coordination strategies
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Author(s):  
Julien Rossato ◽  
Kylie J. Tucker ◽  
Simon Avrillon ◽  
Lilian Lacourpaille ◽  
Ales Holobar ◽  
...  

This study aimed to determine whether neural drive is redistributed between muscles during a fatiguing isometric contraction, and if so, whether the initial level of common synaptic input between these muscles constrains this redistribution. We studied two muscle groups: triceps surae (14 participants) and quadriceps (15 participants). Participants performed a series of submaximal isometric contractions and a torque-matched contraction maintained until task failure. We used high-density surface electromyography to identify the behavior of 1874 motor units from the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis (GM), gastrocnemius lateralis(GL), rectus femoris, vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis(VM). We assessed the level of common drive between muscles in absence of fatigue using a coherence analysis. We also assessed the redistribution of neural drive between muscles during the fatiguing contraction through the correlation between their cumulative spike trains (index of neural drive). The level of common drive between VL and VM was significantly higher than that observed for the other muscle pairs, including GL-GM. The level of common drive increased during the fatiguing contraction, but the differences between muscle pairs persisted. We also observed a strong positive correlation of neural drive between VL and VM during the fatiguing contraction (r=0.82). This was not observed for the other muscle pairs, including GL-GM, which exhibited differential changes in neural drive. These results suggest that less common synaptic input between muscles allows for more flexible coordination strategies during a fatiguing task, i.e., differential changes in neural drive across muscles. The role of this flexibility on performance remains to be elucidated.


Author(s):  
Simon Turner ◽  
Carolina Segura ◽  
Natalia Niño

Abstract Introducing comprehensive surveillance is recommended as an urgent public health measure to control and mitigate the spread of COVID-19 worldwide. However, its implementation has proven challenging as it requires inter-organizational coordination among multiple health care stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of soft and hard mechanisms in the implementation of inter-organizational coordination strategies for COVID-19 surveillance within Colombia, drawing on evidence from the cities of Bogotá, Cali and Cartagena. The study used a case study approach to understand the perspectives of local and national authorities, insurance companies and health providers in the implementation of inter-organizational coordination strategies for COVID-19 surveillance. 81 semi-structured interviews were conducted between June and November 2020. The data was analysed by codes and categorized using New NVivo software. The study identified inter-organizational coordination strategies that were implemented to provide COVID-19 surveillance in the three cities. Both soft (e.g. trust and shared purpose) and hard mechanisms (e.g. formal agreements and regulations) acted as mediators for collaboration and helped to address existing structural barriers in the provision of health services. The findings suggest that soft and hard mechanisms contributed to promoting change among health care system stakeholders and improved inter-organizational coordination for disease surveillance. The findings contribute to evidence regarding practices to improve coordinated surveillance of disease, including the roles of new forms of financing and contracting between insurers and public and private health service providers, logistics regarding early diagnosis in infectious disease, and the provision of health services at the community level regardless of insurance affiliation. Our research provides evidence to improve disease surveillance frameworks in fragmented health systems contributing to public health planning and health system improvement.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7993
Author(s):  
Jae-In Lee ◽  
Van Quan Dao ◽  
Minh-Chau Dinh ◽  
Seok-ju Lee ◽  
Chang Soon Kim ◽  
...  

Recently, in order to overcome the difficulties of interrupting fault currents in multi-terminal direct current systems (MTDC), studies combining a saturated iron-core type superconducting current limiter (SFCL) and a direct current circuit breaker (DCCB) have been conducted. However, the effect of inductance change of the SI-SFCL on the interrupting time of the DCCB during fault has not been studied yet. In this paper, the interrupting time delay caused by the dynamic behavior of the inductance change during the fault current blocking process of the SI-SFCL combined with a DCCB was analyzed through experiments and a new fault detection method considering this phenomenon was proposed. After designing and manufacturing the laboratory-scale SI-SFCL and DCCB, a fault current interrupting test was performed and the inductance change pattern of the SI-SFCL was analyzed. Based on the analysis results, a new fault detection technique was proposed to alleviate the interruption time delay that occurs when applying the combined protection system to a MTDC, and its effectiveness was verified through a simulation. These results will be useful for planning protection coordination strategies when introducing a SI-SFCL in combination with a DCCB in actual MTDC systems.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mawarny Md. Rejab

<p>Agile software development projects rely on the diversity of team members’ expertise. This expertise, however, is not adequate on its own: it is important to leverage available expertise through expertise coordination. Expertise coordination requires team members to rely on each other for recognizing who has particular expertise, when and where they are needed, and how to access the expertise effectively. Agile teams also need to rely on outside expertise such as user experience designers, architects, and database administrators. This thesis presents a theory of expertise coordination in Agile Software Development projects. We employed semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis in a Grounded Theory study involving 48 Agile practitioners and external specialists. This study discovered three main categories of expertise coordination: processes of expertise coordination, strategies of managing external expertise, and management roles in supporting expertise coordination. The theory provides a new insight into how Agile teams coordinate internal and external expertise, how they utilize external specialists and outsourcers’ expertise, and how management can support expertise coordination.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mawarny Md. Rejab

<p>Agile software development projects rely on the diversity of team members’ expertise. This expertise, however, is not adequate on its own: it is important to leverage available expertise through expertise coordination. Expertise coordination requires team members to rely on each other for recognizing who has particular expertise, when and where they are needed, and how to access the expertise effectively. Agile teams also need to rely on outside expertise such as user experience designers, architects, and database administrators. This thesis presents a theory of expertise coordination in Agile Software Development projects. We employed semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis in a Grounded Theory study involving 48 Agile practitioners and external specialists. This study discovered three main categories of expertise coordination: processes of expertise coordination, strategies of managing external expertise, and management roles in supporting expertise coordination. The theory provides a new insight into how Agile teams coordinate internal and external expertise, how they utilize external specialists and outsourcers’ expertise, and how management can support expertise coordination.</p>


Telecom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-413
Author(s):  
Stelios Prekas ◽  
Panagiotis Karkazis ◽  
Vasileios Nikolakakis ◽  
Panagiotis Trakadas

Virtualization is commonly accepted as the catalyst that would grant the internet the ability to shed the shackles of legacy technologies and evolve to its future self. In order to make this transformation feasible, unavoidable concurrent radical remodeling of all the involved counterparts is required, particularly in the context of automatically and optimally serving application requests by taking advantage of new virtualized environments and their latent capabilities. A considerable number of embedding strategies that efficiently map virtual computational and networking demands over physical resources have already been proposed in the literature, following different strategies. Among these suggested strategies, different coordination proposals have been adopted, in order to solve the node and link mapping functions. In this paper, we study the capabilities of the most popular embedding strategies, based on their coordination categorization. Our study confirms that by invoking a coordination strategy, especially the single stage one, added benefits on multiple performance layers can be achieved. Moreover, we propose a new mixed coordination algorithm, essentially creating a new category in the field of VNE coordination strategies.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Shuaifu Lin ◽  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Qi Liu

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the consequences of two strategies of coordinating the online procurement capability and the online channel management capability on competitive performance.Design/methodology/approachA research model is presented to examine the performance impacts of these two coordination strategies, namely the balancing strategy (achieving a close match relationship) and the complementing strategy (maintaining the synergy effect), and tested using firm-level data collected from 196 manufacturing firms in China. Garen's two-stage econometric technique was used to identify the impacts of two coordination strategies on competitive performance.FindingsOur study discusses and compares two different coordination strategies of mitigating the operational tensions across processes and deploying resource configurations for improving competitive performance. Our results show that while the balancing strategy can mitigate the risks resulted, the complementing strategy does not create synergistic effects on the focal firms' competitive performance.Originality/valueThe results extend our understanding of the nature of B2B digital process coordination both in IS management and supply chain operations.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Adam Flizikowski ◽  
Slawomir Pietrzyk ◽  
Md Munjure Mowla

The main aspects of this paper are to show the involvement towards coordination strategies amongst multiple RATs and integration of parametric control of higher MAC and upper layer network protocols. Moreover, we also evaluate and examine the possibility to take advantage of the fact of using interworking concepts such as lightweight Internet protocol (LWIP) and LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) while making the scheduling decisions. Such a solution would contribute to the software-defined networking (SDN) approach, where multi-RAT aware scheduler adapts to dynamic channel conditions to provide robustness against severe real-time channel conditions. Finally, we provide comparative analysis of multi- RAT scenarios and evaluate the QoE performance of different scheduling algorithms with SINR based information centric LWA switching and QoE-aware LWA switching by using RANC.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Adam Flizikowski ◽  
Slawomir Pietrzyk ◽  
Md Munjure Mowla

The main aspects of this paper are to show the involvement towards coordination strategies amongst multiple RATs and integration of parametric control of higher MAC and upper layer network protocols. Moreover, we also evaluate and examine the possibility to take advantage of the fact of using interworking concepts such as lightweight Internet protocol (LWIP) and LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) while making the scheduling decisions. Such a solution would contribute to the software-defined networking (SDN) approach, where multi-RAT aware scheduler adapts to dynamic channel conditions to provide robustness against severe real-time channel conditions. Finally, we provide comparative analysis of multi- RAT scenarios and evaluate the QoE performance of different scheduling algorithms with SINR based information centric LWA switching and QoE-aware LWA switching by using RANC.


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