scholarly journals Diversity, external morphology and ‘reverse taxonomy’ in the specialized tadpoles of Malagasy river bank frogs of the subgenus Ochthomantis (genus Mantidactylus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-S11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger-Daniel Randrianiaina ◽  
Axel Strauß ◽  
Julian Glos ◽  
Frank Glaw ◽  
Miguel Vences
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Oral Disk

We provide detailed morphological descriptions of the tadpoles of Malagasy river bank frogs of the subgenera Ochthomantis and Maitsomantis (genus Mantidactylus, family Mantellidae), and data on relative abundance and habitat preferences of Ochthomantis species from Ranomafana National Park in southeastern Madagascar. Our study includes the tadpoles of six described and four undescribed candidate species. Eight of these larvae were previously unknown. Tadpoles were identified by DNA barcoding. Due to the very rudimentary taxonomic knowledge on Ochthomantis, we followed a ‘reverse taxonomy’ approach in which adult classification was to a great part determined on the basis of larval differences. By this procedure we even identified one candidate species whose adults remain still unknown. The majority of tadpoles in Ochthomantis and Maitsomantis have a rather similar body shape and they usually have similar habitat requirements. However, on the basis of the structure of their oral disk we identified three distinct groups: the first includes the femoralis-like tadpoles of Mantidactylus femoralis, M. ambreensis, M. zolitschka, M. argenteus, and of the candidate species named M. sp. 42, M. sp. 43 and M. sp. 47. They all have a reduced oral disk with poorly keratinized jaw sheaths and labial teeth. The mocquardi-like tadpoles of M. mocquardi and M. sp. 64 are placed in the second group and are characterized by a further reduction of oral disk structures, i.e. a complete lack of labial teeth. The third group includes only M. majori and is characterized by the transformation of the upper jaw sheath into three thorn-shaped projections. Based on a preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis the reduction of keratinized oral structures in M. majori may have occurred convergently to that in M. mocquardi. The ecological data indicate that the tadpoles of the three most abundant species in Ranomafana (M. femoralis, M. majori and M. sp. 47) do not obviously differ in their choice of microhabitat although the differences in their oral structures indicate that they might use different food resources. They all show a preference for the stream areas with slow current and leaf litter substrate.

scholarly journals Ecology and Conservation of the Endangered Banteng (Bos javanicus) in Indonesia Tropical Lowland Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Dede Aulia Rahman ◽  
Riki Herliansyah ◽  
Puji Rianti ◽  
Ujang Mamat Rahmat ◽  
Asep Yayus Firdaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Bos Javanicus ◽  
Distribution Point

Banteng, Bos javanicus, as wild cattle is a vital and importance source of germplasm in Indonesia. Various human activities currently threaten their conservation status. Nonetheless, no long-term monitoring programmes are in place for this species. Using distribution point and statistical analysis based on 46,116 camera trap days from December 2015 to January 2017, we aimed to provide habitat preferences, activity patterns and ecological data for banteng population in Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP). It is the largest population of banteng in Indonesia and is living in a limited habitat area. According to the best occupancy model, the most suitable areas for this species were the secondary forest located at the center portion of UKNP. The presence of the invasive cluster sugar palm, Arenga obtusifolia, in dry season provides additional alternative food for banteng when its main food is scarcer in the forest. Banteng was cathemeral all year round, with the proportion of cathemeral records and the recording rate did not change with the protection of the level area, moon phase or season. To reduce the probability of encountering predators, banteng avoided the space use of dholes. Selection and avoidance of habitats was stronger than avoidance of the predator activity areas. Habitat competition from domestic cattle which grazed illegally in the national park appears to be a problem to the species since zoonosis appears from domestic cattle to banteng. Therefore, effective law enforcement and an adequate conservation strategy are required to eliminate the impacts of both direct and indirect threats.

Finaritra! A splendid new leaf-tailed gecko (Uroplatus) species from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4545 (4) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
FANOMEZANA MIHAJA RATSOAVINA ◽  
ACHILLE P. RASELIMANANA ◽  
MARK D. SCHERZ ◽  
ANDOLALAO RAKOTOARISON ◽  
JARY H. RAZAFINDRAIBE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Constant Source

The Marojejy Massif in northern Madagascar is a constant source of herpetological surprises. Herein we describe a new species of leaf-mimicking leaf-tailed gecko, Uroplatus finaritra sp. nov., based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence. This new species inhabits the rainforests of Marojejy National Park at low elevations and is morphologically similar to Uroplatus phantasticus, but differs by having a larger body size, relatively shorter tail, and dark-red pigmentation of the oral mucosa. Molecular data reveals a distance of 14.0–14.7% in the 16S rRNA gene to U. phantasticus, and haplotype sharing in the c-mos nuclear gene only with species of much shorter tails (i.e., with U. kelirambo and two undescribed candidate species). Similar to other members of the leaf-mimicking Uroplatus species in northern Madagascar, Uroplatus finaritra sp. nov. likely has a small geographic distribution, and is currently known only from the lowland rainforests of Marojejy. We discuss the value of the buccal mucosa colouration and tail dimensions of Uroplatus as taxonomic characters, and the potential drivers of their evolution. In order to reduce the risk of international trade under incorrect species names we suggest that exported CITES species should be obligatorily accompanied by information about their precide geographic origin within Madagascar. 

scholarly journals Checklist of tidepool fishes from Jericoacoara National Park, southwestern Atlantic, with additional ecological information

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola S. Machado ◽  
Raphael M. Macieira ◽  
Mario A. Zuluaga Gómez ◽  
Alexandra F. Costa ◽  
Esther M.C. Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Intertidal Ecosystems

Ichthyofauna from 29 tidepools in Jericoacoara National Park (Ceará State, Brazil) was sampled. A total of 733 fishes, comprising 16 species belonging to 12 families, was collected. The three most abundant species were the frillfin goby Bathygobius soporator, the sergeant-majorAbudefduf saxatilis and the molly miller Scartella cristata. An invasive species from the Indo-Pacific, the Muzzled blenny Omobranchus punctatus, was also recorded. The known geographic distribution of the blenny Hypleurochilus fissicornis was extended approximately 2,500 km northward. These findings highlight the lack of knowledge of the rocky intertidal ecosystems along the Brazilian coast, an area that needs more sampling effort and ecological data.

Description of the lucky Cophyla (Microhylidae, Cophylinae), a new arboreal frog from Marojejy National Park in north-eastern Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4651 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDOLALAO RAKOTOARISON ◽  
MARK D. SCHERZ ◽  
MOLLY C. BLETZ ◽  
JARY H. RAZAFINDRAIBE ◽  
FRANK GLAW ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Rag 1 ◽  
Spectral Frequency ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of arboreal microhylid frog from northern Madagascar. The new species is assigned to the genus Cophyla based on molecular phylogeny and morphological similarities to other species of this genus. Molecular phylogenetic analysis resolved Cophyla fortuna sp. nov. as closely related to C. noromalalae. However, the two species were reciprocally monophyletic both in a tree reconstructed from a combination of mitochondrial genes, and in a tree based on the nuclear RAG-1 gene. The new species, previously identified as candidate species Cophyla sp. Ca4, occurs in lowland bamboo forests around the Marojejy Massif in northeastern Madagascar. It differs from the allopatric C. noromalalae, so far only known from the Montagne d’Ambre Massif in northern Madagascar, by slightly smaller body size and shorter duration and higher spectral frequency of advertisement calls. Several additional genetically divergent mitochondrial lineages of Cophyla, related to the C. fortuna/noromalalae complex and to C. phyllodactyla, occur in intervening areas between Montagne d’Ambre and Marojejy, and their status requires further study. 

scholarly journals Lepidopteran Survey of Grand Teton National Park

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
K. Bagdonas ◽  
J. Carlisle ◽  
B. Davis ◽  
B. Bracewell ◽  
M. Harter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Voucher Specimen ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Lepidopteran Species

Beginning in 1979, a detailed survey of the macro lepidopteran fauna began in Grand Teton National Park. The three year survey, supported by UW-NPS funding, includes the following objectives: 1. Formulation of a synoptic list and voucher specimen collection of all macro lepidopteran species inhabiting Grand Teton National Park. Prior to this study, very little was known concerning the important lepidopterans or their ecology within Wyoming ecosystems and virtually nothing of scientific value had been published on the lepidopterans of the national parks in Wyoming. 2. Determination of Pleistocene "relict" or "marker" species which have survived in Grand Teton National Park. The data obtained from these "relict" species can be used in the aging and the determination of rates of species evolution within the ecosystems of the park. Related studies in Rocky Mountain National Park and elsewhere in Colorado, Wyoming and Utah (Bagdonas, 1976; Bagdonas, et al. 1977a, 1977b, 1977c, 1977d, 1978a, 1978b, 1978c, 1979a, 1979b, 1979c, 1979d, 1979e, 1979f; Bagdonas, 1980a, 1980b; Bagdonas et a1. 1980c, 1980d, 1980e, 1981, 1982a, 1982b, 1982c, 1982d,) have indicated many lepidopteran species in the Rocky Mountains are survivors of the Pleistocene glacial and interglacial periods. 3. Determination of relative abundances, habitat preferences, seasonal flight periods, life histories, and other ecological data of Grand Teton macro lepidopterans. This data will be used toward the completion of a book for the National Park Service on the butterflies and moths of the Grand Teton National Park, and with expanded studies, also, those of Yellowstone National Park.

scholarly journals Mosquito Vector Production across Socio-Economic Divides in Baton Rouge, Louisiana

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Rebeca de Jesús Crespo ◽  
Madison Harrison ◽  
Rachel Rogers ◽  
Randy Vaeth
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Baton Rouge ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

We investigated the role of socio-economic factors in the proliferation of mosquito vectors in two adjacent but socio-economically contrasting neighborhoods in Baton Rouge, LA, USA. We surveyed mosquito larvae habitat, mosquito larvae, and adult mosquitoes during the summer of 2020. We also evaluated the number of requests for mosquito abatement services in the years preceding the study for each area. While we did not find differences in terms of the most abundant species, Culex quinquefasicatus (F1,30 = 0.329, p = 0.57), we did find a higher abundance of mosquito habitats, particularly discarded tires, as well as larvae (z = 13.83, p < 0.001) and adults (F1,30 = 4.207, p = 0.049) of the species Aedes albopictus in the low-income neighborhood. In contrast, mosquito abatement requests were significantly higher in the high socio-economic neighborhood (z = −8.561, p < 0.001). This study shows how factors such as adjudicated properties, discarded tires and pest abatement requests can influence the abundance of mosquito vectors, disproportionately affecting low-income groups. This study also highlights how Aedes spp. may be better indicators than Culex spp. of socio-economic differences between nearby neighborhoods, due to their short flight range and habitat preferences, and this should be considered in future studies attempting to detect such disparities in the future.

scholarly journals Neelipleona and Symphypleona (Collembola) from a Sampling in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Madrid and Segovia, Spain): Taxonomy and Biogeography

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Enrique Baquero ◽  
Rafael Jordana ◽  
Vicente M. Ortuño
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Surface Sampling ◽  
Mesovoid Shallow Substratum ◽  
The Mediterranean

Megalothorax minimus (Neelidae) and Sphaeridia pumilis (Sminthurididae) had already been identified in surface sampling from Sierra de Guadarrama. In Europe, Sminthurinus gisini (Katiannidae) seems to be associated with environments at specific altitudes, and has little representation in this sampling. Pygmarrhopalites custodum Baquero and Jordana sp. nov. (Arrhopalitidae) coexists with two previously identified surface occurring species of the same family (P. elegans and Arrhopalites caecus). However, P. custodum is more abundant, indicating that it occupies an ecological niche tending to troglophile in the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS). Moreover, it is also more abundant in the MSS of higher altitude corresponding to the bioclimatic zones cryo-oro-Mediterranean and oro-Mediterranean supra forest. Allacma cryptica Baquero and Jordana sp. nov. (Sminthuridae), is another species that had not been previously detected on the surface in the study area. A. cryptica is an addition to a genus which has eight described species. Gisinurus malatestai (Sminthuridae) appears well represented in the MSS, being a species present very occasionally in the Mediterranean area. Two species of the genera Sminthurides (Sminthurididae) and Fasciosminthurus (Bourletiellidae) have been found, but they could not have been identified to the species level. Finally, a few specimens of Dicyrtomina minuta (Dicyrtomidae), an abundant species on the surface, have been captured.

A new species of smooth-skinned Spinomantis frog (Anura: Mantellidae) from south-eastern Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4317 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
MIGUEL VENCES ◽  
JÖRN KÖHLER ◽  
FRANK GLAW
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Reciprocal Monophyly ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Candidate Species

We present molecular evidence for the presence of two species morphologically similar to Spinomantis bertini in Andohahela National Park, south-eastern Madagascar, differing by 5.5−6.3% pairwise DNA sequence divergences in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. One of these was observed at higher elevations of ca. 1650 m above sea level, whereas the other was found at lower elevations of ca. 715 m a.s.l., close to the type locality of S. bertini (Isaka-Ivondro), and in one other location (Andreoky, ca. 1050 a.s.l.). We herein assign these low- to mid-elevation specimens to S. bertini based on their occurrence near the type locality and general agreement in colour pattern with the type specimen of Gephyromantis bertini Guibé, 1947. The high-elevation form is described as Spinomantis beckei sp. nov. based on its molecular divergence and reciprocal monophyly with respect to S. bertini, lower expression of greenish dorsal colour and less distinct frenal stripe. Based on a comparison of published call descriptions for S. bertini and our recordings of S. beckei, we hypothesize that S. bertini has a lower note repetition rate in advertisement calls. Molecular data suggest that the S. bertini species complex is more diverse than previously recognized, with at least two more candidate species identified: S. sp. Ca7 from Ranomafana National Park, and a newly identified candidate species S. sp. Ca12 from Pic d’Ivohibe Special Reserve. 

scholarly journals Etude Eco-Dendrométrique Du Dépérissement Du Cèdre De l’Atlas Dans Le Parc National De Theniet El Had “Algérie”

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (29) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Taleb Mohamed Lamine ◽  
Maatoug M’hamed ◽  
Azouzi Blel ◽  
Zedek Mohamed ◽  
Hellal Benchabane
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to search the relationship between the decline of the Atlas cedar and the eco-dendrometrique factors in the National Park of Theniet El Had located in the north-west of Algeria. This study takes place throughout 30 circular plots of 1.000m2 area in which, a dendrometric measures and ecological data are taken in addition to descriptive data for Atlas cedar trees. The descriptive data shows that 34% of inventoried Atlas cedar have damaged leaves and 30% have more then 25% of their crowns damaged. The analysis of variance shows that there is no relationship between the rate of the Atlas cedar decline ant the ecological factors, components of the soil and dendrometric parameters except for the average circumference witch is influenced by the competition between trees. Therefor, a particular management plan for the regulation of competition is a necessity for this park.

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