Climate Border Adjustments and WTO Law

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Will
Keyword(s):  
Border Adjustments

scholarly journals HOW LARGE ARE THE IMPACTS OF CARBON MOTIVATED BORDER TAX ADJUSTMENTS?

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250001 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAN DONG ◽  
JOHN WALLEY
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Border Tax Adjustments ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Emissions Intensity ◽  
Border Adjustments ◽  
Border Adjustment

This paper discusses the size of impact of carbon motivated border tax adjustments on world trade and welfare. We report numerical simulation results which suggest that impacts on welfare, trade, and emissions will likely be small. This is because proposed measures use carbon emissions in the importing country in producing goods similar to imports rather than carbon content in calculating the size of barriers. Moreover, because border adjustments involve both tariffs and export rebates, it is the differences in emissions intensity across sector rather than emissions level which matters. Where there is no difference in emissions intensities across sectors, Lerner symmetry holds for the border adjustment and no relative effects occur.

Umweltzölle, fairer Wettbewerb und Klimaschutz: Ökozölle und ein besserer globaler Klimavertrag

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Ekardt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Role Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Stimulate Action ◽  
Climate Economics ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Border Adjustments

AbstractThe paper offers an innovative structure for a future transnational climate policy beyond the Kyoto Protocol (and criticizes the overall methodology of climate economics), but mainly assesses the possibilities for a strongly extended pioneering role of the European Union - secured by complementary border adjustments for imports and exports. Border adjustments do not discriminate against anybody in global free markets and therefore do not violate WTO rules, as they make sure that whoever refuses to protect the climate will not be granted an unfair advantage by eco-dumping. Border adjustments do not spare us to rethink our way of life. But border adjustments allow the EU to act as a role model for countries like China, India and or the USA in advancing an effective and social (and economically prospering) climate policy. This may be the only way to stimulate action for a global, effective and social climate policy.

Chances for negotiated Serbia-Kosovo deal are fading

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Extra Cost ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Border Adjustments ◽  
The Eu

Significance The Kosovan government imposed a 10% tariff on imports from Serbia and Bosnia-Hercegovina (BiH) on November 6, frustrated at their refusal to recognise Kosovo’s independence except on terms it sees as unacceptable. The move will not make Serbia back down but will increase pressure on Kosovo’s president to abandon discussions with his Serbian counterpart about border adjustments. Impacts In the short term, Kosovan consumers must bear the extra cost of imports from Serbia and BiH, mainly food and building materials. Trade could reroute elsewhere, increasing Kosovo’s separation from Serbia, unless Serbian exporters cut their prices to compensate. The impact on Serbia should be minor: exports to Kosovo at 400 million euros a year are just 3% of total goods exports. The EU will be irked at Prishtina’s failure to uphold good regional relations under its Stabilisation and Association Agreement.

The Role of Trade and Competitiveness Measures in US Climate Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Fischer ◽  
Alan K Fox
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Trade Measures ◽  
Border Adjustments

We review the proposed measures for addressing competitiveness and carbon leakage concerns in recent US climate policy legislation. For eligible energy-intensive, trade-exposed sectors, output-based rebates would initially dampen cost increases; later, border adjustments would ensure that imports face comparable cost burdens. Both measures can in theory enhance the economic efficiency of carbon reduction efforts, but both pose some interesting economic and practical trade-offs. This paper discusses our recent research into the welfare and carbon leakage effects of using output-based allocation and trade measures in conjunction with climate policies.

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