Recommendation Concerning the International Standardization of Statistics on the Public Financing of Cultural Activities 27 October 1980

2009 ◽  
pp. 585-592
Keyword(s):  
Public Financing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
International Standardization

Can Crowdfunding Come to the Rescue of Culture and Arts? Evidence from Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Mina Fanea-Ivanovici
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Convenient Tool ◽  
Cost Disease ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
To Receive

Financing culture and arts is a difficult task to achieve, especially due to the fact that the revenues ob-tained from such activities may not be enough to cover the costs. This has been claimed to be true for certain cultural activities or events, such as concerts, and is named Baumol’s cost disease. Although other forms of cultural and artistic activity can entirely rely upon the revenues earned, many types of artistic creation depend on public financing or sponsorship. With the advent and democratisation of Internet-based technologies, crowdfunding has become a convenient tool to raise funds in order to fi-nance cultural activities. The aim of this paper is to investigate to what extent cultural and artistic pro-jects are likely to receive financing through crowdfunding. The study is based on the main Romanian crowdfunding platforms and analyses the success rate of crowdfunding projects in culture and arts.

scholarly journals THE SEMIOTICS OF BATAK TOBA SOCIETY MARRIAGE TRADITION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pininta Veronika Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Rites Of Passage ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Charles Sanders Peirce ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Marriage Ceremony ◽  
The World ◽  
Triadic Relation

Marriage is one of the culture universals being that it is contracted in every society of the world, but its mode of contract varies from one society to the other. Marriage is one of life’s major passages, one of the most profound rites of passage that a person or a couple can experience. In many cultures, marriage is generally made known to the public through marriage ceremony. This paper unravels the semiotics of a marriage tradition in Batak Toba Society. Batak Toba is one of the ethnic groups of Batak society, which is still doing wedding tradition as one of its cultural activities. The theoretical framework applied is the conception of signs by Charles Sanders Peirce. According to Peirce, ‘meaning’ is a triadic relation between a sign, an object, and an interpretant. There are three types of signs: icon, index and symbol. This work will reveal the meaning of icons, indexes and symbols in the marriage tradition.

Displaying Race for Dollars: Racial Realism in Media and Entertainment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Skrentny
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
The Public ◽  
Television Shows ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
Racial Realism

This chapter explores racial realism in the advertising and entertainment industries (movies, TV, and professional sports). These cases are distinctive because they are almost totally focused on racial signaling—the image of the worker is very much the product that the employers are selling. Racial signaling is thus common in all of them, though rarer in sports than the other sectors, especially in the last few decades. Hence, the chapter shows that civil rights law does not authorize these practices. It also examines the possibility that television shows' dependence on use of federally regulated airwaves, and sports teams' dependence on the public financing of stadiums might provide legal openings for racial realism in these sectors. Since this employment sector is about expression, this chapter also explores possible First Amendment defenses for these employers, and shows that at least one court has found a constitutionally protected freedom to discriminate.

scholarly journals Mobility, Out-of-Home Activity Participation and Needs Fulfilment in Later Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne T. Dale Nordbakke
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Social Network Centrality ◽  
Nationally Representative

Using nationally representative survey of 4723 people aged 67 or older living in Norway, this paper explores the link between wellbeing, out-of-home activity participation and mobility in old age. A basic assumption of this paper is that out-home activities mediated through mobility can contribute to needs fulfillment, and, hence, wellbeing. This study explores the role of preferences, and individual and contextual constraints, in both the overall level of out-of-home activity participation in old age and the level of participation in three specific out-of-home activities (grocery shopping, visiting family or friends, and attending cultural activities). A person’s degree of home orientation is used as an indicator of preference for indoor activities. The findings suggest that age, living status, income, education, holding a driving license, health, social network, centrality of residence, and the quality of the public transport supply have a significant impact on the overall participation level. In addition, the study suggests that the types of constraints vary between travel purposes and the location of activities. Moreover, there is an independent effect of the degree of home orientation on the overall participation level, on the degree of visits to family and friends and on the degree of attending cultural activities, which suggest that people differ in their need for out-of-home activities. However, degree of home orientation has no impact on the degree of grocery shopping, which might imply that grocery shopping is more independent of preferences. The main conclusion from this study is that the extent to which out-of-home activities fulfill needs vary between individuals, depending on their preferences as well as the interplay between individual abilities and resources and contextual conditions.

Seeds of Cynicism: The Struggle over Campaign Finance, 1956–1974

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian E. Zelizer
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Campaign Finance ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Disclosure Laws ◽  
Private Financing

“It is a cesspool, it is a source of infection for the body politic,” Senator Hubert Humphrey (D-Minn.) warned his fellow senators in 1973 about the private financing of elections. “[I]f it doesn't stop, there are going to be good men in this hall right here today who are going down the drain, not that you are guilty, not that you have done anything wrong, but that the public is disenchanted with all of us, and they are going to want somebody new and say I want a fresh one here.” From 1971 through President Nixon's resignation in 1974, Congress enacted the boldest campaign finance reforms in American history, including strong disclosure laws, public financing for presidential elections, contribution and spending limits, and an independent enforcement commission. Despite these reforms, after only a decade under the new laws, citizens still felt that campaign finance was corrupt.

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