scholarly journals Merging the cryptic genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta): molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision

ALGAE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Marion A. Wolf ◽  
Katia Sciuto ◽  
Christine A. Maggs ◽  
Antonella Petrocelli ◽  
Ester Cecere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A New Species

Radicilingua Papenfuss and Calonitophyllum Aregood are two small genera of the family Delesseriaceae that consist of only three and one taxonomically accepted species, respectively. The type species of these genera, Radicilingua thysanorhizans from England and Calonitophyllum medium from the Americas, are morphologically very similar, with the only recognized differences being vein size and procarp development. To date, only other two species were recognized inside the genus Radicilingua: R. adriatica and R. reptans. In this study, we analysed specimens of Radicilingua collected in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (Mediterranean), including a syntype locality of R. adriatica (Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea), alongside material from near the type locality of R. thysanorhizans (Torpoint, Cornwall, UK). The sequences of the rbcL-5P gene fragment here produced represent the first molecular data available for the genus Radicilingua. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the specimens from the Adriatic and Ionian Seas were genetically distinct from the Atlantic R. thysanorhizans, even if morphologically overlapping with this species. A detailed morphological description of the Mediterranean specimens, together with an accurate literature search, suggested that they were distinct also from R. adriatica and R. reptans. For these reasons, a new species was here described to encompass the Mediterranean specimens investigated in this study: R. mediterranea Wolf, Sciuto & Sfriso. Moreover, in the rbcL-5P tree, sequences of the genera Radicilingua and Calonitophyllum grouped in a well-supported clade, distinct from the other genera of the subfamily Nitophylloideae, leading us to propose that Calonitophyllum medium should be transferred to Radicilingua.

Reorganizing parasitic Delesseriaceae: taxonomic revision of Asterocolax

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 525 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
JILLIAN M. FREESE ◽  
CHRISTOPHER E. LANE
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
A New Species

Red algal parasites are highly host specific organisms that are morphologically reduced with decreased pigmentation. Only found within the Florideophyceae, red algal parasites have evolved within eight orders, with the greatest parasite diversity found in the Ceramiales. A quarter of the ceramialian parasites in the family Delesseriaceae are described in the genus Asterocolax. The initial morphological description of Asterocolax led to the creation of an independent genus devoted to these parasitic species, but molecular data have repeatedly demonstrated that Asterocolax species, and likely many other red algal parasites, resolve within the genera of free-living red algae, often within the same genus as their hosts. Here and in previous studies, phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA has shown at least six instances of independent evolution of Asterocolax species, mainly interspersed among the free-living macroalgal genera of Phycodrys and Polyneura. As most Asterocolax are sister species to their hosts, they are independently derived from a photosynthetic ancestor, and together, do not form a monophyletic parasitic genus. Here we conduct a long overdue taxonomic revision of the red algal parasitic genus Asterocolax, describe a new species within the genus, and propose nomenclatural changes for four other species to reduce the polyphyletic clades encompassing Asterocolax.

Marine rotifers from the Northern Adriatic Sea, with description of Lecane insulaconae sp. nov. (Rotifera: Monogononta: Lecanidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fontaneto ◽  
Hendrik Segers ◽  
Giulio Melone
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Sandy Sediment ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Marine Rotifers ◽  
Scanning Electron

During a survey of the marine rotifers of the Northern Adriatic Sea, Italy, we found a total of 20 taxa, including a new species of Lecane. This novelty, Lecane insulaconae sp. nov., occurred in the interstitial area of sandy sediment in the outlet of the Isonzo River, at a salinity of 30‰ and is therefore the first exclusively marine representative of this diverse (~200 species) genus. It is characterized by unique sets of anterolateral projections on the ventral and dorsal lorica. Here, we present the description of the species, together with scanning electron microscopy pictures of trophi of this and some other species, and an account of the marine rotifers encountered during the survey.

scholarly journals Seawater Icicles of the Adriatic Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-994
Author(s):  
Vlado Malačič ◽  
Nedjeljka Žagar
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Bora Wind ◽  
The One

AbstractThe marine icicles that form on coastal constructions (e.g., piers and railings) are very common in polar and subpolar areas. The occasional formation of icicles in the coastal zones of the Mediterranean Sea occurs in relation to cold-air outbreaks from the polar region, such as the one presented in this paper in February 2018. The air temperatures over the northern Adriatic Sea, the northernmost part of the Mediterranean, dropped below –2.1°C, a necessary condition for seawater to freeze, with salinity between 38.0 and 38.5 PSU. The formation of icicles on the coastal structures was further enabled by the bora wind and related high seas along the coast. Measurements presented in this paper confirm that the icicles in the Bay of Piran in the Gulf of Trieste (45.55°N) were formed from the seawater. The measured salinity level of the melted icicles, around 9 PSU, is a typical value reported for marine icicles in polar regions.

scholarly journals Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Hard Bottom Polychaete Assemblages in the North Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean)

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Barbara Mikac ◽  
Margherita Licciano ◽  
Andrej Jaklin ◽  
Ljiljana Iveša ◽  
Adriana Giangrande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

The knowledge on the hard bottom polychaete assemblages in the Northern Adriatic Sea, a Mediterranean region strongly affected by environmental pressures, is scarce and outdated. The objective of this paper was to update the information on polychaete diversity and depict their patterns of natural spatial variation, in relation to changes in algal coverage at increasing depth. Hard bottom benthos was quantitatively sampled by scraping off the substrate from three stations at Sveti Ivan Island (North Adriatic) at three depths (1.5 m, 5 m and 25 m). Polychaete fauna comprised 107 taxa (the majority of them identified at species level) belonging to 22 families, with the family Syllidae ranking first in terms of number of species, followed by Sabellidae, Nereididae, Eunicidae and Serpulidae. Considering the number of polychaete species and their identity, the present data differed considerably from previous studies carried out in the area. Two alien species, Lepidonotus tenuisetosus, which represented a new record for the Adriatic Sea, and Nereis persica, were recorded. The highest mean abundance, species diversity and internal structural similarity of polychaete assemblages were found at 5 m depth, characterised by complex and heterogeneous algal habitat. The DISTLM forward analysis revealed that the distribution of several algal taxa as well as some algal functional-morphological groups significantly explained the observed distribution patterns of abundance and diversity of polychaete assemblages. The diversity of the North Adriatic hard bottom polychaete fauna is largely underestimated and needs regular updating in order to detect and monitor changes of benthic communities in the area.

Monstrilloids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the Mediterranean Sea (Northern Adriatic Sea), with a description of six new species

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (31-32) ◽  
pp. 1795-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Suárez-Morales ◽  
Alenka Goruppi ◽  
Alessandra de Olazabal ◽  
Valentina Tirelli
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of “Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum,” Cyanobacterial Symbionts of the Mediterranean Sponge Aplysina aerophoba

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate M. Slaby ◽  
Ute Hentschel
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Aplysina Aerophoba ◽  
Sponge Symbionts

ABSTRACT We report here four draft genome sequences belonging to clade F of the cyanobacterium “Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum” of the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba, which were collected from two nearby locations in the northern Adriatic Sea. The sequences provide the basis for within-clade comparisons between members of this widespread group of cyanobacterial sponge symbionts.

Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4990 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-453
Author(s):  
STEPHEN J. MAXWELL ◽  
TASMIN L. RYMER ◽  
BRADLEY C. CONGDON
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Integrated Taxonomy ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Current Species ◽  
A New Species

This revision demonstrates that an integrated taxonomic approach to classical taxonomic practice can lead to increased internal cladistic resolution within a clade, including the recognition of new taxa at all nomenclatural levels. In particular, this revision has two aims: 1) to complete an α-taxonomic revision of Seraphsidae (Stromboidea); and 2) to resolve the infrafamilial relationships within Seraphsidae using morphological cladistics. An annotated synonymy was generated for each taxon, the precedence of names determined, and revised descriptions formulated. Character sets that reflect the synapomorphies within the major subclades of Seraphsidae were coded and a cladogram generated using maximum likelihood within the tnt program with default settings. Four forms of material and evidence were used in this systematic review: 1) the type material for each taxon; 2) non-type physical material; 3) published images; and 4) literary references for specimen localities without illustration. The current morphologically-based classification of Seraphsidae was found to be sound in terms of current species delimitations. Regardless of this, the use of an integrated taxonomy improved understanding of the internal cladistic relationships within Seraphsidae, which led to higher resolution of the internal cladistic arrangements and taxonomic delimitation. Furthermore, this increased resolution is now reflected in the family nomenclature. Two new subfamilies are proposed, Seraphsinae and Pseudoterebellinae, which are used to distinguish the two clades within Seraphsidae based on form: members of Seraphsinae are involute, while members of Pseudoterebellinae are evolute. Pseudoterebellum is proposed as a new genus to show the discontinuity in the fossil record and highlight the structural differences between it and Terebellum. A new species from Jamaica, Seraphs kaindraperi, is described, being the first record from that location and that geological period and is morphologically distinct from other described taxa. This revision included Mauryna within Seraphsidae on the grounds that it provides a basal link to the Seraphsidae sister taxa Semiterebellum and Terebellopsis, all of which are currently contained within Rostellariidae, and all three clades may in time be brought together under one family. All clades have been constructed to be in compliance with both the ICZN and PhyloCode. It was not possible within the context of this revision to test the results of the α-taxonomic findings against phylogenies generated with molecular data. This was due to the high number of extinct taxa within the Seraphsidae.  

scholarly journals Record of an established population of Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in the Mediterranean Sea: confirming a prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 569 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. CUESTA ◽  
N. BETTOSO ◽  
G. COMISSO ◽  
C. FROGLIA ◽  
G. MAZZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Palaemon Macrodactylus ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Oriental Shrimp ◽  
Established Population

The capture of larvae of Palaemon macrodactylus off Mallorca (Balearic Islands) has been recently reported as evidence of a potential presence of a population of this species in the Mediterranean Sea. Photos of this species, taken during dives in the Sacca di Goro (northern Adriatic) were published in the same year, but no specimen could be collected at that time. Herein we report the capture in 2013 of numerous individuals of the oriental shrimp, including ovigerous females, both in the Sacca di Goro and in the Lagoon of Marano and Grado (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy), confirming the existence of a well-established population of this species in the Mediterranean Sea.

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