Moral injury and well-being in essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: local survey findings

BackgroundEssential workers have faced many difficult situations working during the pandemic. Staff may feel that they, or other people, have acted wrongly and be distressed by this. This represents moral injury, which has been linked with significant mental ill health.MethodsThis survey asked essential workers in County Durham and Darlington about their experiences during the first wave of the pandemic and anything they felt would help. Well-being and moral injury were rated using sliders.ResultsThere were 566 responses. A majority of respondents reported feeling troubled by other people’s actions they felt were wrong (60% scored over 40, where 0 is ‘not at all troubled’ and 100 ‘very troubled’, median score=52.5). Respondents were generally less troubled by their own actions (median score=3). Well-being and moral injury scores varied by employment sector (eg, National Health Service (NHS) staff were more troubled by the actions of others than non-NHS staff).Staff suggestions included regular supervisor check-ins, ensuring kindness from everyone, fair rules and enforcement and improving communication and processes. Respondents offered simple, practical actions that could be taken by leaders at team, organisation, societal and governmental levels to tackle moral injury and the underlying causes of moral injurious environments.ConclusionUsing these findings to develop a strategy to address moral injury is important, not only for staff well-being, but staff retention and continued delivery of vital services in these challenging times. Working together, we can seek to reduce and mitigate ‘moral injury’ the same way we do for other physical workplace ‘injuries’.

Use of Face Masks in India During COVID-19 : An Exploration of the Behavioral Tendencies of Mask Users

Covid-19 has necessitated mask use to safeguard oneself from coronavirus. The mask usage and safety practices followed by the public in India are reported in this paper. Sixty per cent of the subjects purchased masks on their own while 19 per cent stitched their masks; masks were used regularly (76%) for less than 4 hours (64.22%). During the lockdown, at workplaces, masks were removed for less than 30 minutes per day. Subjects reported that safety feeling was experienced when masks were donned (87%); felt that masks were unnecessary in Covid-19 unaffected areas/cities (67 %); whilst 47 per cent admitted to pulling down masks during use. An interesting fact emerging from the study was that the younger populace adhered less conscientiously to regular mask use as opposed to the elderly; paradoxically the elderly (49 and above) were the ones to pull down masks more frequently during use than the younger ones. Amongst them, 25 per cent repeated it 1-2 times a day. It was heartening to observe that most people (89%) exercised caution during mask use. A positive significant relationship existed between age and employer modes on regular mask usage; a highly positive significant relation was seen between the employment sector and regular mask use and a negative correlation among profession and mask use. Two-way ANOVA between demographic data on type and regular mask use yielded a significant difference. A highly significant relationship between gender, employer mode, and profession on different types of safety measures; and a significant relationship between the level of education and safety measures were found.

The State of Education and Employment of People With Visual Impairment in Malaysia

This chapter is an in-depth qualitative study using a phenomenological approach in understanding the state of education and employment of people with visual impairment in the Klang Valley, Malaysia to identify the challenges they encounter and to discover the strategies they use in the employment sector. The results showed that people with visual impairment had a positive self-concept towards themselves, family, and friends; perceived that there was still a lot for the society to improve in terms of their awareness; acceptance and daily predicament faced by people with visual impairment. They faced challenges such as insufficiency of facilities provided in schools and employers, personal skills, limited mode of transportation in rural areas, job choice, and too many expectations are required from them. Therefore, proactive recommendations are also made to the respective parties in order to be fully knowledgeable concerning what further supportive and accommodative actions need to be taken to aid those who are visually impaired for better employability and education.

Transformation of legal regulation of labor relations of scientific and pedagogical workers of modern universities in the digital economy

Introduction. The sphere of employment, being one of the most significant segments of society, is undergoing changes in the context of the use of new digital technologies. First of all, we are talking about a change in the labor function of employees, the use of artificial intelligence during interviews, as well as electronic methods of registration of the emergence, change or termination of labor relations, electronic office work. Due to the specifics of the education sector, the practice of introducing the achievements of the digital economy into the process of legal regulation of the labor of scientific and pedagogical workers of modern universities is of particular interest, especially in terms of the existence of factors that impede the digital transformation of the employment sector. The purpose of the study was to determine the legal possibility of introducing the achievements of the digital economy into the practice of legal regulation of labor, as well as to identify the factors that impede the digital transformation of the employment sector, using the example of scientific and pedagogical workers of modern universities. Materials and methods. The work used the methodology of a comprehensive study, including methods of document analysis, comparative analysis, secondary use of sociological, economic and medical data. The study used Rosstat data on higher education institutions registered in the Russian Federation for 2020. The results of the study show that the development of labor relations is taking place in line with modern global trends in terms of introducing the achievements of the digital economy into the practice of legal regulation of public relations. The sphere of education in our state is not an advanced industry for the introduction of digital technologies. However, according to research data, educational institutions of higher education are actively introducing electronic services and resources into their activities: electronic library systems (97.8%), electronic versions of textbooks (95.8%), training computer programs on certain subjects or topics (92.3%), as well as special software for solving individual problems – 90.8%, electronic document management systems – 84.1%. The specifics of work in educational organizations determines the need for the development and implementation of specific digital transformation tools in modern universities.

Women and the employment sector in India – A Review

Women constitute half of the population in India women development and empowerment is the pillar to enhance the economy of India. If India includes 50 % of the women into the workforce the annual growth can reach from1.5 % GDP to 9 %. Just because half of the population is kept away from the workforce, our development is slow. Gender inequality is the main drawback of the Indian society, which has made India remained underdeveloped in many ways. Traditional values and orthodox mentality has never allowed India developed internally. Poverty and hunger is also the product of gender inequality in India, women discrimination at the workplace, there is less payment for more work no social security they are becoming victims of sexual exploitation where as there are some states which are very safe for women like Pune Chandigarh where the police is in charge of making the city safe for women and girl. It is very necessary for the starting to promote gender equality at the school level, people should taught on sex education, violence, sexual violence, there should be more coed schools where both girls and boy study together strict rules and regulation in the society with women police available for the safety of women.

The Effect of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict on the Palestinian labor Market and Human Capital Accumulation

This paper summarizes recent literature that discusses the economic costs of several conflict measures, e.g., “time and geographical variation in fatalities and other conflict incidents, days under curfews, checkpoints, movement restrictions, and Palestinian substitution labor by foreigner workers on the Palestinian labor market and human capital”. Earnings and unemployment are the main labor market indicators, while human capital was assessed by educational attainment. Also, this essay sheds light on the wage differential in the Palestinian labor market due to geographical and employment sector factors as a consequence of the ongoing conflict.

The Effect of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict on the Palestinian labor Market and Human Capital Accumulation

This paper summarizes recent literature that discusses the economic costs of several conflict measures, e.g., “time and geographical variation in fatalities and other conflict incidents, days under curfews, checkpoints, movement restrictions, and Palestinian substitution labor by foreigner workers on the Palestinian labor market and human capital”. Earnings and unemployment are the main labor market indicators, while human capital was assessed by educational attainment. Also, this essay sheds light on the wage differential in the Palestinian labor market due to geographical and employment sector factors as a consequence of the ongoing conflict.

Diskriminasi pada Pemain Game Online Perempuan

Advances in technology have also developed entertainment facilities that are served to the community. One of the available entertainment facilities is mobile games or mobile games. Mobile games have considerable appeal for people of all ages and genders. This study analyzes the discrimination of female “Mobile Legends: Bang Bang” game players in the interaction of online game players Mobile Legend: Bang Bang. Research on gender discrimination focuses more on issues of work and gender roles in the cultural structure of society but still rarely researches leisure activities. For this reason, the study aims to determine the discrimination experienced by female players in Mobile Legends: Bang Bang and the forms of verbal discrimination spoken by the players during the game. This research was conducted using the phenomenological method to explore the experiences of the female players. The adventures of female players are used to understand the phenomena that lead to discrimination. The results of this study show that female players have experienced discrimination from male players. Discriminatory words and sentences indirectly degrade the degree and dignity of female players because they accuse female players of being prostitutes, being equated with animals, and mentioning that the Mobile Legend game is not a place for women. This research shows that gender discrimination occurs in the employment sector and in the entertainment sector, one of which is online games.Keywords: discrimination; interactive games; mobile games; Mobile Legends; woman players. Abstrak Kemajuan teknologi turut mengembangkan sarana hiburan yang disuguhkan untuk masyarakat. Salah satu sarana hiburan yang tersedia adalah permainan seluler atau mobile games. Mobile games memiliki daya tarik yang cukup besar bagi masyarakat dari berbagai kalangan usia maupun gender. Penelitian ini menganalisis diskriminasi pada pemain game “Mobile Legends: Bang Bang” perempuan pada interaksi pemain game online Mobile Legend:Bang Bang. Penelitian tentang diskriminasi gender lebih banyak berpusat pada persoalan pekerjaan dan peran gender dalam struktur budaya masyarakat, tetapi masih jarang meneliti pada kegiatan hiburan (leisure). Untuk itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui diskriminasi yang dialami oleh pemain perempuan Mobile Legends: Bang Bang dan bentuk-bentuk diskriminasi verbal yang diucapkan oleh para pemain selama permainan berlangsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode fenomenologi untuk menggali pengalaman dari para pemain perempuan. Pengalaman dari pemain perempuan digunakan untuk memahami fenomena yang mengarah pada diskriminasi. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pemain perempuan pernah mengalami diskriminasi dari pemain laki-laki. Kata-kata dan kalimat diskriminatif dikemukakan dengam menyebut pemain perempuan sebagai pelacur, disamakan dengan binatang, dan menyebutkan bahwa permainan Mobile Legend bukan tempat bagi perempuan. Melalui penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa diskriminasi gender terjadi tidak hanya pada sektor pekerjaan, tetapi juga pada sektor hiburan, salah satunya pada permainan daring. Kata Kunci: diskriminasi; Mobile Legends; permainan interaktif; pemain perempuan.

SP4.1.16 V is for vicious: a COVID burnout vector perspective

Aims No employment sector has been more heavily pressed by COVID-19 than healthcare. This study aimed to characterise surgical trainee burnout related to the pandemic, following a previous observational cohort study reporting 59% burnout. Methods A 36-point survey, including the 22-point Maslach Burnout Inventory evaluated emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and personal accomplishment amongst all surgical trainees within a UK Statutory Education Body, with responses received from 121 (75 Core (CST), 46 Higher Surgical Trainees (HST)). Results High burnout levels were evident across one, two, or all three domains in 60.3% (n = 73), 32.2% (n = 39) and 13.2% (n = 16), respectively. Median emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment scores were 19 (range 0-48), 7 (0-25) and 36 (6-48), respectively. Median emotional exhaustion score was related to age (25-29yr 25 vs. >40yr 4; p = 0.016), trainee grade (CST 23 vs. HST 13; p = 0.001) and parenthood (parents 13 vs. not parents 21; p = 0.011), as was depersonalisation: 9 (25-29yr) vs. 1 (>40yr; p = 0.001), 8 (CST) vs. 6 (HST; p = 0.006) and 5 (parents) vs. 8 (not parents; p < 0.001), respectively. COVID-19 induced curriculum working pattern disruption was observed in 82.6% (n = 100), with 31.4% (n = 38) redeployed away from surgery. Barriers to training and career development were the commonest stressors (71.9%) and more prevalent among younger trainees (25-29yr. 76.8% vs. >40yr. 28.6%; p = 0.045) and CST (80.0% vs. HST 58.7%; p = 0.011). Clinical workload concerns were associated with emotional exhaustion (OR 3.12; p = 0.008). Conclusions Burnout endures, though unique adverse clinical work environments may have boosted resilience. Countermeasures including Enhanced Stress Resilience Training remain a priority.