scholarly journals Churches and Faith: Attitude Towards Church Buildings During the 2020 covid-19 Lockdown Among Churchgoers in England

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-232
Author(s):  
Andrew Village ◽  
Leslie J. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Lay People ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Historical Issues ◽  
Roman Catholics ◽  
Item Scale ◽  
Church Buildings

Abstract Attitude toward church buildings was assessed among a sample of 6,476 churchgoers in England during the first covid-19 pandemic lockdown in 2020. The six-item Scale of Attitude toward Church Buildings (sacb) assessed a range of aspects of attitude that included the importance of buildings for Christian faith generally, and buildings as central to the expression of Christian faith. Anglo-Catholics and Roman Catholics showed similar positive attitude towards buildings, Anglican Evangelicals showed a less positive attitude on average that was similar to those from Free-Churches, while Broad-Church Anglican attitude lay between these two extremes. Younger people had a more positive attitude than older people, especially among Catholics. On average, men had more a positive attitude than women, and lay people a more positive attitude than clergy. These findings suggest that the significance of buildings varies among traditions in ways that may still reflect historical issues of the Reformation.

scholarly journals The media image of Chinese older people: From stigmatic stereotype to diverse self-representation

2021 ◽  
pp. 205943642110125
Author(s):  
Kun Li
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Media Image ◽  
Past Life ◽  
The Media ◽  
Leisure And Recreation ◽  
Chinese Older People

From the perspective of communication and media studies, this article explores a comparison between the image of older adults presented on media and online self-representation facilitated by the use of smartphones. The qualitative textual analysis was conducted with a sample (228 posts, from 1 January to 31 December,2019) selected from a representative WeChat Public Account targeting at older adults in China. The results demonstrate that leisure and recreation is the most frequently mentioned topic (58%) with memories of past life receiving the least references (3%). The striking features of popular posts among older people include a highly emotional tone, bright colours and multimedia. Sentiment analyses shows 68.42%, 13.16% and 18.42% of positive, neutral and negative emotions, respectively. A generally positive attitude of self-representation is in a sharp contrast with the stigmatic media image of older adults. The article concludes that the visibility of Chinese older people may help to reduce the stigma surrounding old age in China.

Ageing in an aged society: experiences and attitudes of Catholic order members towards population ageing and older people

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC LUY ◽  
PRISKA FLANDORFER ◽  
PAOLA DI GIULIO
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Older People ◽  
General Public ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Intergenerational Solidarity ◽  
Basic Pattern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Aged Society

ABSTRACTPopulation ageing occurs in all industrialised societies and is the demographic phenomenon that currently gets the highest attention from scientists, policy makers and the general public. The main aim of this paper is to broaden our understanding of its societal consequences, such as ageism and intergenerational solidarity. Our study is based on the 2008 investigation of attitudes towards population ageing and older people in seven European countries of Schoenmaeckerset al.We replicate their analysis in a specific human subpopulation in which the process of population ageing started earlier and is much more advanced than in the general societies: the members of Catholic orders. The study compares the attitudes of 148 nuns and monks from three Bavarian monasteries to those of the western German general population using descriptive and multivariate analyses in the context of the debate around population ageing in Germany. We discuss the specific characteristics of order members that might influence their attitudes and also take a brief look at their views on possible political strategies to solve the problems connected with the demographic changes. Our results confirm the findings of Schoenmaeckerset al.and reveal that worldly and monastic populations show an identical basic pattern of a positive attitude towards older people while at the same time considering population ageing a worrisome development. However, order members evaluate older people's abilities and their role in society more positively. This result gives rise to the optimistic perspective that in an aged population the younger and older generations can build a well-functioning society.

scholarly journals Kidungan Jula-juli in East Java: Media of Criticism and Propaganda (From The Japanese Occupation Era to The Reform Order in Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Aris Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Political Support ◽  
New Order ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Historical Issues

This research aims to determine the historical construction of criticism and propaganda formed in Kidungan Jula-juli performance in each era. Kidungan is a song in the Gending Jula-juli in East Java. The musical text presented in the song seems to be open (blak-blakan [openness]), assertive, and emotionally becomes the power of criticism. Historical issues concerning the function of Kidungan Jula-juli are interesting enough to be known, thus encouraging this study to get a basic and detailed understanding of the historical stages of the role of Kidungan Jula-juli from the Japanese era to the reformation era. This study using a historical approach and emphasizes the problem of music function. The analysis was carried out by looking at the ideas, concepts, and cultural references that accompanied the performance of Kidungan Jula-juli. The results of this study indicate the dynamics of the function of criticism and propaganda in Kidungan Jula-juli. During the Japanese occupation era, Kidungan Jula-juli was very sharp in its role as an instrument of the independence movement; from 1950 to 1965, Kidungan Jula-juli was used by political parties to strengthen political support and propaganda. In the New Order Era, kidungan lost the function of criticism.  The state controlled it for the sake of propaganda and the legitimacy of power.  Kidungan Jula-juli is more open and present on a stage with other performing arts in the era of the reform order.

Friedrich Schleiermacher and the Reformed Tradition in the Modern Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 441-456
Author(s):  
Randall C. Zachman
Keyword(s):  
Christian Faith ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Friedrich Schleiermacher ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Reformed Tradition ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Modern Era

Friedrich Schleiermacher reformulated the doctrines he inherited from the Reformed and Lutheran dogmatic traditions, in order to demonstrate that the certainty of faith in God, as well as faith in the redeeming power of Christ, could be maintained in an age of scientific and historical criticism of the Christian faith. He located faith in God in the immediate consciousness of being absolutely dependent, which he claimed emerged in the development of every human consciousness. And he located faith in Christ in the way the influence of the sinless perfection of Christ, mediated through the testimony of the Christian community and supported by the picture of Christ, strengthened the consciousness of God so that the inhibition of the God-consciousness by sin could be overcome. His hope was that such a reformulation of doctrine would not only clarify the meaning of faith in the modern world, but would also reunify the Christian traditions that had been divided since the Reformation.

The Religious Right

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wuthnow
Keyword(s):  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Religious Right ◽  
Board Of Education ◽  
Science Standards ◽  
Lutheran Church ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
Religious Conservatism ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
State Board Of Education ◽  
Roman Catholics

This chapter examines the emergence of the Religious Right in Kansas. On May 31, 2009, Dr. George Tiller was murdered at the Reformation Lutheran Church in suburban Wichita. As one of the region's few providers of legal late-term abortions, Tiller had earned the ire of antiabortion activists. No issue brought churches as directly into the political arena during the late 1980s and 1990s as abortion. The Religious Right in Kansas gained national attention because of its role in encouraging the Kansas State Board of Education to approve science standards that downplayed the teaching of evolution. The decision raised questions such as: why Kansas was such a hotbed of religious conservatism; or why it mattered that independent evangelical Protestant churches were now on the same side of many issues as conservative Roman Catholics. The chapter explores the implications of the debate over evolution for Kansas religion and politics.

The Reformation of Worship

1955 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
D. H. C. Read
Keyword(s):  
Christian Faith ◽  
Western World ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Today ◽  
Liturgical Reform ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Christian Worship ◽  
Comparable Period ◽  
Public Worship

There are signs in nearly all the Christian communions of the Western world today of restlessness and dissatisfaction with our inherited patterns of public worship. This is indicated by the numerous experiments that are being made and by the movements for liturgical reform that are active in many denominations. A great variety of motives lies behind these movements for reform; but in general it might be said that we are conscious of living in a world that has changed more fundamentally in the last fifty years than in any remotely comparable period of the past, and feel that these changes, while not affecting the essence of Christian worship, must surely be reflected in its forms. This is felt by convinced and instructed Christians who have a vision of what worship might be as the expression of our highest and holiest activity and are disappointed at its meagre realisation in the normal practice of their church: it is felt even more by the semi-convinced who are genuinely seeking to know and experience more of what we mean by worship, and who find our services unilluminating and uninspiring. It is certainly not ill-will, and may not even be indifference, that keeps multitudes of potential worshippers from entering our churches. The blight that seems to afflict public worship in our day might be characterised in one word—irrelevance.Now the charge of irrelevance is not to be disposed of by a series of sermons on the relevance of the Christian faith and of Christian worship.

Attitude of Nurses Toward the Care of Older Adults in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyan Lan ◽  
Qiuhua Chen ◽  
Bilan Yi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Older People ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Online Questionnaire

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes of registered nurses toward older adults in China. Method: An online questionnaire was sent to registered nurses of five hospitals. The sample included 1,367 registered nurses in this study. Kogan’s Attitudes toward Older People Scale and Facts of Aging Quiz were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Registered nurses held a positive attitude toward older adults (155.09 ± 21.94). The experience of being cared by older adults (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.545, p = .007) and relationship with older adults ( OR = 2.440, p = .000) were associated with the attitudes of registered nurses. Discussion: Registered nurses in China held a positive attitude toward older adults. The results contribute to care practice for the older adults in hospitals.

Sola Scriptura's and the Chinese Union Version Bible's Impact upon Conservative Christian Leaders: The Case of Watchman Nee and Wang Mingdao

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
WAI LUEN KWOK
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Practice ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Lectio Divina ◽  
Chinese Christians ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Conservative Christian ◽  
Theologically Conservative ◽  
Conservative Christians ◽  
Christian Leaders

AbstractThe majority of Chinese Christians can be considered to be theologically conservative. One distinctive feature of conservative theology is Biblicism, according to which Scripture occupies a central role. The Reformation principle of sola scriptura legitimises this conservative stance and calls for a stern application of this principle. As Biblicists, they are discontented with the ‘unbiblical’ practices and ministries of missionaries. On the other hand, missionaries have put forward the Union Version translation project on the basis of the principle of sola scriptura. This article investigates how Watchman Nee (1903–72) and Wang Mingdao (1900–91) were discursively influenced by the missionaries’ Union Version Bible translation project through their different understandings of sola scriptura. For missionaries, sola scriptura required the translation of a faithful and popular Chinese Bible, and Mandarin was deemed an appropriate language for the task. While Nee and Wang did not appreciate the missionary enterprise, for sola scriptura they valued the Chinese Union Version as an outstanding and up-to-date translation of the Scripture. For Nee and Wang, sola scriptura was not only a translation principle, but also a principle underpinning religious life. Conservative Christians’ devotional practice emphasises the memorising of biblical texts and verbalising them throughout the day. This practice resulted in the Union Version, which is written in eloquent modern Chinese, becoming an integral part of Chinese Christian practice rather than a mere translation. Though Nee and Wang accused missionaries of having betrayed the Reformation principle, they were still under its influence thanks to the Chinese Union Version Bible. Also, their teaching on biblical reading had similarities with the medieval monastic practice of lectio divina. In this sense, the Chinese Union Version Bible reveals an interesting integration of Chinese conservative Christian faith, missionary enterprise, sola scriptura, and a monastic style of spiritual practice within the Chinese Church.

Forgiveness and Consolation in the Religious Thought of Erasmus

1965 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 110-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Tentler
Keyword(s):  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
Roman Catholics ◽  
The Church

No religious issue in the Reformation was debated more bitterly than the theory of the forgiveness of sins. To Roman Catholics forgiveness meant the sacrament of penance, and its necessity was so evident to John Eck that he called auricular confession ‘the nerves of our religion and of Catholic discipline'. To Luther forgiveness meant personal certitude and salvation by faith—it meant the destruction of the Roman Catholic sacrament of penance. So important were these doctrines to Lutheranism that Melanchthon could completely summarize Luther's contribution to the church as his teaching of'the correct manner of penance and the correct use of the sacraments'. Significantly, Melanchthon adds this proof that Luther's greatness lies in these reforms: ‘many consciences testify this to me'.

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