Atypical short elytra in Cretaceous short-winged flower beetles (Coleoptera: Kateretidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID PERIS ◽  
JOSEF JELÍNEK
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family

Although the family Kateretidae has fewer than 100 described extant species, its fossil record is growing. The description given here of Electrumeretes birmanicus gen. et sp. nov. and Polliniretes penalveri gen. et sp. nov. brings the number of fossil species in Kateretidae up to nine. Eight of the fossil species have been described from amber deposits and six are from the Cretaceous. All the Cretaceous fossil species and one from the Eocene share atypically short elytra and three dorsally exposed abdominal tergites, whereas in Recent relatives, even though they have shortened elytra, only the pygidium and a part of the preceding one or two abdominal tergites are exposed. It is suggested that shortened elytra (brachelytry) represents an ancestral state and that elytra may have become secondary longer in extant relatives.

First fossil Litoleptis (Diptera: Spaniidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Teruel Province, Spain)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2026 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIO ARILLO ◽  
ENRIQUE PEÑALVER ◽  
VICTORIA GARCÍA-GIMENO
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

In this paper Litoleptis fossilis sp. nov. a new fossil species belonging to the family Spaniidae (Diptera) is described. This is the first time the genus Litoleptis has been described from the fossil record. A comparison with extant species of Litoleptis and other fossil rhagionoids is done. The fossil is also compared to not closely related Diptera but having convergent wing venation. Palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical comments are provided.

Three new cribrimorph bryozoans (order Cheilostomatida) from the early Miocene of Argentina, with a discussion on spinocystal shield morphologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Juan López-Gappa ◽  
Leandro M. Pérez ◽  
Ana C.S. Almeida ◽  
Débora Iturra ◽  
Dennis P. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Subjective Synonym

Abstract Bryozoans with calcified frontal shields formed by the fusion of costae, collectively constituting a spinocyst, are traditionally assigned to the family Cribrilinidae. Today, this family is regarded as nonmonophyletic. In the Argentine Cenozoic, cribrilinids were until recently represented by only two fossil species from the Paleocene of Patagonia. This study describes the first fossil representatives of Jolietina and Parafigularia: J. victoria n. sp. and P. pigafettai n. sp., respectively. A fossil species of Figularia, F. elcanoi n. sp., is also described. The material comes from the early Miocene of the Monte León and Chenque formations (Patagonia, Argentina). For comparison, we also provide redescriptions of the remaining extant species of Jolietina: J. latimarginata (Busk, 1884) and J. pulchra Canu and Bassler, 1928a. The systematic position of some species previously assigned to Figularia is here discussed. Costafigularia n. gen. is erected, with Figularia pulcherrima Tilbrook, Hayward, and Gordon, 2001 as type species. Two species previously assigned to Figularia are here transferred to Costafigularia, resulting in C. jucunda n. comb. and C. tahitiensis n. comb. One species of Figularia is reassigned to Vitrimurella, resulting in V. ampla n. comb. The family Vitrimurellidae is here reassigned to the superfamily Cribrilinoidea. The subgenus Juxtacribrilina is elevated to genus rank. Inferusia is regarded as a subjective synonym of Parafigularia. Parafigularia darwini Moyano, 2011 is synonymized with I. taylori Kuklinski and Barnes, 2009, resulting in Parafigularia taylori n. comb. Morphological data suggest that these genera comprise different lineages, and a discussion on the disparities among cribrilinid (sensu lato) spinocysts is provided. UUID: http://zoobank.org/215957d3-064b-47e2-9090-d0309f6c9cd8

Notes on fossil Bdelloidea 1: the first snout mite (Acariformes: Bdellidae: Odontoscirinae) from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1754-1764
Author(s):  
Andrés O. Porta ◽  
Daniel N. Proud ◽  
Peter Michalik ◽  
Fabio Akashi Hernandes
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Mite Genus

A protonymph of the snout mite genus Odontoscirus Thor, 1913, O. cretacico sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Cretaceous amber of Myanmar is described and illustrated, constituting the earliest fossil species described of the family Bdellidae (ca. 99 Ma). After reexamining the literature and recollected specimens from type localities, we conclude that the following five recent species do not belong to the genus Biscirus and should be transferred to Odontoscirus: O. anomalicornis (Berlese 1916) comb. nov., O. symmetricus (Kramer 1898) comb. nov., O. uncinatus (Kramer 1898) comb. nov., O. norvegicus (Thor 1905) comb. nov., and O. insularis (Willmann 1939) comb. nov. The implications of the fossil record of the family is discussed.

scholarly journals New fossil stilt-legged mites of Neophyllobius Berlese, 1886 (Acariformes, Camerobiidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Zmudzinski
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe fossil record of the family Camerobiidae has been represented by only one species, Neophyllobius succineus Bolland and Magowski, 1990, described from Eocene Baltic amber. These prostigmatan mites are distinguishable by their distinctly long and slender stilt-like legs, and they are associated with aboveground vegetation where they hunt for other small invertebrates. This paper enhances the knowledge of fossil stilt-legged mites. Two new fossil species, N. electrus new species and N. glaesus new species, are described from samples of Baltic amber, and remarks on their morphology and taphonomy are provided. The discovery is complemented with a discussion on morphological singularities (the shape of the prodorsum, the location of setae h1 and h2 in living specimens, and lengths of genual setae), an anomaly of hypertrophied seta (found in the N. glaesus holotype), and some biogeographical issues.UUID: http://zoobank.org/d1602384-ae4f-4f90-b4a1-6cdedd77c9e1

A new fossil species of the Australian endemic genus Peradenia Naumann & Masner (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea, Peradeniidae) from Baltic Amber

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens-Wilhelm Janzen ◽  
Norman F. Johnson ◽  
Luciana Musetti
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Subfamily Classification ◽  
A New Species

AbstractThe family Peradeniidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea) is represented by two rare extant species from southeastern Australia (Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, Tasmania). A new species, Peradenia galerita sp. n., is described from Eocene Baltic amber. The fossil species is very similar to the living Perndenia, but has the short metasomatic petiole typical of most Proctotrupoidea. The subfamily classification of Heloridae proposed by Rasnitsyn and the status of Peradeniidae are briefly reviewed. The subfamily Mesohelorinae Rasnitsyn, 1990 is a junior synonym of Protohelorinae Rasnitsyn, 1980 (syn. n.).

scholarly journals Evolution of seahorses' upright posture was linked to Oligocene expansion of seagrass habitats

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Teske ◽  
Luciano B. Beheregaray
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Transitional Forms

Seahorses (Syngnathidae: Hippocampus ) are iconic marine teleosts that are readily identifiable by their upright posture. The fossil record is inadequate to shed light on the evolution of this trait because it lacks transitional forms. There are, however, extant syngnathid species (the pygmy pipehorses) that look like horizontally swimming seahorses and that might represent a surviving evolutionary link between the benthic seahorses and other, free-swimming members of the family Syngnathidae. Using sequence data from five nuclear loci, we confirm the sister taxon relationship between seahorses and pygmy pipehorses. Molecular dating indicates that the two taxa diverged during the Late Oligocene. During this time, tectonic events in the Indo-West Pacific resulted in the formation of vast amounts of new shallow-water areas and associated expansion of seagrass habitats that would have favoured the seahorses’ upright posture by improving their camouflage while not affecting their manoeuvrability negatively. The molecular techniques employed here provide new insights into the evolution of a taxon whose fossil record is incomplete, but whose evolutionary history is so recent that the major stages of morphological evolution are still represented in extant species.

First male of Corethrella andersoni Poinar & Szadziewski, 2007 (Diptera: Corethrellidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
RYSZARD SZADZIEWSKI ◽  
ELŻBIETA SONTAG
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Burmese Amber ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Genus

The family Corethrellidae, called frog-biting midges, with the single genus Corethrella Coquillett, 1902, is a small group of dipterans including 107 extant species (Borkent, 2017). Females of most species are haematophagous and feed on males of frogs and toads locating them by their calls (Borkent, 2008). Extant frog-biting midges have a pantropical distribution, absent in Europe, north Africa, middle and northern Asia (Giłka & Szadziewski, 2009). The genus during its phylogenetic history dated back to Lower Cretaceous (125–129 Ma) had a broader geographical distribution, and during Eocene was present in Europe. Till now nine fossil species have been described from Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber (1), mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (1), Eocene Baltic amber (5) and Miocene Dominican amber (2) (a complete annotated list is provided below). 

Phylogenetic overview of flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) reveals Elektroepyrinae, a new fossil subfamily

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283
Author(s):  
WESLEY D. COLOMBO ◽  
EVGENY E. PERKOVSKY ◽  
CELSO O. AZEVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Geological Record ◽  
Diverse Families ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family

The flat wasps, Bethylidae, are cosmopolitan and one of the most diverse families of Chrysidoidea. Bethylidae have 2,920 described extant species and almost 90 fossil species. The oldest geological record of the family is the Lower Cretaceous, from Lebanese and Spanish ambers and Transbaikalian rock fossils. Here we describe and illustrate one new fossil subfamily of Bethylidae: †Elektroepyrinae subfam. nov. represented by †Elektroepyris Perrichot & Nel from the lowermost Eocene Oise amber (France), which was cladistically assessed against all other eight subfamilies of Bethylidae. The new taxon is easily distinguished from other subfamilies by the forewing venation with the third abscissa of Cu present. Phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of all subfamilies of Bethylidae, with a matrix with 69 morphological characters and 22 terminal taxa from where †Elektroepyrinae subfam. nov. emerged as independent lineage from all other subfamilies.

scholarly journals Notes on rhopalosomatid wasps of Dominican and Mexican amber (Hymenoptera: Rhopalosomatidae) with a description of the first fossil species of <i>Rhopalosoma</i> Cresson, 1865

Fossil Record ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Lohrmann ◽  
Michael Ohl ◽  
Peter Michalik ◽  
James P. Pitts ◽  
Laurent Jeanneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Dominican Amber ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Fossil Records

Abstract. Rhopalosomatidae are a family of aculeate wasps that are ectoparasitoids of crickets as larvae and are predominantly distributed pantropically. The published fossil record of the family is scarce. Here, we report three new fossil rhopalosomatid wasp specimens from Dominican and Mexican amber. Rhopalosoma hispaniola Lohrmann sp. nov. is described and documented from Dominican amber by two separate inclusions – one of each sex. An additional fossil female Rhopalosoma is described and documented from Mexican amber but is not named due to the insufficient preservation of the fossil. The new fossils, which are morphologically intermediate between Townes' isopus and poeyi species groups, do not only represent the first fossil records of an extant genus of this peculiar family but also the first records of the family in Dominican and Mexican amber.

A taxonomic revision of the Pleistocene Hystrix (Hystricidae, Rodentia) from Eurasia with notes on the evolution of the family

2005 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. van Weers
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Asiatic Species

Measurements of many hundreds of the high-crowned cheek teeth of Hystrix specimens from the Euro-Asiatic Pleistocene in the collections of European and Asiatic institutions have been compared with extant species for a revision of the genus. A review is given about the extant genera and species of the family. The number of recognisable Euro-Asiatic species in the fossil record is reduced from eight to five. The European H. (A.) vinogradovi Argyropulo, 1941 is here considered to be a synonym of H. (A.) brachyura Linnaeus, 1758, and the three Asiatic species H. (H.) crassidens Lydekker, 1886, H. (H.) gigantea Van Weers, 1985 and H. (H.) magna Pei, 1987 are synonymized with H. (H.) refossa Gervais, 1852. Most of the Chinese fossil specimens are properly allocated to H. (H.) kiangsenensis Wang, 1931 instead of ‘H. subcristata’, and a neotype is indicated for this species. The distribution of the Indonesian Hystrix species is the result of several migration waves into Sundaland, and is not considered to be the result of ‘in situ’ evolution. Comparison of the Miocene material from the Siwaliks in India, described as Sivacanthion complicatus Colbert 1933, with extant and Pleistocene Atherurus results in allocation of this species to Atherurus karnuliensis Lydekker, 1886.

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