Ocean Fertilization as Climate Change Mitigation Measure—Consideration under International Law

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Ginzky
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mitigation Measure ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
London Protocol ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractOcean fertilization is, at least theoretically, perceived as an option to mitigate climate change. However, theoretical assumptions could not be proved by experiments, in fact recent experiments have endorsed existing doubts. On international level seems to be a far-reaching—at least political—consensus that ocean fertilization should not be applied as climate change mitigation measure, based inter alia on unknown risks for the marine environment. Currently the Contracting Parties of the London Protocol are negotiating an international ban of ocean fertilization projects. Only “legitimate scientific research” shall be exempted from the prohibition provided negative effects on the marine environment can be excluded in this field. There is an ongoing discussion on whether a prior permission regime for research projects would be an adequate and reasonable approach and—finally also—legally admissible.

scholarly journals Mitigation efforts will not fully alleviate the increase in water scarcity occurrence probability in wheat-producing areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. eaau2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Trnka ◽  
Song Feng ◽  
Mikhail A. Semenov ◽  
Jørgen E. Olesen ◽  
Kurt Christian Kersebaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Representative Concentration Pathway ◽  
Occurrence Probability ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Change Mitigation

Global warming is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of severe water scarcity (SWS) events, which negatively affect rain-fed crops such as wheat, a key source of calories and protein for humans. Here, we develop a method to simultaneously quantify SWS over the world’s entire wheat-growing area and calculate the probabilities of multiple/sequential SWS events for baseline and future climates. Our projections show that, without climate change mitigation (representative concentration pathway 8.5), up to 60% of the current wheat-growing area will face simultaneous SWS events by the end of this century, compared to 15% today. Climate change stabilization in line with the Paris Agreement would substantially reduce the negative effects, but they would still double between 2041 and 2070 compared to current conditions. Future assessments of production shocks in food security should explicitly include the risk of severe, prolonged, and near-simultaneous droughts across key world wheat-producing areas.

scholarly journals Impact of Green Financing on Carbon Drifts to Mitigate Climate Change: Mediating Role of Energy Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chang ◽  
Jianhe Wang ◽  
Ziman Xiang ◽  
Hongda Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change mitigation (CCM) has not been mainly understood and assessed in the terms of carbon drifts persisting at provincial level of China, and to respond the question that how green financing is better financing option for CCM. Thus, our study intends to test the role of green finance on carbon drifts to manage for the mitigation of climate change. For this, unit root test and panel co-integration technique is applied. Study findings reported that the intricate connection between place-and-time-specific GHG emission reduction responsibilities is significant with 18% and the ‘production’, trading and consumption of carbon allowances with 21% and offsets across vast time-space stretches related carbon drift is significant with 19.5% for climate change mitigation. For such significance, green financing is found imperative indicators which is significant at 27.1% with carbon drifts, and mitigates the climate change with 31.3%, which is, relatively high than usual climate change control practices. Our study also provides detailed policy implication on this topicality for associated stakeholder.

scholarly journals Support for climate change mitigation can be promoted by secure human attachment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia F Nisa ◽  
Jocelyn Belanger ◽  
Birga Mareen Schumpe ◽  
Edyta Sasin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
National Geographic ◽  
Climate Change Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Change Mitigation

Attachment is an ethological approach to the development of durable affective ties betweenhumans. We propose that secure attachment is crucial to understand climate change mitigationbecause the latter is inherently a communal phenomenon resulting from joint action, and requiring collective behavioral change. Here we show that secure (vs. insecure) attachment is associated with a higher willingness to pay taxes and prices to mitigate climate change (Study 1 N=1006 U.S. nationally representative sample). We also establish that priming attachment security increases acceptance (Study 2 N=173) and perceived responsibility about anthropogenic climate change (Study 3 N=209). Next, we show that priming attachment security, compared to a standard National Geographic video about climate change, increases monetary donations to a proenvironmental group in politically moderate and conservative individuals (Study 4 N=196). Lastly, in a preregistered field study conducted in the United Arab Emirates involving 130 nationalities (Study 5 N=143,558 food transactions), we show that an attachment-based message reduces food waste compared to a message related to carbon emissions. Our work suggests that a new avenue to promote climate change mitigation could be grounded in core ethological mechanisms associated with secure attachment.

Climate change-food security nexus in Burkina Faso.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (009) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid El-Bilali
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Change Mitigation

Abstract Climate change is expected to have far-reaching impacts on food security. Such impacts are likely to be higher in developing countries. This paper analyses the state of research on the nexus between climate change and food security in Burkina Faso. In particular, it sheds light on whether and how the scholarly literature addresses the impacts of climate change on the four dimensions of food security (i.e. food availability, food access, food utilisation and stability). It also explores the synergies and trade-offs between climate change mitigation/adaptation and food security. A search performed in April 2020 on the Web of Science yielded 243 records and 62 of them, which resulted eligible, were included in the systematic review. The literature shows that climate change will affect all the four dimensions of food security. However, most of the analysed literature addresses its effects on food availability. Indeed, it focuses on impacts on crop yields and climate suitability for crops (e.g. maize, millet, sorghum). Moreover, most of the impacts on the remaining food security dimensions stem from the negative effects on food production and supply (cf. food availability). The review also shows that, on the one hand, climate change mitigation can undermine food security and, on the other hand, agriculture intensification and some adaptation strategies, which aim to enhance food security, might increase emissions from agriculture. The dual climate change-food security relationship calls for integrated policies that address trade-offs and optimise co-benefits between 'climate action' and 'zero hunger' in Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Local Governments as Nodes for Greenhouse Gas Abatement: Climate Change Governance in Multi- Level Frameworks

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Franzén
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Abatement ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Governance

This research concentrates on the governance aspects of sustainability, and moreparticularly how local governments can work asnodes in a wider system of governance.The question at the center of the study is: how do cities address climate change mitigationand how do their actions relate to other levels of governance? The study takes a mixedqualitative-quantitative approach based on a multi-level theoretical framework to addressthe issue. The study concentrates on a smallnumber of cases and the material used isfound in official documents and semi-structured interviews with key individuals in thelocal governments. The results of the study show that the cities investigated do takeaction to mitigate climate change; however,their actions are heavily dependent on otherlevels of governance, i.e. regional or national, or other actors. This dependence,nonetheless, seems to be reciprocal. Thus, cities can constitute nodes or hubs in thegovernance of climate change mitigation,working simultaneously as actors ofimplementation and channelizing local knowledge and input.

scholarly journals Confronting the Challenge of Energy Governance

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Gunningham
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Energy Governance ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Energy Law ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractThere is a compelling argument for developing a low carbon emissions trajectory to mitigate climate change and for doing so urgently. What is needed is a transformation of the energy sector and an ‘energy revolution’. Such a revolution can only be achieved through effective energy governance nationally, regionally, and globally. But frequently such governance is constrained by the tensions between energy security, climate change mitigation and energy poverty. At national level, there is a chasm between what is needed and what governments do ‘on the ground’, while regionally and globally, collective action challenges have often presented insurmountable obstacles. The article examines what forms of energy law, regulation and governance are most needed to overcome these challenges and whether answers are most likely to be found in hierarchy, markets, or networks.

Human rights, harm, and climate change mitigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 416-435
Author(s):  
Brian Berkey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractA number of philosophers have resisted impersonal explanations of our obligation to mitigate climate change, and have developed accounts according to which these obligations are explained by human rights or harm-based considerations. In this paper I argue that several of these attempts to explain our mitigation obligations without appealing to impersonal factors fail, since they either cannot account for a plausibly robust obligation to mitigate, or have implausible implications in other cases. I conclude that despite the appeal of the motivations for rejecting the appeal to impersonal factors, such factors must play a prominent role in explaining our mitigation obligations.

Ability of Urban Planning Policy in Addressing Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Kiranmayi Raparthi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Planning Policies

Climate change is a multidimensional observable fact and is regarded as one of the greatest challenges human society is facing in the 21st century. Urban researchers advocate that well formulated urban spatial planning policy has the ability to mitigate climate change and adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change. However, there has been limited research on analysing the extent to which spatial planning policies address climate change mitigation and adaptation. This chapter presents a qualitative evaluation of urban spatial planning polices in India by assessing planning policies against an evaluation framework. The analysis highlights that there are limited climate change mitigation and adaptation indicators in planning documents, and these indicators have been very limitedly integrated in the planning documents. This research supports the use of spatial planning policy as an effective tool in addressing climate change mitigation and has an implication for mainstreaming climate change mitigation and adaptation in urban planning.

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