Reorganizing parasitic Delesseriaceae: taxonomic revision of Asterocolax

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 525 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
JILLIAN M. FREESE ◽  
CHRISTOPHER E. LANE
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
A New Species

Red algal parasites are highly host specific organisms that are morphologically reduced with decreased pigmentation. Only found within the Florideophyceae, red algal parasites have evolved within eight orders, with the greatest parasite diversity found in the Ceramiales. A quarter of the ceramialian parasites in the family Delesseriaceae are described in the genus Asterocolax. The initial morphological description of Asterocolax led to the creation of an independent genus devoted to these parasitic species, but molecular data have repeatedly demonstrated that Asterocolax species, and likely many other red algal parasites, resolve within the genera of free-living red algae, often within the same genus as their hosts. Here and in previous studies, phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA has shown at least six instances of independent evolution of Asterocolax species, mainly interspersed among the free-living macroalgal genera of Phycodrys and Polyneura. As most Asterocolax are sister species to their hosts, they are independently derived from a photosynthetic ancestor, and together, do not form a monophyletic parasitic genus. Here we conduct a long overdue taxonomic revision of the red algal parasitic genus Asterocolax, describe a new species within the genus, and propose nomenclatural changes for four other species to reduce the polyphyletic clades encompassing Asterocolax.

scholarly journals Merging the cryptic genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta): molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision

ALGAE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Marion A. Wolf ◽  
Katia Sciuto ◽  
Christine A. Maggs ◽  
Antonella Petrocelli ◽  
Ester Cecere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A New Species

Radicilingua Papenfuss and Calonitophyllum Aregood are two small genera of the family Delesseriaceae that consist of only three and one taxonomically accepted species, respectively. The type species of these genera, Radicilingua thysanorhizans from England and Calonitophyllum medium from the Americas, are morphologically very similar, with the only recognized differences being vein size and procarp development. To date, only other two species were recognized inside the genus Radicilingua: R. adriatica and R. reptans. In this study, we analysed specimens of Radicilingua collected in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (Mediterranean), including a syntype locality of R. adriatica (Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea), alongside material from near the type locality of R. thysanorhizans (Torpoint, Cornwall, UK). The sequences of the rbcL-5P gene fragment here produced represent the first molecular data available for the genus Radicilingua. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the specimens from the Adriatic and Ionian Seas were genetically distinct from the Atlantic R. thysanorhizans, even if morphologically overlapping with this species. A detailed morphological description of the Mediterranean specimens, together with an accurate literature search, suggested that they were distinct also from R. adriatica and R. reptans. For these reasons, a new species was here described to encompass the Mediterranean specimens investigated in this study: R. mediterranea Wolf, Sciuto & Sfriso. Moreover, in the rbcL-5P tree, sequences of the genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum grouped in a well-supported clade, distinct from the other genera of the subfamily Nitophylloideae, leading us to propose that Calonitophyllum medium should be transferred to Radicilingua.

Parasola psathyrelloides (Psathyrellaceae), a new species from Kerala State, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 405 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
K. G. GREESHMA GANGA ◽  
PATINJAREVEETTIL MANIMOHAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
A New Species

Parasola psathyrelloides sp. nov. is described from Kerala State, India, based on both morphological and molecular data. Comprehensive description, photographs, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided. Sequences of both the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nLSU) region of the new species were obtained and used in BLASTn searches. The phylogenetic study was based on Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of the ITS sequences.

Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4990 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-453
Author(s):  
STEPHEN J. MAXWELL ◽  
TASMIN L. RYMER ◽  
BRADLEY C. CONGDON
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Integrated Taxonomy ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Current Species ◽  
A New Species

This revision demonstrates that an integrated taxonomic approach to classical taxonomic practice can lead to increased internal cladistic resolution within a clade, including the recognition of new taxa at all nomenclatural levels. In particular, this revision has two aims: 1) to complete an α-taxonomic revision of Seraphsidae (Stromboidea); and 2) to resolve the infrafamilial relationships within Seraphsidae using morphological cladistics. An annotated synonymy was generated for each taxon, the precedence of names determined, and revised descriptions formulated. Character sets that reflect the synapomorphies within the major subclades of Seraphsidae were coded and a cladogram generated using maximum likelihood within the tnt program with default settings. Four forms of material and evidence were used in this systematic review: 1) the type material for each taxon; 2) non-type physical material; 3) published images; and 4) literary references for specimen localities without illustration. The current morphologically-based classification of Seraphsidae was found to be sound in terms of current species delimitations. Regardless of this, the use of an integrated taxonomy improved understanding of the internal cladistic relationships within Seraphsidae, which led to higher resolution of the internal cladistic arrangements and taxonomic delimitation. Furthermore, this increased resolution is now reflected in the family nomenclature. Two new subfamilies are proposed, Seraphsinae and Pseudoterebellinae, which are used to distinguish the two clades within Seraphsidae based on form: members of Seraphsinae are involute, while members of Pseudoterebellinae are evolute. Pseudoterebellum is proposed as a new genus to show the discontinuity in the fossil record and highlight the structural differences between it and Terebellum. A new species from Jamaica, Seraphs kaindraperi, is described, being the first record from that location and that geological period and is morphologically distinct from other described taxa. This revision included Mauryna within Seraphsidae on the grounds that it provides a basal link to the Seraphsidae sister taxa Semiterebellum and Terebellopsis, all of which are currently contained within Rostellariidae, and all three clades may in time be brought together under one family. All clades have been constructed to be in compliance with both the ICZN and PhyloCode. It was not possible within the context of this revision to test the results of the α-taxonomic findings against phylogenies generated with molecular data. This was due to the high number of extinct taxa within the Seraphsidae.  

Inocybe gregaria, a new species of the Inosperma clade from tropical India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 286 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. DEEPNA LATHA ◽  
PATINJAREVEETTIL MANIMOHAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
A New Species

Inocybe gregaria sp. nov. is described from Kerala State, India, based on morphological and molecular data. A comprehensive description, photographs, and comparisons with phenetically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (nrITS), a portion of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU) and a portion of the nuclear second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) gene of this species were sequenced and analyzed. BLASTn searches using LSU and rpb2 sequences and subsequent ML phylogram of combined LSU and rpb2 sequences revealed that I. gregaria is conspecific with Inocybe sp. ZT8944, a collection assigned to the Inosperma clade that remains undescribed.

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

Two new freshwater planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae) partially sympatric in Argentinean Patagonia

2021 ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
M. Lenguas Francavilla ◽  
L. Negrete ◽  
A. Martínez-Aquino ◽  
C. Damborenea ◽  
F. Brusa
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Argentinean Patagonia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Endemic Flora

Girardia Ball, 1974 is the most diverse and widely distributed genus of the family Dugesiidae (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) in the Neotropical region. Seven out of the 52 species of the genus are known for Argentina. The Somuncurá Plateau is a region in northern Patagonia with several endemic flora and fauna, but little is known about the free-living Platyhelminthes. We describe two new species of Girardia partially inhabiting in sympatry in the Somuncurá Plateau: Girardia somuncura sp. nov. and Girardia tomasi sp. nov. The identification criteria that we followed was an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular data. Thus, we used anatomical features focused on the reproductive system, together with a phylogenetic analysis, using a mitochondrial (COI barcode region) genetic marker. This study is the first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Girardia in which we include the southernmost representatives of America here described, thus making it possible to incorporate them in global phylogenies.

Trogia benghalensis (Marasmiaceae, Basidiomycota), a new species from India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 331 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARUN KUMAR DUTTA ◽  
SUDESHNA NANDI ◽  
ENTAJ TARAFDER ◽  
RIMPA SIKDER ◽  
ANIRBAN ROY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Region Data ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Trogia (Marasmiaceae, Basidiomycota) is described from West Bengal, India. Analysis of the molecular sequence (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region) data suggests that T. benghalesis is phylogenetically distinct from its closely related species. Comprehensive description based on macro- and microscopic characters, photographs and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided.

Amanita griseofusca: A new species of Amanita in section Vaginatae from Malam Jabba, Swat, Pakistan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 364 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUNAZZA KIRAN ◽  
JUNAID KHAN ◽  
HASSAN SHER ◽  
DONALD H. PFISTER ◽  
ABDUL NASIR KHALID
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Pileus Surface ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Partial Translation

A new species, Amanita griseofusca in section Vaginatae is described and illustrated here from Pakistan. Distinguishing characters of the new species include medium-sized basidiomata, greyish brown pileus surface with white to beige, membranous volval remnants present as one (large) to a few (small) warts, close lamellae which are cream colored with a pink tone, striations one third of the total pileus radius, broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal basidiospores and white loose saccate volva turning beige at maturity. Molecular data inferred from partial nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), partial nuc rDNA larger subunit region (LSU) and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) confirms the novelty of the present taxon.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of Russula subsection Amoeninae from South Korea

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Komsit Wisitrassameewong ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Aniket Ghosh ◽  
Kanad Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pileus Surface ◽  
A New Species

Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most Russula species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that Russula species from different continents are not conspecific. Therefore, the present study aims to: 1) define which species of Russula subsection Amoeninae occur on each continent using molecular phylogenetic analyses; 2) revise the taxonomy of Korean Amoeninae. The phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and multilocus sequences showed that subsection Amoeninae is monophyletic within subgenus Heterophyllidiae section Heterophyllae. A total of 21 Russula subsection Amoeninae species were confirmed from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and Central America, and species from different continents formed separate clades. Three species were recognized from South Korea and were clearly separated from the European and North American species. These species are R. bella, also reported from Japan, a new species described herein, Russula orientipurpurea, and a new species undescribed due to insufficient material.

scholarly journals A new species of Litarachna Walter, 1925 (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Pontarachnidae) from Corozal Bay (Belize), described based upon morphology and DNA barcodes

Acarologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-613
Author(s):  
Lucia Montes-Ortiz ◽  
Tom Goldschmidt ◽  
Lourdes Vásquez-Yeomans ◽  
Manuel Elías-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Electronic Microscope

A new planktonic species of the marine water mites of the family Pontarachnidae Koenike, 1910 is described from Corozal Bay, an estuarine system in Belize. The morphological description includes Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) images and is augmented by an analysis of DNA cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences, the DNA barcode, used for the first time for a species description in this group.

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