Cross-modal Interactions in Time and Space: Auditory Influence on Visual Attention in Hemispatial Neglect

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1368-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Van Vleet ◽  
Lynn C. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Tone Presentation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hemispatial Neglect ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Modal Interactions

Recent studies indicate that auditory tone presentation and auditory alerting can temporarily ameliorate visuospatial attention deficits in patients with unilateral neglect [Frassinetti, F., Pavani, F., & Ladavas, E. Acoustical vision of neglected stimuli: Interaction among spatially converging audiovisual inputs in neglect patients. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 62–69, 2002; Robertson, I. H., Mattingley, J. B., Rorden, C., & Driver, J. Phasic alerting of neglect patients overcomes their spatial deficit in visual awareness. Nature, 395, 169–172, 1998]. The current study investigated proposed mechanisms of cross-modal interaction to determine conditions in which auditory stimulation affects spatial and nonspatially lateralized attention deficits in a patient with hemispatial neglect. In Experiment 1, a target was presented among related distracters (conjunction search) while a tone was presented either bilaterally or in a congruent or incongruent spatial location with respect to the visual target. Whereas the results suggest a benefit of both general alerting and cross-modal spatial integration on visual search efficiency, the most significant improvement occurred when the target and tone were both presented in contralesional space. In Experiment 2, the effect of auditory alerting on selective attention was examined in a rapid serial visual search procedure with visual targets embedded in a stream of distracters presented at central fixation. When two targets were presented without an alerting tone, the patient missed the second target for up to 1000 msec after the first target appeared (a finding known as the “attentional blink” [AB] and, on average, about 400–500 msec in normals). An alerting tone presented at a fixed temporal location significantly reduced the AB in a tone-duration-dependent manner. Experiment 3 examined the effect of cross-modal space on selective attention in an AB paradigm in which T2 occurred randomly to the left or right of T1 with a spatially congruent or incongruent tone. Discrimination of T2 in contralesional space significantly improved when the tone was presented in the same location, and was impaired when the tone was presented on the ipsilesional side. The findings are discussed as they relate to cross-modal interactions and their influence on spatial and nonspatially lateralized attention deficits in neglect.

SELECTIVE ATTENTION DEFICITS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA.

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 239B
Author(s):  
S Lemelin ◽  
P Baruch ◽  
J Everett ◽  
R H Bouchard ◽  
E Pourcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Selective Attention Deficits

Abstract W MP53: The Prevalence and Characteristics of Attention Disorders in The Patients with First-onset Mild Hemorrhagic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruki Tokida ◽  
Masakazu Nishigaki ◽  
Masaru Kuriyama
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Attention Disorders ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Mild Stroke

Objectives: Recent study revealed that over 50 % of stroke patients had some form of attention deficits. However, few reports focused on acute phase and mild stroke patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of attention disorders and the change of their symptoms during the hospitalization in the patients with first-onset mild hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: Study subjects were 231 consecutive patients diagnosed as hemorrhage stroke and treated at our hospital from 2011 to 2012. Patients with severe hemorrhage (i.e., amount of bleeding >5cc), with previous history of cerebrovascular diseases or dementia, with decreased level of consciousness or with impaired activity of daily living were not eligible to this study. Neuropsychological assessments were conducted by speech therapists at 1 and 2 week after stroke onset using Clinical Assessment for Attention (CAT) and examined how they changed. CAT was a test battery developed by the Japan Society for Higher Brain Dysfunction to evaluate deficit of attention disorders. Results: Among the study subjects, 46 patients met the selection criteria and 16 patients (34.8%, 6 men, mean age was 66) were identified as having attention disorders. Bleeding lesions were left putamen (n=3), right putamen (n=9) and right thalamus (n=4). Significant improvements were observed in two types of focused attention and auditory selective attention measures: percentage of correct answers of Visual Cancellation Task (VCT, p=0.027) and Auditory Detection Task (ADT, p = 0.01). Additionally, working hours in VCT was significantly shortened, and the false-negative rate was also significantly decreased (p= 0.028). In ADT, the false-positive rate was significantly decreased (p= 0.012). No significant changes were observed in other type of tasks. Discussion: More than one-third of patients showed attention deficits even though they had mild stroke. Only focused and selective attentions were improved in acute phase of mild stroke. These results suggested that improvement in focused and selective attention precede improvement in other attentional functions.

S198. Preliminary Analysis of Selective Attention Deficits in First-Episode Schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. S424-S425
Author(s):  
Alfredo L. Sklar ◽  
Brian A. Coffman ◽  
Timothy K. Murphy ◽  
Gretchen Haas ◽  
Dean Salisbury
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Selective Attention Deficits ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Neuronal modulation in the mouse superior colliculus during covert visual selective attention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lupeng Wang ◽  
James P. Herman ◽  
Richard J. Krauzlis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Uncued Location ◽  
Visual Selective Attention ◽  
Covert Visual Attention

AbstractCovert visual attention is accomplished by a cascade of mechanisms distributed across multiple brain regions. Recent studies in primates suggest a parcellation in which visual cortex is associated with enhanced representations of relevant stimuli, whereas subcortical circuits are associated with selection of visual targets and suppression of distractors. Here we identified how neuronal activity in the superior colliculus (SC) of head-fixed mice is modulated during covert visual attention. We found that spatial cues modulated both firing rate and spike-count correlations, and that the cue-related modulation in firing rate was due to enhancement of activity at the cued spatial location rather than suppression at the uncued location. This modulation improved the neuronal discriminability of visual-change-evoked activity between contralateral and ipsilateral SC neurons. Together, our findings indicate that neurons in the mouse SC contribute to covert visual selective attention by biasing processing in favor of locations expected to contain relevant information.

scholarly journals Visual search for people among people

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuba Papeo ◽  
Salvador Soto-Faraco
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Visual Feature ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
Visual Scenes ◽  
Task Parameters ◽  
Individual Body

Humans can effectively search visual scenes by spatial location, visual feature or whole object. Here, we show that visual search can also benefit from fast appraisal of relations between individuals in human groups. Healthy adults searched for a facing (seemingly interacting) body-dyad among nonfacing dyads, or vice versa. We varied the task parameters to emphasize processing of targets or distractors. Facing-dyad targets were more likely to recruit attention than nonfacing-dyad targets (Experiments 1-2-4). Facing-dyad distractors were checked and rejected more efficiently than nonfacing-dyad distractors (Experiment 3). Moreover, search for an individual body was harder when it was embedded in a facing, than a nonfacing dyad (Experiment 5). We propose that fast grouping of interacting bodies in one attentional unit is the mechanism that accounts for efficient processing of dyads and for the inefficient access to individual parts within a dyad.

Selective attention modulates implicit learning

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1105-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhong Jiang ◽  
Marvin M. Chun
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Implicit Learning ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Contextual Cueing ◽  
Predictive Information

The effect of selective attention on implicit learning was tested in four experiments using the “contextual cueing” paradigm (Chun & Jiang, 1998, 1999). Observers performed visual search through items presented in an attended colour (e.g., red) and an ignored colour (e.g., green). When the spatial configuration of items in the attended colour was invariant and was consistently paired with a target location, visual search was facilitated, showing contextual cueing (Experiments 1, 3, and 4). In contrast, repeating and pairing the configuration of the ignored items with the target location resulted in no contextual cueing (Experiments 2 and 4). We conclude that implicit learning is robust only when relevant, predictive information is selectively attended.

scholarly journals Attentional Modulation of Visual Spatial Integration: Psychophysical Evidence Supported by Population Coding Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1329-1342
Author(s):  
Alessandro Grillini ◽  
Remco J. Renken ◽  
Frans W. Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Population Coding ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Neural Populations ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Neuronal Encoding ◽  
The Brain

Two prominent strategies that the human visual system uses to reduce incoming information are spatial integration and selective attention. Whereas spatial integration summarizes and combines information over the visual field, selective attention can single it out for scrutiny. The way in which these well-known mechanisms—with rather opposing effects—interact remains largely unknown. To address this, we had observers perform a gaze-contingent search task that nudged them to deploy either spatial or feature-based attention to maximize performance. We found that, depending on the type of attention employed, visual spatial integration strength changed either in a strong and localized or a more modest and global manner compared with a baseline condition. Population code modeling revealed that a single mechanism can account for both observations: Attention acts beyond the neuronal encoding stage to tune the spatial integration weights of neural populations. Our study shows how attention and integration interact to optimize the information flow through the brain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document