The Pahlavi Literature of the 9th Century and Greek Philosophy

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Götz König
Keyword(s):  
General Interest ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Classical Greece ◽  
The Times

Since the Hellenistic times (if not earlier) Iran participates in the philosophical development of classical Greece. In the times of the Sasanians some knowledge of Aristotelian and Neo-Platonic thinking is detectable, and treatises were written for Xosrō I by philosophers who were well acquainted with the writings of Aristotle. It was always maintained that also Sasanian Zoroastrianism was affected through these Greek-Iranian contacts. But it is remarkable that among the Zoroastrian writings of the 9th-10th centuries only two books–Dēnkard 3 and Škand Gumānīg Wīzār–seem to be substantially influenced by Aristotelian/Neo-Platonic terms and concepts. The paper deals with the question whether the Greek elements within these texts should not better be understood as the fruit of a Zoroastrian participation in the general interest of the Islamic world in Greek thinking in Abbasid Baghdad.

Players and Painted Stage: Nineteenth Century Acting

PMLA ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-576
Author(s):  
Alan S. Downer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
General Interest ◽  
The Times ◽  
Edmund Kean

In an earlier paper, I undertook to show that the style of acting in the serious drama of the eighteenth century closely paralleled the general interest of the century in the imitation of nature—of nature methodized. Four principal “schools,” varying in technique but not in purpose, were examined: Betterton, the Cibber-Booth-Wilks Triumvirate, Macklin-Garrick, and Kemble-Siddons. The fourth school, with which the paper arbitrarily ended, extends well beyond the eighteenth century and provides a natural introduction to the study of acting techniques in the Romantic and Victorian periods. Like the eighteenth, the nineteenth century is primarily a century of great actors rather than great plays, and it is to the actors, rather than to the playwrights, that we must turn to find the theatrical expression of the spirit of the times. Edmund Kean and William C. Macready represent the earlier and later stages of romanticism as accurately as Shelley and Tennyson, and Victorianism is as plainly marked in Alfred Wigan and Irving as in Ruskin or Trollope.

“The Sciences of the Ancients”: Speculation on the Origins of Philosophy, Medicine, and the Exact Sciences

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. McCants
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Near East ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ancient Near East ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Classical Greece ◽  
Medicine And Philosophy ◽  
Science Philosophy

This chapter discusses the attempts to explain the origins of science, philosophy, and medicine. In classical Greece, medicine and philosophy were held to be Greek inventions, whereas the mathematical, or exact, sciences were believed to have originated in the ancient Near East, usually Egypt or Babylon. In the Hellenistic and Roman periods, the “barbarian” nations also laid claim to medicine and philosophy, with some Greek and Roman agreement. Jews in particular focused on philosophy when advancing their claims to civilizational priority rather than laying claim to the other sciences or civilization in general. This was for at least two reasons. First, soon after Alexander's conquests, Greeks promulgated the image of Jews as a philosophical race; when Greek and Roman authors later started to portray Jews as misanthropic outsiders, Jewish scholars sought to reinforce the earlier positive, transconfessional image. Second, once the Hebrew Bible was translated into Greek, Greek-speaking Jews could read their scriptures and note parallels with Greek philosophy.

Meaning in Islamic philosophy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Leaman
Keyword(s):  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The People ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Right

The discussion of the notion of meaning in Islamic philosophy is heavily influenced by theological and legal debates about the interpretation of Islam, and about who has the right to pronounce on interpretation. The introduction of Greek philosophy into the Islamic world produced a new set of authorities on how to interpret texts, and this led to arguments over the potential benefits of the new approaches as compared with the traditional Islamic sciences. The discussion came to centre on the nature of ambiguity, equivocation and analogy, with different philosophers adopting diverse theories and thus attaining a variety of conclusions about how to interpret meaning. These variations have powerful implications for the understanding of their thought. Not only do the different approaches result in different conclusions, they also represent different approaches to the whole philosophical enterprise. The topic of meaning is not so much an aspect of Islamic philosophy as an interpretation of how to do Islamic philosophy itself. The main issues focus on identifying the people best qualified to interpret texts, valid interpretations of the texts, and the notion of meaning that should be employed in our understanding of the texts.

scholarly journals Menguak Hal-Hal Penting Dalam Pemikiran Filsafat al-Kindi

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-206
Author(s):  
Havis Aravik ◽  
Hoirul Amri
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe history of Islamic thought is inseparable from the transformation of knowledge from cultural thoughts outside of Islam, including Greek philosophy. The project was initiated by the Abbasids and reached its peak when power was held by the Caliph al-Harun Ar-Rasyid and al-Makmun. The most meritorious person and considered the first philosopher in the Islamic world was al-Kindi. This article discusses important matters in al-Kindi's philosophical thinking. With the aim to find out how the philosophical thinking of al-Kindi. This article uses library-based qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive approach and technical descriptive analysis and content analysis. The results of this study show that al-Kindi was a philosopher who brought philosophy into the Islamic world. The things in al-Kindi's thinking are the relationship between Religion and Philosophy, divinity philosophy, philosophy of soul, mind, and spirit, infinity to the concept of reason.Keywords: al-Kindi, Philosophy, God, Spirit, and Intellect. AbstrakSejarah pemikiran Islam tidak lepas dari transformasi ilmu dari pemikiran-pemikiran kebudayaan di luar agama Islam, termasuk filsafat Yunani. Proyek tersebut digagas oleh Bani Abbasiyyah dan mencapai puncaknya ketika kekuasaan dipegang oleh Khalifah al-Harun Ar-Rasyid dan al-Makmun. Orang yang paling berjasa dan dianggap filosof pertama dalam dunia Islam adalah al-Kindi. Artikel ini membahas tentang hal-hal penting dalam pemikiran filsafat al-Kindi. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemikiran filsafat al-Kindi. Artikel ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif berbasis kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan teknis analisis deskriptif dan content analysis. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa al-Kindi merupakan seorang filosof yang membawa filsafat ke dalam dunia Islam. Hal-hal dalam pemikiran al-Kindi adalah hubungan Agama dan Filsafat, filsafat ketuhanan, filsafat jiwa, akal dan ruh, ketakterhinggaan sampai konsep akal.Kata Kunci: al-Kindi, Filsafat, Tuhan, Ruh dan Akal.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Mahmud Yunus dan Muhammad ‘Athiyah Al-Abrasyi

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Juwariyah Juwariyah
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Education ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The Times

AbstractThe aim of the study on the thought of Mahmud Yunus and Muhammad Atiyah al-Abrasyi about  the definition and components of Islamic Education is meant to knowin detail and to identify their ideas about the definition and scope of Islamic education.Given that education is an activity that is required to be able to keep up with the timesfrom the various changes and to be able to answer the challenges of the times in thefuture, so that the definition and education components should always be reviewed tokeep up with the demands of time. Therefore, this research is expected to give a significantcontribution to the effort in promoting Islamic education, especially in Indonesia andgenerally in Islamic world.

The Personality of an Idol

1927 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Duff
Keyword(s):  
General Interest ◽  
Privy Council ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
The Times

In the spring of 1925, the public fancy was caught for a moment by a Privy Council case involving the legal position of Hindu idols. The Times newspaper discussed it in a leading article. The case was fully reported in India and attracted some attention there; but, though it was also reported here, it does not seem to have interested English lawyers. Few readers of this Journal are particularly concerned with the technicalities of Hindu law, but the case seems to have for students of jurisprudence a much more general interest.

scholarly journals PERAN PENTING PENDIDIKAN DALAM TRANSMISI FILSAFAT YUNANI KE DUNIA ISLAM

Edupedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Djuwairiyah Djuwairiyah ◽  
Noviasari Maimunah
Keyword(s):  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The encounter of Greek philosophy and the Islamic paradigm produce a glorious civilization in the Islamic world. Furthermore, Islamic civilization became the center of the science development and was visited by a number of Western scholars to enhance knowledge. In addition to the Qur'an and hadith, one aspect of science that is no less important in the Islamic advancement is philosophy. A few indicators supporting the entry of Greek philosophy into the Islamic world include the establishment of a magnificent library, baitul hikmah, and the association of Muslim scholars who founded the first institute. Which are the shoots of the most urgent education post the establishment of the Alexandria Museum.

scholarly journals DOING BUSINESS IN ISLAMIC COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Andreu Escario
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Islamic Countries ◽  
Special Relevance

The so called “Islamic world”, no doubts about, is a general interest topic, and of special relevance for Spain; from a single economic perspective, as an example, the ten years after the 2008 crisis have seen a significant positive contribution coming out from the duplication of exports to this environment, exports that account nowadays to 10% of the total volume of Spanish companies. This achievement, a relevant one, tops off centuries of privileged relations.

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