An annotated synopsis of Leiothrix (Eriocaulaceae) with additional nomenclatural notes

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-150
Author(s):  
ANA MARIA GIULIETTI
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Northern South America

Previous morphological and molecular studies indicate that the genus Leiothrix is a monophyletic and well supported clade in Eriocaulaceae. A taxonomic revision of the genus for the Flora Neotropica is in progress, but with the Flora do Brasil 2020 project now in its final stages, this synopsis became necessary to present an updated list of accepted species, their synonyms and typifications. Protologues and types of 122 previously published names have been reviewed. The genus now includes 39 species and six varieties, adding up to 42 taxa endemic to Brazil, occurring especially in the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais and Bahia States. One species extends from Brazil to other countries of northern South America and one species and one variety are found only in Venezuela. In this paper I propose 34 new synonyms, five new combinations, three changes of status, one neotype and 49 lectotypes.

Toward an Updated Taxonomy of the South American Chenopodiaceae I: Subfamilies Betoideae, Camphorosmoideae, and Salsoloideae

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 10-30
Author(s):  
Nicolás F. Brignone ◽  
Silvia S. Denham
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South American ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
The South ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Salsola Kali ◽  
New Synonyms

This paper is the first in a projected series of publications treating the Chenopodiaceae in South America. We present here a taxonomic revision of subfamilies Betoideae, Camphorosmoideae, and Salsoloideae in South America, where all representatives of these subfamilies are introduced. Our research is based on the study of herbarium material, type specimens, digital images, original publications, and field observations. The South American Chenopodiaceae flora includes only Beta vulgaris L. from Betoideae, Bassia hyssopifolia (Pall.) Kuntze, Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. Scott, and Maireana brevifolia (R. Br.) P. G. Wilson from Camphorosmoideae, and Salsola kali L., Salsola tragus L., and Soda inermis Fourr. from Salsoloideae. Lectotypes for Echinopsilon reuterianus Boiss., Kochia alata Bates, K. parodii Aellen, K. parodii var. elongata Aellen, K. parodii var. densa Aellen, K. parodii var. glabrescens Aellen, and Suaeda sieversiana Pall. are designated here, as well as a second-step lectotype for K. brevifolia R. Br. The distribution of all species is updated based on the revision and proper identification of many herbarium specimens and field observations. The distribution of M. brevifolia in Chile is here expanded. New synonyms for Bassia scoparia are proposed. A preliminary key to the genera of Chenopodiaceae in South America is also presented.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of the South American subgenus Canthon (Goniocanthon) Pereira & Martínez, 1956 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel de O.A. Nunes ◽  
Rafael V. Nunes ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

In this article, the subgenus Canthon (Goniocanthon) Pereira & Martínez, 1956 is diagnosed within the tribe Deltochilini Lacordaire, 1856 and redefined with three species: 1) C. (Goniocanthon) bicolor Castelnau, 1840, from the Guyanas and northern South America, included for the first time in this subgenus; 2) C. (G.) smaragdulus (Fabricius, 1781), including two subspecies, C. (G.) smaragdulus smaragdulus, senior synonym of Canthon speculifer Castelnau, 1840 (neotype here designated), from the southern portion of the Atlantic Forest and C. (G.) smaragdulus subviridis Schmidt stat. rev. (lectotype here designated) from the northern portion of the Atlantic Forest; 3) C. (G.) fulgidus Redtenbacher, 1868, which includes three subspecies, C. (G.) fulgidus fulgidus from the southern Amazon (lectotype here designated), C. (G.) fulgidus martinezi subsp. nov., from the central and southern Amazon and C. (G.) fulgidus pereirai subsp. nov., from the western Amazon.

A revision of the genus Syagrus (Arecaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARRY R. NOBLICK
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Complete List ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Species Descriptions

Presented here is a taxonomic revision of the Neotropical palm genus Syagrus (Arecaceae, Arecoideae, Cocoseae, Attaleinae), which is mostly from South America and primarily from Brazil. The history of the genus is reviewed. The revision includes a key, a complete list of synonymy, species descriptions, a list of specimens, distribution maps, color plates, and a conservation assessment of each species. Included herein are 65 species, 2 subspecies, and 14 natural hybrids. Of these palms, one is new (Syagrus pimentae); three are new combinations (S. cataphracta, S. elata, S. × dickensonii); and two have changed their status (S. graminifolia subsp. graminifolia and S. graminifolia subsp. glazioviana). Of the fourteen naturally occurring hybrids, eleven have hybrid names and three do not. This revision is an important contribution to the taxonomy and identification of Syagrus species from South America and the Caribbean, and is the culmination of many years of lab and fieldwork.

A new weevil genus Nefis gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae): systematics and taxonomic revision

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Gültekin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Plant Data ◽  
Three New Species

The new genus Nefis gen. nov. is described within the tribe Lixini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its systematic position is discussed. The new genus is recognized by short rectangular rostrum, trapezoidal female tergite VIII with truncate apex and long setaceous posterolateral margins, visible 2-segmented labial palpi and protruding sinuate dorsal apex of protibiae. Nefis gen. nov. is close to Larinus Dejean, 1821, Rhinocyllus Germar, 1817, and Bangasternus Gozis, 1882. Three new species are described from Turkey and Afghanistan: Nefis attilai sp. nov., Nefis kabakovi sp. nov. and Nefis korotyaevi sp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Larinus brevirostris Hochhuth, 1851, Larinus capiomonti Faust, 1885, Larinus reitteri Faust, 1889, Larinus liliputanus Faust, 1890, Larinus exclusus Faust, 1891, Larinus ochroleucus Capiomont v. pachyrrhinus Petri, 1907, and Larinus ochroleucus ssp. carthami Hoffmann, 1957. New synonyms and new combinations are proposed for Nefis brevirostris Hochhuth, 1851 comb. nov. [= Larinus reitteri Faust, 1889 syn. nov.], Nefis liliputanus Faust, 1890 comb. nov. [= Larinus exclusus Faust, 1891 syn. nov.], Nefis pachyrrhinus Petri, 1907 stat. rev. & comb. nov. [= Larinus badghysensis Ter-Minasian, 1982 syn. nov. = Larinus turcmenus Khnzorian, 1990 syn. nov.], Nefis ochroleucus Capiomont, 1874 comb. nov., Nefis capiomonti Faust 1885 comb. nov. Nefis afghanicus Ter-Minasian, 1987 comb. nov., Larinus inflatirostris Petri, 1907 is a nomen nudum. Larinus brevirostris Hochhuth is selected as the type species of the new genus. In total, nine species are included in Nefis. All species are described or redescribed, illustrated, and a key is provided. Host plant data and brief ecological observations are presented.

Redefinition of the vittata species group of Epicauta Dejean (1834) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and taxonomic revision of the species from southern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2824 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA PAULA CAMPOS-SOLDINI ◽  
SERGIO ALBERTO ROIG-JUÑENT
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

The Epicauta vittata group are commonly known as striped blister beetles and was defined by previous authors to include 32 species, 18 from North America, Central America and northern South America, and 14 from southern South America. In the present revision we revised 22 species from South America, excluding the following southern South American species: E. borgmeieri Denier, 1935; E. floydwerneri Martínez, 1955; E. franciscana Denier, 1935; E. fulginosa (Oliver, 1795); E. purpureiceps (Berg, 1889); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; and E. zebra (Dohrn, 1876) because they do not have the diagnostic characters of the group. The species of the E. vittata group from southern South America are: E. bosqi Denier, 1935; E. clericalis (Berg, 1881); E. grammica (Fischer, 1827); E. leopardina (Haag-Rutemberg, 1880); E. luteolineata Pic, 1933; E. missionum (Berg, 1881); E. monachica (Berg, 1883); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; plus two more species E. excavata (Klug, 1825); and E. semivittata (Fairmaire, 1875) until now not included in other groups. We provide a complete diagnosis of the E. vittata group from southern South America, redescribing and illustrating all included species. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of female and male genitalia are presented for the first time for these species. Finally, we provide an identification key for the ten species presently included in the E. vittata group, and update the geographic distribution of each species.

Revision and Phylogeny of the Eccritotarsine Plant Bug Genus Caulotops Bergroth, with Descriptions of Four New Genera and 14 New Species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Associated with Agave (Agavoideae: Asparagaceae) and Related Plant Genera

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4772 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-252
Author(s):  
THOMAS J. HENRY ◽  
KATRINA L. MENARD
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Host Use ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Genera ◽  
North Central ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Northern South America

The bryocorine genus Caulotops Bergroth (Miridae: Eccritotarsini), originally described to accommodate its only species C. puncticollis Bergroth, is shown not to be congeneric with all other species now included in the genus from North, Central, and northern South America. Consequently, four new genera are established for the following 20 species, including five new combinations and 14 species described as new: Agaveocoris n. gen. for Caulotops agavis Reuter (as the type species), n. comb.; C. barberi Knight, n. comb.; and C. distanti Reuter, n. comb. and the new species A. bimaculatus, n. sp.; A. barrerai, n. sp.; A. dimidiatus, n. sp.; A. marginalis, n. sp.; A. roseus, n. sp.; A. rostratus, n. sp.; A. schaffneri, n. sp.; and A. scutellatus, n. sp; Laterospinocoris, n. gen. for Caulotops cyaneipennis Reuter, new comb. (as the type species) and the new species L. mexicanus, n. sp.; Nigrotomocoris n. gen. for Caulotops nigrus Carvalho (as the type species), n. comb.; C. tibiopallidus Carvalho, n. comb.; and the new species N. keltoni, n. sp. and N. longirostris, n. sp.; and Schaffnerocoris, n. gen., for S. fuscotibialis, n. sp. (as the type species), S. pallipes, n. sp., and S. similis, n. sp. Lectotypes are designated for Caulotops agavis Reuter, Caulotops cyaneipennis Reuter, and Caulotops puncticollis Bergroth, and a neotype is designated for Eccritotarsus platensis Berg. Each genus and species is diagnosed and described; habitus images, illustration of male genitalia and selected female genitalia, and keys to genera and species are provided; and host use and the unique genitalic systems of these taxa are discussed. A phylogenetic analysis, based on 22 taxa and 39 characters, resulted in three trees supporting the monophyly of the four new genera proposed in this study. 

scholarly journals Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 40. Notes on Cephaloziellaceae (Marchantiophyta)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIŘÍ VÁŇA ◽  
LARS SÖDERSTRÖM ◽  
ANDERS HAGBORG ◽  
MATT VON KONRAT
Keyword(s):  
Broad Sense ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Early Land ◽  
Made In

The family Cephaloziellaceae is here defined in a very broad sense based mainly on molecular studies and includes morphologically diverse elements. Necessary new combinations are made in addition to some transfers and new synonyms in Cylindrocolea and Cephaloziella.

Insights into the Taxonomy of Citharexylum (Verbenaceae): A Revision of the South American Taxa

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 167-233
Author(s):  
Nataly O'Leary ◽  
Laura A. Frost ◽  
Fabiana Mirra ◽  
Pablo Moroni
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
New Combination ◽  
South American ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Citharexylum L. belongs to the recently circumscribed tribe Citharexyleae of the Verbenaceae, along with Rehdera Moldenke. It comprises around 50 to 60 species of trees and shrubs growing in the Neotropics. A complete taxonomic revision of Citharexylum in South America is here provided for the first time. Thirty taxa are present in South America, 27 of these are endemic, and three of them also grow in Central America. Detailed morphological descriptions are given for each taxon, as well as a key for their identification; illustrations, photographs, or iconography; updated synonymy; geographic distribution maps and ecological notes; list of selected specimens; and discussion about the relationship among closely related taxa. A new status, C. poeppigii Walp. var. anomalum (Moldenke) N. O’Leary, and a new combination, C. dentatum D. Don var. canescens (Moldenke) N. O’Leary, are proposed. Thirty-five new synonyms are suggested, and lectotypes are designated for C. fruticosum L. var. brittonii (Moldenke) I. E. Méndez, C. laurifolium Hayek, and Rauvolfia spinosa Cav.

A taxonomic revision of the spider genus Meriola Banks (Araneae: Trachelidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4936 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-113
Author(s):  
MARÍA E. GONZÁLEZ MÁRQUEZ ◽  
CRISTIAN J. GRISMADO ◽  
MARTÍN J. RAMÍREZ
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
First Time

The genus Meriola Banks currently includes 24 known species of spiders distributed across America, especially in southern South America. They have a nearly straight and narrower posterior eye row compared to other American genera of Trachelidae, and elongated and sharply tipped ventral leg cuspules. The study of specimens of Meriola available in collections revealed two undescribed species, M. avalosi sp. nov. and M. peras sp. nov., and the previously unknown females of M. balcarce Platnick & Ewing and M. quilicura Platnick & Ewing, all of which are described here. The female of M. lineolata (Mello-Leitão) comb. nov., transferred from Cetonana Strand, is described for the first time. Two further new combinations are proposed here: M. macrocephala (Nicolet) comb. nov., transferred from Trachelopachys Simon, and M. setosa (Simon) comb. nov., transferred from Cetonana; these two species are also considered senior synonyms of M. barrosi (Mello-Leitão) and M. hyltonae (Mello-Leitão), respectively. Additionally, a new sex matching of M. ramirezi Platnick & Ewing and M. davidi Grismado is proposed, with a redescription of the female of M. ramirezi provided. New geographical records are provided for all of the species, with images and a revised diagnosis for the genus and the previously known species. 

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