The Diachrony of Written Language Contact

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Lavidas
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Written Language

Language Contact in Early Medieval Britain: Settlement, Interaction, and Acculturation

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-89
Author(s):  
Martin Findell ◽  
Philip A. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Written Language ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
First Case ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
English Spelling

This chapter explores language contact in early medieval Britain, focusing on the methodological problems involved in studying historical language contact in situations where records of the languages involved are sparse. Two case studies then look at linguistic evidence for contact situations, one addressing the uses of the term wealh in Old English and especially in the Laws of Ine, while the other explores the influence of Latin on the development of Old English spelling. The first case study argues that the term wealh in early Old English (as in Continental Germanic) usage identified groups and individuals as Roman, as distinct from the identification with Celtic languages that developed later in the period. The second case study shows how spellings of the reflex of pre-Old English *[ɡɡj] developed through the engagement of Old English speakers with Latin, demonstrating the interactions between developments in the spoken and written language.

English loanwords in the Serbo-Croatian immigrant press

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Milan I. Surducki
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
Weekly Newspapers ◽  
Contact Situation ◽  
Secondary Phenomenon ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Immigrant Language

I propose to present here the findings of an analysis of a limited corpus of English loanwords as found in four Canadian weekly newspapers published in the Serbo-Croatian language. Though interference in written language is a secondary phenomenon in a situation of languages in contact, instances of such interference are interesting and important since they may contribute to the adoption and spread of the corresponding instances of interference in spoken language. In addition, kinds of interference, as well as the total amount of interference in an immigrant language contact situation, may be usefully compared with interference phenomena in the corresponding standard language (in which very often, as is the case with E and SC in contact, almost all borrowing is done from a written model language). The linguistic analysis of the interference in written language seems therefore to be worth while.

scholarly journals Contact Languages of the Ancient Near East – Three more Case Studies (Ugaritic-Hurrian, Hurro-Akkadian and Canaano-Akkadian)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Andrason ◽  
Juan-Pablo Vita
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Near East ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Ancient Near East ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Source Codes ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena ◽  
Mixed Languages

This article describes and analyzes three situations of linguistic contact in the Ancient Near East, taking as its staring point three theoretical studies on contact languages which have been developed recently: the framework of mixed languages (Bakker and Matras, 2013; Meakins, 2013), the theory of written language contact (Johanson, 2013) and the approach to contact among genetically related languages (Epps, Huehnergard and Pat-El, 2013a). The authors argue that the contact systems selected for this article (Ugaritic-Hurrian, Hurro-Akkadian and Canaano-Akkadian), although distinct from the grammatical and sociolinguistic perspective, can all be viewed as expressions of the same dynamic phenomena, where each variety of mixing corresponds to a different stage of a universal continuum of languages in the situation of merger. Consequently, they can be located along the universal cline of mixing: Ugaritic-Hurrian matches the initial stage of intermingling, Hurro-Akkadian reflects gradually more intense blending, and Canaano-Akkadian corresponds to the phase of a profound fusion of the two source codes. By examining and comparing the three cases of mixing, the authors introduce new insights to the general discussion on mixed languages, written language contact and relevance of genetic relation in language intermingling, thus corroborating and/or refining certain hypotheses and propositions that have previously been formulated within the latest theoretical studies.

scholarly journals Language choice and language contact in print advertisements for Russian-speaking immigrants in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 958-980
Author(s):  
Anna Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
The Subject ◽  
German City ◽  
Research Questions

This study aims to analyze linguistic contact in a written language on a sample of advertisements for Russian-speaking immigrants in the German city of Nuremberg, where there is a well-developed infrastructure for Russian-speaking immigrants, including the availability of periodicals. The study has the following research questions: What functions do Russian and German, as well as other languages, perform in advertisements in periodicals for Russian-speaking immigrants? Is there a correlation between the subject matter of the ads and the language or languages used? What phenomena of language contact found in the spoken language of Russian-speaking immigrants are characteristic of advertisements? A corpus consisting of 443 advertisements, obtained through continuous sampling from periodicals, was collected for the study. The analysis revealed that Russian, German, English, Ukrainian, and Latin fulfil specific functions in the advertisements. It was found that, depending on the subject matter, advertisers choose a particular language or language combination for their ads. At the lexical and morphosyntactic levels were identified borrowings from German and English, entirely or partially grammatically integrated into Russian, and cases of code-switching between Russian and German. Thereby, the study highlights one aspect of the linguistic situation of the Russian-speaking community in Germany and may implicitly serve to assess the vitality of the Russian language in Germany.

Sign Language Contact

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Quinto-Pozos ◽  
Robert Adam
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Signed Languages

This chapter argues that language contact is the norm in Deaf communities, and that deaf people are typically multilingual. They use signed, written, and, in some cases, spoken languages for daily communication, which means that aspects of the spoken and/or written languages of the larger communities are in constant interaction with the signed languages. If one considers the contact that results from users of two different signed languages interacting, various comparisons can be made to contact that occurs across two or more spoken languages. The term unimodal contact, or that which comes about because of two languages within the same modality, can be used to characterize such contact. However, if one considers the contact that results from interaction between a signed and a spoken or written language, the term bimodal (or even multimodal) contact is more appropriate.

Language Contact

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 111-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Extended Contact

Abstract. Faetar, an isolated dialect of Francoprovençal spoken in one village in southern Italy, shows clear evidence of Italian influence due to extended contact. One indication that Italian has influenced this dialect is the presence of geminates, as Gallic Francoprovençal had lost all length distinctions by the fourteenth century, when Faeto was founded. I discuss the results of production experiments and describe the phonetics, phonology, and morphology of the consonant length distinction in this non-written language. A medial-position consonant length distinction is evident, suggesting Italian influence, but there is no phonetic support for borrowing of the Italian raddoppiamento sintattico pattern of initial-position length distinction. Kattenbusch (1982: 169) claims that single and geminate forms in initial position are allophonic variants, conditioned by the preceding segment. However, his transcriptions include many cases of transcribed geminate and single consonants appearing in identical environments. Acoustic analysis reveals no consistent lexical length distinction in such pairs. I examine historical sources to see if there is a pattern either in Francoprovençal or in Italian which surfaces systematically as a consonant length distinction in Faetar. For this purpose, a comparison of Francoprovençal cognates to Faetar words containing geminates is made. Neither this nor a comparison to Italian cognates provides a satisfactory explanation of the source of gemination in Faetar.

scholarly journals L'italiano in contatto con il dialetto e altre lingue. Nuovi mezzi di comunicazione e nuove diglossie

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Moretti ◽  
Adrian Stähli
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Message Communication ◽  
Constitutive Parameters

This paper is concerned with variational aspects of SMS (i.e. text message) communication as a communicative mode that not only has become very popular over the last few years but is also supposed to have certain (and continuing) impacts on some of the constitutive parameters of communication as a whole (e.g. by re-evaluating the dichotomy between typically/traditional oral and written language conceptions). Based on collected material from the sms4science corpus this contribution elucidates some general intra- and extralinguistic features of the Italian subcorpus before focusing on language contact phenomena (involving Italian and other languages or dialectal varieties). Special attention is given to the emergence of what we consider a kind of 'new dialectality' (in the Italian speaking Switzerland), which is considered to be a result of ongoing processes of a restructuring of the repertoire and of the relation between the linguistic codes that are involved.

Literacies in contact

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Weth ◽  
Manuela Böhm ◽  
Daniel Bunčić
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Research Traditions ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Multilingual Writing

Abstract Research on language contact has so far mainly focused on oral situations, although standardization and language ideologies always have an important influence on multilingualism in both its written and its spoken form. This raises the question of which theoretical models are most suitable for the description of written language contact. The present paper recalls linguistic investigations of written language. Some research on multilingual writing shares concepts with research on oral language contacts, always adapting them for writing. Other research develops new concepts for investigating multilingual writing. Within the framework of research on multilingualism, some concepts approach language contact as a question of systematic interactions between linguistic systems (e.g. borrowing, code-switching, graphe-matic matrix, schriftdenken), other concepts envisage language contact as a multilingual practice (e.g. translanguaging, multimodal analysis, biliteracy). Written language contact is an especially fruitful field of study for pointing out major differences between these two research traditions and for bridging them.

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