolic stroke in clinical and imaging characteristics. Methods: The Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study (GCNKSS) is a population-based study that tracks the regional incidence of stroke. A convenient subsample from the 2010 GCNKSS ischemic stroke cohort (N= 368) was selected for detailed neuroimaging analysis. The study physician subtyped cases based on clinical, radiographic and laboratory findings (carotid ultrasound, echocardiography, vascular imaging). Subtypes included cryptogenic, cardioembolic, large-vessel, small-vessel, undetermined, and other. Three radiologists performed imaging analysis including number of acute infarcts, location and white matter hyperintensity (WMH). Infarct volume was segmented using manual tracing. Results: Of 368 ischemic stroke cases with imaging data, subtypes were 26.4% cryptogenic, 16.3% large vessel, 15.5% small vessel, 24.7% cardioembolic, 5.4% undetermined, and 11.7% other. Compared to cardioembolic, cryptogenic stroke patients were younger, had less hypertension, higher alcohol use, smaller infarct volume and differed in location of stroke. Cryptogenic stroke had more clinical and radiological features in common with large and small-vessel stroke (Table). Undetermined and other had no significant differences to cryptogenic. Conclusion: Contrary to our hypothesis, cryptogenic stroke was different from cardioembolic stroke and appeared more similar to large vessel stroke in clinical and radiological characteristics. Further testing on a larger sample size to evaluate the impact of cardiac event monitoring on subtype distribution is needed.


Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kars C Compagne ◽  
Manon Kappelhof ◽  
Robert-Jan B Goldhoorn ◽  
Charles B Majoie ◽  
Yvo B Roos ◽  
...  

Introduction: Outcomes after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke are highly time dependent, but whether active reduction of time to treatment leads to better outcome has not been demonstrated. We compared data of the two subsequent MR CLEAN Registry cohorts, comprising all patients in the Netherlands who had EVT for acute ischemic stroke from 2014-2017, for a trend in time to treatment and its association with outcome. Methods: We compared workflow, successful reperfusion (eTICI 2B-3), NIHSS at 24h, functional outcome (mRS) at 90 days, occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and mortality in patients with ischemic stroke and a proximal intracranial occlusion in the anterior circulation included in the second cohort of the Registry (June 2016-November 2017; n = 1779) to those in patients included in the first cohort (March 2014-June 2016; n = 1526) using logistic regression. Results: Baseline NIHSS was 16 in both cohorts. Times from onset-to-groin and onset-to-reperfusion were shorter in the second cohort than in the first (185 versus 210 minutes; p<0.01 and 238 versus 270 minutes; p<0.01, respectively) (Figure 1). Successful reperfusion was achieved more often in the second than in the first cohort (72% versus 58%; p<0.01). Rates of sICH and mortality did not differ (5.9% versus 5.7%; p=0.94 and 29% versus 29%; p=0.60). However, follow-up NIHSS was lower (median 10 versus 11; p<0.001) and more patients achieved functional independence at 90 days (42.6% versus 38.9%; p = 0.012) in the second cohort (Figure 1). In a logistic regression model, the difference in good outcome between the two cohorts (aOR 1.27; 95%CI 1.08-1.50) was reduced after additional adjustment for time to reperfusion (aOR 1.15; 95%CI 0.96-1.36) as well as successful reperfusion (aOR 1.16; 95%CI 0.95-1.41). Discussion: Our data show that outcomes after EVT in routine clinical practice are improving, likely attributable to improved workflow and experience.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhail Al Rukn ◽  
Michael V Mazya ◽  
Faycal Hentati ◽  
Samia Ben Sassi ◽  
Fatma Nabli ◽  
...  

Background and methods Stroke incidence and mortality are reported to have increased in the Middle-East and North African (MENA) countries during the last decade. This was a prospective observational study to examine the baseline characteristics of stroke patients in the MENA region and to compare the MENA vs. the non-MENA stroke cohort in the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke (SITS) International Registry. Results Of the 13,822 patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke enrolled in the SITS-All Patients Protocol between June 2014 and May 2016, 5897 patients (43%) were recruited in MENA. The median onset-to-door time was 5 h (IQR: 2:20–13:00), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 8 (4–13) and age was 65 years (56–76). Hypertension (66%) and diabetes (38%) were the prevailing risk factors; large artery stenosis > 50% (25.3%) and lacunar strokes (24.1%) were the most common ischemic stroke etiologies. In comparison, non-MENA countries displayed an onset-to-door time of 5:50 h (2:00–18:45), a median of NIHSS 6 (3–14), and a median age of 66 (56–76), with other large vessel disease and cardiac embolism as the main ischemic stroke etiologies. Hemorrhagic strokes (10%) were less common compared to non-MENA countries (13.9%). In MENA, only a low proportion of patients (21%) was admitted to stroke units. Conclusions MENA patients are slightly younger, have a higher prevalence of diabetes and slightly more severe ischemic strokes, commonly of atherosclerotic or microvascular etiology. Admission into stroke units and long-term follow-up need to be improved. It is suspected that cardiac embolism and atrial fibrillation are currently underdiagnosed in MENA countries.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Ioanna Stefanou ◽  
Vera Stadler ◽  
Dominik Baku ◽  
Florian Hennersdorf ◽  
Ulrike Ernemann ◽  
...  

Background: Interhospital transfer for endovascular treatment (EVT) within neurovascular networks might result in transfer of patients who will not undergo EVT (futile transfer). Limited evidence exists on factors associated with the primary patient selection for interhospital transfer from primary stroke centers (PSCs) to comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs), or EVT-workflow parameters that may render a transfer futile.Methods: A prospective, registry-based study was performed between July 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018, at a hub-and-spoke neurovascular network in southwest Germany, comprising 12 referring PSCs and one designated CSC providing round-the-clock EVT at the University Hospital Tübingen. Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to suspected large artery occlusion (LAO) were included upon emergency interhospital transfer inquiry (ITI).Results: ITI was made for 154 patients, 91 (59%) of whom were transferred to the CSC. Non-transferred patients (41%) had significantly higher premorbid modified Rankin scale scores (mRS) compared to transferred patients [median (IQR): 2 (1–3) vs. 0 (0–1), p &lt; 0.001]. Interhospital transfer was denied due to: distal vessel occlusion (44.4%), or non-verifiable LAO (33.3%) in computed tomography angiography (CTA) upon teleconsultation by CSC neuroradiologists; limited Stroke-Unit or ventilation capacity (9.5%), or limited neuroradiological capacity at the CSC (12.7%). The CT-to-ITI interval was significantly longer in patients denied interhospital transfer [median (IQR): 43 (29–56) min] compared to transferred patients [29 (15–55), p = 0.029]. No further differences in EVT-workflow, and no differences in the 3-month mRS outcomes were noted between non-transferred and transferred patients [median (IQR): 2 (0–5) vs. 3 (1–4), p = 0.189]. After transfer to the CSC, 44 (48%) patients underwent EVT. The Alberta stroke program early CT score [ORadj (95% CI): 1.786 (1.573–2.028), p &lt; 0.001] and the CT-to-ITI interval [0.994 (0.991–0.998), p = 0.001] were significant predictors of the likelihood of EVT performance.Conclusion: Our findings show that hub-and-spoke neurovascular network infrastructures efficiently enable access to EVT to patients with AIS due to LAO, who are primarily admitted to PSCs without on-site EVT availability. As in real-world settings optimal allocation of EVT resources is warranted, teleconsultation by experienced endovascular interventionists and prompt interhospital-transfer-inquiries are crucial to reduce the futile transfer rates and optimize patient selection for EVT within neurovascular networks.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 980-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Al-Rukn ◽  
M Mazya ◽  
N Akhtar ◽  
H Hashim ◽  
B Mansouri ◽  
...  

Background and methods Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in the Middle-East and North African (MENA) countries is still confined to the main urban and university hospitals. This was a prospective observational study to examine outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis-treated stroke patients in the MENA region compared to the non-MENA stroke cohort in the SITS International Registry. Results Of 32,160 patients with ischemic stroke registered using the SITS intravenous thrombolysis protocol between June 2014 and May 2016, 500 (1.6%) were recruited in MENA. Compared to non-MENA (all p < 0.001), median age in MENA was 55 versus 73 years, NIH Stroke Scale score 12 versus 9, onset-to-treatment time 138 versus 155 min and door-to-needle time 54 min versus 64 min. Hypertension was the most reported risk factor, but lower in MENA (51.7 vs. 69.7%). Diabetes was more frequent in MENA (28.5 vs. 20.8%) as well as smoking (20.8 vs. 15.9%). Hyperlipidemia was less observed in MENA (17.6 vs. 29.3%). Functional independence (mRS 0–2) at seven days or discharge was similar (53% vs. 52% in non-MENA), with mortality slightly lower in MENA (2.3% vs. 4.8%). SICH rates by SITS-MOST definition were low (<1.4%) in both groups. Conclusions Intravenous thrombolysis patients in MENA were younger, had more severe strokes and more often diabetes. Although stroke severity was higher in MENA, short-term functional independency and mortality were not worse compared to non-MENA, which could partly be explained by younger age and shorter OTT in MENA. Decreasing the burden of stroke in this young population should be prioritized.


Stroke ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmee Venema ◽  
Adrien E. Groot ◽  
Hester F. Lingsma ◽  
Wouter Hinsenveld ◽  
Kilian M. Treurniet ◽  
...  

Background and Purpose— To assess the effect of inter-hospital transfer on time to treatment and functional outcome after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke, we compared patients transferred from a primary stroke center to patients directly admitted to an intervention center in a large nationwide registry. Methods— MR CLEAN (Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands) Registry is an ongoing, prospective, observational study in all centers that perform EVT in the Netherlands. We included adult patients with an acute anterior circulation stroke who received EVT between March 2014 to June 2016. Primary outcome was time from arrival at the first hospital to arterial groin puncture. Secondary outcomes included the 90-day modified Rankin Scale score and functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2). Results— In total 821/1526 patients, (54%) were transferred from a primary stroke center. Transferred patients less often had prestroke disability (227/800 [28%] versus 255/699 [36%]; P =0.02) and more often received intravenous thrombolytics (659/819 [81%] versus 511/704 [73%]; P <0.01). Time from first presentation to groin puncture was longer for transferred patients (164 versus 104 minutes; P <0.01, adjusted delay 57 minutes [95% CI, 51–62]). Transferred patients had worse functional outcome (adjusted common OR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.62–0.90]) and less often achieved functional independence (244/720 [34%] versus 289/681 [42%], absolute risk difference −8.5% [95% CI, −8.7 to −8.3]). Conclusions— Interhospital transfer of patients with acute ischemic stroke is associated with delay of EVT and worse outcomes in routine clinical practice, even in a country where between-center distances are short. Direct transportation of patients potentially eligible for EVT to an intervention center may improve functional outcome.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingli Liu ◽  
Minghui Chen ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Yongli Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Background and purpose Safety and predictors of rescue therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis still remain unclear. This study aimed to test safety of rescue therapy and evaluate predictors of it after failed mechanical thrombectomy.Methods This retrospective study enrolled consecutively 245 patients with acute ischemic stroke treated by endovascular treatment from March 2016 to April 2019 in a single stroke center. We analyzed the clinical data and laboratory test for safety and predictors of rescue therapy. Binary logistic analysis was applied to confirm the independently relationship.Results There were totally 145 patients enrolled among 245 patients. Rescue therapy was independently associated with the excellent outcome [p=0.048, adjusted OR: 2.655, 95%CI: 1.008 – 6.989] and longer procedure time of endovascular treatment [p=0.004, adjusted OR: 3.722, 95%CI: 1.519-9.122], but there was no significance on complications and mortality. Prestrike incidence [p=0.004, adjusted OR:4.427, 95%CI:1.618-12.114], use of rt-PA [p=0.003, adjusted OR:4.792, 95%CI:1.688-13.602], tandem occlusion [p=0.001, adjusted OR:0.021, 95%CI:0.002-0.194], PLT [p=0.012, adjusted OR:3.234, 95%CI:1.289-8.113], P-LCR>42.3% [p=0.031, adjusted OR:0.132, 95%CI:0.021-0.827] were independent predictors of rescue therapy.Conclusions Rescue therapy for acute ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis costs more procedure time of endovascular treatment, but it can successfully recanalize the occlusive large artery and is independently related to the excellent clinical outcome without increasing ICH, sICH, reocclusion and others. Prestroke incidence, use of rt-PA, tandem occlusion, PLT and P-LCR may be independent predictors of rescue therapy in acute ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis.


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