Salt tolerance of Rana temporaria: spawning site selection and survival during embryonic development (Amphibia, Anura)

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Viertel
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Spawning Site ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractSpawning site selection of Rana temporaria is dependent on the salinity of the water. In the nature reserve 'Salzwiesen von Münzenberg' (Germany) the frogs avoided increased conductivity values, Cl- ion concentrations and salinities and selected lower values for spawning. In the laboratory Gosner stages 20/21 to 22/23 were more sensitive to sodium than the earlier G stages 8 to 20/21 (exposition for 72 h) though they were exposed for the shorter time period of 24 h. The 'no observed effect concentration' (NOEC) between G stages 8/9 and 20/21 was 648 ppm (3350 μS, 2.2‰ salinity) for Na+ and 1872 ppm (6500 μS, 4.0‰ salinity) for K+. The NOEC between G stages 20/21 and 22/23 was 1490 ppm (7400 μS, 4.5‰ salinity) for Na+ and for K+ also 1872 ppm (6500 μS, 4.0‰ salinity). All developmental stages tolerated much higher ion concentrations and conductivity values in the laboratory than the adult frogs selected for spawning.

Spawning Site Selection of the Endangered Horseshoe Crab Tachyplenus Tridentatus at Tsuyazaki Cove in Fukuoka, Japan

APAC 2019 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 959-963
Author(s):  
Shinji Itaya ◽  
Satoque Seino ◽  
Mari Shuuno ◽  
Ayumu Sakurada ◽  
Ryuto Koshiguchi
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Spawning Site ◽  
Selection Of

Integrating Hydroacoustic and Optical Video Technologies to Identify the Riverbed Substrate at the Spawning Reach of Chinese Sturgeon

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1235-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Cheng You Wang ◽  
Hao Du ◽  
Jin Ming Wu ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Chinese Sturgeon ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Acoustic Backscattering ◽  
Spawning Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medium Diameter ◽  
Selection Of

Riverbed substrate is important to many riverine organisms, however, it is normally difficult to study the substrate intensively especially in large and fast flowing rivers. The Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis is a critically endangered fish species, it spawns on a specific riverbed substrate. In this paper, the hydroacoustic and underwater optical video technologies were integrated to study the riverbed substrate at the only remaining spawning area of the fish. Sixteen samples were firstly studied to verify the relationship between acoustic backscattering characteristics (hardness and roughness) and video observed characteristics (embeddedness and medium diameter of the grain). Then eight vertical mobile hydroacoustic surveys were conducted to acoustically map the 16 km spawning reach. The results revealed that the heterogeneous mix of boulder/cobble and sand was the dominant substrate at the spawning reach. However, the embeddedness and medium diameter of the grain varied within the area which tend to affect the spawning site selection of the fish. This study indicated that the combination of hydroacoustic and optical video technologies could be very useful to study the riverbed substrate in river ecological issues.

Selection of Artificial Spawning Sites by the Spotfin Shiner (Notropis spilopterus)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1906-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Gale ◽  
Cynthia A. Gale
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
Susquehanna River ◽  
Spawning Site ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Spawning Sites

In 1975 experiments were conducted in the Susquehanna River, near Berwick, Pennsylvania, to investigate spawning-site selection of the spotfin shiner (Notropis spilopterus), a crevice spawner. Results of experiment A revealed that visual cues and water currents were important in spawning-site selection. Spotfins deposited 43.638 eggs on black discs and only 2 eggs on clear discs; 87% of the eggs were in horizontal crevices and the remainder in vertical crevices paralleling (7%) and perpendicular (6%) to the current. Fish spawned over the entire disc in slow currents but avoided strong currents (0.57 m/s) by spawning on the downstream side of the discs. Nearly 90% of the eggs were deposited in crevices 1.5 and 3.0 mm wide, the two smallest sizes. In angular crevices 15–90° from horizontal, fish deposited 74% of 8,358 eggs in the 15° crevice and 24% in the 30° crevice.In experiment B, a stack of black acrylic plates was placed near the river surface, at midwater, and near the bottom; in July fish deposited 91% of 13.088 eggs in the bottom stack. By mid-August stack usage had changed and 80% of 11,456 eggs were in the surface stack; the others were in the midwater stack. Rate of egg deposition on acrylic plates between July 10 and August 20 peaked in early August.In experiment C, 95% of 46,328 eggs were placed in crevices between blue (55%) and black (40%) plates; other colors were green (4%), red (1%), and white, yellow, and orange (< 1%). Fish usually spawned on the plates between 0600 and 1000; spawning did not occur at night.The spotfin has potential as a bioassay organism because of its wide distribution, the ease with which large numbers of its eggs can be collected, its extended breeding season, and the simplicity of rearing the young.

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