Temporal Alignment but not Complexity of Audiovisual Stimuli Influences Crossmodal Duration Percepts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Alexandra N. Scurry ◽  
Daniela M. Lemus ◽  
Fang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Stimulus Complexity ◽  
Temporal Alignment ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
Compression And Expansion ◽  
Auditory Dominance ◽  
Audiovisual Stimuli ◽  
Duration Estimation

Abstract Reliable duration perception is an integral aspect of daily life that impacts everyday perception, motor coordination, and subjective passage of time. The Scalar Expectancy Theory (SET) is a common model that explains how an internal pacemaker, gated by an external stimulus-driven switch, accumulates pulses during sensory events and compares these accumulated pulses to a reference memory duration for subsequent duration estimation. Second-order mechanisms, such as multisensory integration (MSI) and attention, can influence this model and affect duration perception. For instance, diverting attention away from temporal features could delay the switch closure or temporarily open the accumulator, altering pulse accumulation and distorting duration perception. In crossmodal duration perception, auditory signals of unequal duration can induce perceptual compression and expansion of durations of visual stimuli, presumably via auditory influence on the visual clock. The current project aimed to investigate the role of temporal (stimulus alignment) and nontemporal (stimulus complexity) features on crossmodal, specifically auditory over visual, duration perception. While temporal alignment revealed a larger impact on the strength of crossmodal duration percepts compared to stimulus complexity, both features showcase auditory dominance in processing visual duration.

scholarly journals Learning by Doing: The Use of Distance, Corners and Length in Rewarded Geometric Tasks by Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Greta Baratti ◽  
Angelo Rizzo ◽  
Maria Elena Miletto Petrazzini ◽  
Valeria Anna Sovrano
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Spatial Abilities ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Surface Distance ◽  
Extended Surfaces ◽  
Unequal Length ◽  
Over Time

Zebrafish spontaneously use distance and directional relationships among three-dimensional extended surfaces to reorient within a rectangular arena. However, they fail to take advantage of either an array of freestanding corners or an array of unequal-length surfaces to search for a no-longer-present goal under a spontaneous cued memory procedure, being unable to use the information supplied by corners and length without some kind of rewarded training. The present study aimed to tease apart the geometric components characterizing a rectangular enclosure under a procedure recruiting the reference memory, thus training zebrafish in fragmented layouts that provided differences in surface distance, corners, and length. Results showed that fish, besides the distance, easily learned to use both corners and length if subjected to a rewarded exit task over time, suggesting that they can represent all the geometrically informative parts of a rectangular arena when consistently exposed to them. Altogether, these findings highlight crucially important issues apropos the employment of different behavioral protocols (spontaneous choice versus training over time) to assess spatial abilities of zebrafish, further paving the way to deepen the role of visual and nonvisual encodings of isolated geometric components in relation to macrostructural boundaries.

Interpersonal motor coordination during joint actions in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: The role of motor information

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Fulceri ◽  
Alessandro Tonacci ◽  
Andrea Lucaferro ◽  
Fabio Apicella ◽  
Antonio Narzisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Joint Actions ◽  
Motor Information

scholarly journals Visual mismatch negativity and stimulus-specific adaptation: the role of stimulus complexity

2019 ◽  
Vol 237 (5) ◽  
pp. 1179-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petia Kojouharova ◽  
Domonkos File ◽  
István Sulykos ◽  
István Czigler
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Stimulus Complexity ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Visual Mismatch Negativity

Rectal tone, distensibility, and perception: reproducibility and response to different distensions

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (3) ◽  
pp. G584-G590 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Hammer ◽  
S. F. Phillips ◽  
M. Camilleri ◽  
R. B. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Rectal Distension ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
Balloon Distension ◽  
Basal Tone ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Healthy Persons

Increasing interest is focusing on the role of intestinal tone, distensibility, and mechanosensation in the genesis of abdominal symptoms. Experimental approaches usually feature balloon distension of the bowel with measurements of perception, tone, and compliance and/or elastance; however, the methodologies are standardized incompletely. We examined the reproducibility of repeated assessments of sensory perception, basal tone, and compliance and/or elastance of the rectum during distension. We also evaluated the response to inflations that varied in regard to control of pressure or volume, pattern of distension, and rate of inflation. Five healthy volunteers were studied under two separate protocols. The first featured a series of experiments on each of 5 days; the other consisted of 2 separate days of study. Repeated distensions evoked reproducible responses of sensation and compliance and/or elastance on a single day, providing a conditioning distension preceded them. Day-to-day variability was also sufficiently small to allow valid comparisons to be made on different days in healthy persons. The configuration of the distension profile (phasic, staircase, or ramp) and the rate of inflation (from 1 to 40 ml/s) had little effect on distensibility or perception. Perceptions were sometimes transient and sometimes constant, but no relationship was found between these temporal features and the magnitude of the stimulus. These observations help provide a basis as to how the responses to rectal distension can be best studied.

scholarly journals Cerebellar Development and Plasticity: Perspectives for Motor Coordination Strategies, for Motor Skills, and for Therapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Swinny ◽  
J. J. L. van der Want ◽  
A. Gramsbergen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Late Development ◽  
Coordination Strategies ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spatial Identification

The role of the mammalian cerebellum ranges from motor coordination, sensory-motor integration, motor learning, and timing to nonmotor functions such as cognition. In terms of motor function, the development of the cerebellum is of particular interest because animal studies show that the development of the cerebellar cortical circuitry closely parallels motor coordination. Ultrastructural analysis of the morphological development of the cerebellar circuitry, coupled with the temporal and spatial identification of the neurochemical substrates expressed during development, will help to elucidate their roles in the establishment of the cerebellar circuitry and hence motor activity. Furthermore, the convenience of a number of naturally occurring mouse mutations has allowed a functional dissection of the various cellular elements that make up the cerebellar circuitry. This understanding will also help in the approach to possible therapies of pathologies arising during development because tile cerebellum is especially prone to such perturbation because of its late development.

Attention—Dependent Visual Capture in Double Vision

Perception ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Shimojo
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Double Vision ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Visual Capture ◽  
Focal Attention

When the visual image of a body part, such as a finger, is doubled by a prism, the ‘felt’ position of that body part is captured by one of its visual images. Moving eye fixation from one to the other visual image is accompanied by a quick shift of the felt position. When focal attention is dissociated from foveation, the former determines visual capture. These new observations underline an active role of focal attention in intersensory integration and sensory—motor coordination of body parts.

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