The New Egyptian Constitution of 2012

Bawar Bammarny

doi:10.1163/15730255-12341260

The New Egyptian Constitution of 2012

Arab Law Quarterly ◽

10.1163/15730255-12341260 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 281-288

Author(s):

Bawar Bammarny

Keyword(s):

Arab Countries ◽

Major Threat ◽

Step Down ◽

Role Of Religion ◽

The Way

Abstract Nearly 64% of eligible Egyptians had approved the new Egyptian constitution in a referendum. However, the new Egyptian constitution is very controversial. Some Egyptian politicians see this constitution as a major threat to democracy and call for a solution to reintroduce the Egyptian Constitution of 1971, although in the new constitution as opposed to the old constitution the way to absolutism and autocracy is blocked, mainly due to the limitation of power of the President. In particular the president is now elected for four years instead of six years and may be re-elected only once. The experience in Egypt and other Arab countries since their independence shows that the rulers never want to step down and wish to bequeath the Republics to their children. But there are several contentious issues in the new Egyptian constitution, in particular, about the role of religion.

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Civil Religion or Nationalism? The National Day Celebrations in Norway

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel12030206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 206

Author(s):

Pål Ketil Botvar

Keyword(s):

National Identity ◽

General Population ◽

Civil Religion ◽

Religious Nationalism ◽

Theoretical Concepts ◽

Role Of Religion ◽

Better Than ◽

The Way

The Norwegian National Day (17 May, also referred to as Constitution Day) stands out as one of the most popular National Day celebrations in Europe. According to surveys, around seven out of every 10 Norwegians take part in a public celebration during this day. This means that the National Day potentially has an impact on the way people reflect upon national identity and its relationship to the Lutheran heritage. In this paper, I will focus on the role religion plays in the Norwegian National Day rituals. Researchers have described these rituals as both containing a significant religious element and being rather secularized. In this article, I discuss the extent to which the theoretical concepts civil religion and religious nationalism can help us understand the role of religion, or the absence of religion, in these rituals. Based on surveys of the general population, I analyze both indicators of civil religion and religious nationalism. The two phenomena are compared by looking at their relation to such items as patriotism, chauvinism, and xenophobia. The results show that civil religion explains participation in the National Day rituals better than religious nationalism.

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The Ancient Egyptians’ “Religious World”: The Foundation of Egyptian Law

Journal for Semitics ◽

10.25159/2663-6573/4389 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nico Van Blerk

Keyword(s):

Ancient Egypt ◽

Eternal Life ◽

Life After Death ◽

Ancient Egyptian ◽

Role Of Religion ◽

The Way

The aim of this paper is to indicate the importance of religion in ancient Egypt and to indicate that this was the foundation for ancient Egyptian law. In order to understand ancient Egyptian law, it is important to understand the role of religion as background to its development. Religion played an important role in the ancient Egyptians’ understanding of their world, specifically the belief in maat. Religion, and specifically maat, influenced everything they did. Their whole life and the way they operated as a society was based on the principles of maat, since living in accordance with maat would ensure eternal life, life after death. It was essentially maat which made law necessary in ancient Egypt.

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‘This heaped-up autobiography’: The Role of Religion in Elizabeth Bishop’s Poetry

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421331.003.0007 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 90-103

Author(s):

Marcel Inhoff

Keyword(s):

Religious Tradition ◽

Religious Poetry ◽

Late Work ◽

Teresa Of Avila ◽

Role Of Religion ◽

The Way ◽

Religious Autobiography

This chapter examines poems from Bishop’s early, middle and late work. It focuses in particular on the way she uses landscapes, animals, other people and objects to characterize her speakers. The chapter argues that Bishop's reason for adopting this strategy can be found in her reading and understanding of a certain religious tradition, particularly various classics of religious autobiography, including those of St Augustine, Kierkegaard and Teresa of Avila, and the religious poetry of Herbert and Hopkins. This leads to a discussion of Baudelaire's role in her work, an aspect that has not been widely discussed in Bishop scholarship so far.

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“Entrance Free—we are Looking Forward to your Visit!”: Public Events as Strategies of Legitimisation in Immigrant Religious Organisations

Journal of Religion in Europe ◽

10.1163/18748929-00904004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 369-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Veronika Rückamp ◽

Katharina Limacher

Keyword(s):

Institutional Theory ◽

Religious Tradition ◽

New Institutional Theory ◽

Public Event ◽

The Public ◽

Public Events ◽

Basic Concepts ◽

Role Of Religion ◽

The Way

Public events by immigrant religious organisations are a fairly new phenomenon in European societies. This article analyses and compares two such events: Diwali Mela, the Hindu festival of lights, and the Open Mosque Day organised by Muslim umbrella organisations. Using basic concepts of new institutional theory, we will show how immigrant religious organisations adopt established event formats and translate them into their own context. Interestingly, different factors influence the way they present themselves and their religious tradition at the public event. Three of these factors are of major impact: the secular image of the role of religion in society, the discourse about Islam and Hinduism, and finally the organisations’ own religious concepts. We argue that the action generated out of this leads to the masking of two major aspects of religion: the rites and the believers.

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Revisiting the Islamist–Secular divide: Parties and voters in the Arab world

International Political Science Review ◽

10.1177/0192512118784225 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 558-575 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eva Wegner ◽

Francesco Cavatorta

Keyword(s):

Arab World ◽

Electoral Politics ◽

Arab Countries ◽

World Values Survey ◽

Politics And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

Ideological Congruence ◽

Role Of Religion ◽

Secular Left

Electoral politics in the Arab world are either portrayed as clientelistic affairs void of content or as highly ideological clashes between Islamist and Secular Left forces. Although both arguments are intuitively appealing, the empirical evidence to date is limited. This article seeks to contribute to the debate by investigating the extent of programmatic voter support for Islamist and Secular Left parties in seven Arab countries with data from recent surveys by the Arab Barometer, Afrobarometer and World Values Survey. Ideological congruence between voters and parties exists but is limited to the Islamist–Secular core divide with regard to the role of religion in politics and gender values. In contrast, there are virtually no differences in economic attitudes between respondents and there is no evidence of class-based voting, with Islamist and Secular Left parties sharing the same voter base of better-off, more educated voters. Core results are robust across surveys.

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MANUSCRIPT EVIDENCE FOR ALPHABET-SWITCHING IN THE WORKS OF CICERO: COMMON NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

The Classical Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0009838818000472 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 498-516

Author(s):

Neil O'Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Recent Work ◽

Code Switching ◽

Consistent Pattern ◽

Current Interest ◽

Reliable Transmission ◽

Accurate Record ◽

The Way

Of the hundreds of Greek common nouns and adjectives preserved in our MSS of Cicero, about three dozen are found written in the Latin alphabet as well as in the Greek. So we find, alongside συμπάθεια, also sympathia, and ἱστορικός as well as historicus. This sort of variation has been termed alphabet-switching; it has received little attention in connection with Cicero, even though it is relevant to subjects of current interest such as his bilingualism and the role of code-switching and loanwords in his works. Rather than addressing these issues directly, this discussion sets out information about the way in which the words are written in our surviving MSS of Cicero and takes further some recent work on the presentation of Greek words in Latin texts. It argues that, for the most part, coherent patterns and explanations can be found in the alphabetic choices exhibited by them, or at least by the earliest of them when there is conflict in the paradosis, and that this coherence is evidence for a generally reliable transmission of Cicero's original choices. While a lack of coherence might indicate unreliable transmission, or even an indifference on Cicero's part, a consistent pattern can only really be explained as an accurate record of coherent alphabet choice made by Cicero when writing Greek words.

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