Lunar Crater Models

Nuncius ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-332
Author(s):  
Louise E. Devoy
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Lunar Crater ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
Popular Book ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
Plaster Model ◽  
Plaster Models

Abstract This article traces the story of three amateur astronomers who created relief models to help them depict the changing illumination of certain lunar craters, examples of which can be found in UK museum collections today. English chemist Henry Blunt (1806–1853) adopted the emerging technology of electrotyping to reproduce and distribute his plaster model of the Eratosthenes crater to a wider audience. Scottish industrial engineer James Nasmyth (1808–1890) used a combination of drawing, modelling and photography to support his thesis on the volcanic origin of lunar craters in his popular book The Moon Considered … (1874). Spanish sculptor Dionis Renart (1878–1946) produced a series of plaster models for the Exposición General De Estudios Lunares (1912) that eventually came to Greenwich via the British selenographer Hugh Percy Wilkins (1896–1960). These three case studies provide us with valuable insights into the rationale behind the production, use and distribution of lunar crater models within amateur and popular astronomy.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

Pretext

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Altschuler ◽  
Fernando J. Ballesteros
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Human History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The Moon is no longer the “in” thing. We see it as often as the Sun and give it little thought—we’ve become indifferent. However, the Moon does reflect more than just sunlight. The nomenclature of lunar craters holds up a mirror to an important aspect of human history. Of the 1586 lunar craters that have been named honoring philosophers and scientists, only 28 honor a woman. These 28 women of the Moon present us with an opportunity to meditate about this gap, but perhaps more significantly, they offer us an opportunity to talk about their lives, mostly unknown today. The women of the moon tell us stories of love, sorrow, and courage, of remarkable scientific achievements realized through perseverance, and of tragedies triggered by circumstances.

scholarly journals Scientific Knowledge of the Moon, 1609 to 1969

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Charles Wood
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Critical Questions ◽  
Lunar Evolution ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
Over Time

Discoveries stemming from the Apollo 11 mission solved many problems that had vexed scientists for hundreds of years. Research and discoveries over the preceding 360 years identified many critical questions and led to a variety of answers: How did the Moon form, how old is its surface, what is the origin of lunar craters, does the Moon have an atmosphere, how did the Moon change over time, is the Moon geologically active today, and did life play any role in lunar evolution? In general, scientists could not convincingly answer most of these questions because they had too little data and too little understanding of astronomy and geology, and were forced to rely on reasoning and speculation, in some cases wasting hundreds of years of effort. Surprisingly, by 1969, most of the questions had been correctly answered, but a paucity of data made it uncertain which answers were correct.

Consideration on safety for emerging technology – Case studies of seven service robots

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kabe ◽  
Kohichi Tanaka ◽  
Hiroyasu Ikeda ◽  
Noboru Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Service Robots

scholarly journals Embroidery ornament on a traditional Khakass holiday women’s fur coat

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
M. P. Chebotaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Peter The Great

The article deals with the traditional Khakas holiday coats «tone», «Oh ton» and «idect tone.» The research was based on the Museum collections of the Russian ethnographic Museum (Saint Petersburg)and the Museum of anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great (Kunstkamera), Khakass national Museum of local lore and Askiz Museum of local lore. The author analyzes the canons of embroidery arrangement on women’s fur coats of the Khakas ethnic groups-Kachin, sagay, koibal, Kyzyl and Shor. Folk embroidery of the Khakas on a festive fur coat had mythological motifs and was a kind of amulet of a person. The main ornamental motifs in embroidery were associated with the Pantheon of gods among the Khakas Tengri (Tigir), Umai (Ymai), the goddess of Fire (From Ine), the God of the Middle world «Earth-Water» (Chir-su), the Sun Goddess (kun) and the moon Goddess (AI).

Assessing the Roughness Properties of Circumpolar Lunar Craters: Implications for the Timing of Water‐Ice Delivery to the Moon

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel N. Deutsch ◽  
James W. Head ◽  
Gregory A. Neumann ◽  
Mikhail A. Kreslavsky ◽  
Michael K. Barker
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Lunar Craters

Recognition of Lunar Craters

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
James Wilde ◽  
Jerome Siegel ◽  
James Williams
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Visual Angle ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Minor Axis ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Lunar Crater ◽  
Crater Size ◽  
Threshold Data ◽  
Lunar Craters

Recognition thresholds for lunar crater size were determined, analytically, for various look angles and magnifications, at an orbital altitude of 80 nautical miles. Elliptical image measurements for various sized craters were combined with some previous threshold recognition data for the ellipse (Casperson, 1950). Elliptical image measurements consisted of the visual angle of the major axis, and elliptical form (the ratio of minor axis to major axis). A computer program was generated from which the visual angle and form measurements of anticipated elliptical crater images were computed for various combinations of crater size, look angle, and magnification. Casperson's data was then re-worked to obtain the visual angle and form measurements associated with his recognition threshold data for the ellipse. By graphically combining the visual angle and form data from both computations, 50% and 75% threshold recognition curves were generated, relating crater size, magnification and look angle. Implications of these data are discussed.

scholarly journals Accuracy and dimensional reproducibility by model scanning, intraoral scanning, and CBCT imaging for digital implant dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Komuro ◽  
Yoichi Yamada ◽  
Satoshi Uesugi ◽  
Hiroaki Terashima ◽  
Masashi Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Data ◽  
Surgical Guide ◽  
Data Matching ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Acrylic Plate ◽  
Electronic Caliper ◽  
Implant Dentistry ◽  
Plaster Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plaster Models

Abstract Background Recently, it has become possible to analyze implant placement position using the digital matching data of optical impression data of the oral cavity or plaster models with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data, and create a highly accurate surgical guide. It has been reported that CBCT measurements were smaller than the actual values, termed shrinkage. Matching of digital data is reliable when the plaster model or intraoral impression values show shrinkage at the same rate as the CBCT data. However, if the shrinkage rate is significantly different, the obtained digital data become unreliable. To clarify digital matching reliability, we examined dimensional reproducibility and shrinkage in measurements obtained with a model scanner, intra-oral scanner (iOS), and CBCT. Materials and methods Three implants that were arranged in a triangle were fixed in an acrylic plate. The distance between each implants were measured using model scanner, iOS, and CBCT. The actual size measured by electronic caliper was regarded as control. Results All values measured with CBCT were significantly smaller than that of model scanner, iOS, and control (p<0.001). The model scanner shrinkage was 0.37-0.39%, iOS shrinkage was 0.9-1.4%, and CBCT shrinkage was 1.8-6.9%. There were statistically significant differences among the shrinkage with iOS, CBCT, and model scanner (p<0.001). Conclusion Our findings showed that all measurements obtained with those modalities showed shrinkage as compared to the actual values. In addition, CBCT shrinkage was largest among three different measuring methods. They indicated that data matching between CBCT and scanner measurements requires attention in regard to the reliability of values obtained with those devices.

scholarly journals How the Moon Got Its Concentric Rings

Eos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Underwood
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Lunar Craters

A new study explores the origins of massive, multiringed lunar craters.

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