Ciallusiidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata), a monotypic family from deeper waters of the tropical Indo-West Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1742 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA KOTT
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Tropical Western Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Ciallusia longa Van Name, 1918, the type species of the family Ciallusiidae is confirmed as a junior synonym of Pterygascidia mirabilis Sluiter, 1904. Although relationships with Ciona and Perophora have successively been proposed, examination of 12 newly recorded specimens from the northwestern coast of Western Australia, together with a review of documented specimens, demonstrate a relationship with the Phlebobranchia. As in many Phlebobranchia, the taxon has a large, flat branchial sac, simple branchial tentacles, translucent gelatinous test, specialisation of muscles into long rows of bundles of short parallel bands and a straight gut. However, rather than Corellidae (as Sluiter had proposed on the basis of the lack of ciliated epithelium lining the pharyngeal perforations) the family most closely related appears to be the family Agneziidae (see Huus 1936 and Kott 1985) which has dorsal languets. The newly recorded specimens extend the known geographic range of this species from the tropical western Pacific to the Indian Ocean.

Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2561 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANÇOISE MONNIOT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
New Records ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Tropical Western Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Made In

Numerous collections of ascidians have been made in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but the inventory is far from complete. Each sampling provides new species. Two new didemnids are described here from Palau and Vanuatu. New records are given for 22 additional species with complementary descriptions and underwater photographs. The tropical ascidian fauna is highly diverse and successive new collections show that many of the species are not only widely distributed from the central to western Pacific but also common to the Indian Ocean.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Blue Corals (Genus Heliopora) Across the Indo-West Pacific

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Taninaka ◽  
Davide Maggioni ◽  
Davide Seveso ◽  
Danwei Huang ◽  
Abram Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Kuroshio Current ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Current Region ◽  
The Kuroshio

Species delimitation of corals is one of the most challenging issues in coral reef ecology and conservation. Morphology can obscure evolutionary relationships, and molecular datasets are consistently revealing greater within-species diversity than currently understood. Most phylogenetic studies, however, have examined narrow geographic areas and phylogeographic expansion is required to obtain more robust interpretations of within- and among- species relationships. In the case of the blue coral Heliopora, there are currently two valid species (H. coerulea and H. hiberniana) as evidenced by integrated genetic and morphological analyses in northwestern Australia. There are also two distinct genetic lineages of H. coerulea in the Kuroshio Current region that are morphologically and reproductively different from each other. Sampling from all Heliopora spp. across the Indo-Pacific is essential to obtain a more complete picture of phylogeographic patterns. To examine phylogenetic relationships within the genus Heliopora, we applied Multiplexed inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) Genotyping by sequencing (MIG-seq) on > 1287 colonies across the Indo-West Pacific. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees indicated the examined Heliopora samples comprise three genetically distinct groups: H. coerulea group, H. hiberniana group, and a new undescribed Heliopora sp. group with further subdivisions within each group. Geographic structuring is evident among the three species with H. hiberniana group found in the Indo-Malay Archipelago and biased toward the Indian Ocean whilst Heliopora sp. was only found in the Kuroshio Current region and Singapore, indicating that this taxon is distributed in the western Pacific and the Indo-Malay Archipelago. Heliopora coerulea has a wider distribution, being across the Indian Ocean and western Pacific. This study highlights the effectiveness of phylogenetic analysis using genome-wide markers and the importance of examining populations across their distribution range to understand localized genetic structure and speciation patterns of corals.

scholarly journals Two new species of Eulepethidae (Polychaeta) from Australian seas

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2839 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
SKIPTON WOOLLEY ◽  
ROBIN S. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Exploration of poorly known regions of the Australian continental margin has resulted in the discovery of two new species in the scale worm family Eulepethidae. Grubeulepis kurnai sp. nov. occurs in southeastern Australia while Proeulepethus payungu sp. nov. was collected at one site in the Indian Ocean on the continental margin of Western Australia. Pareulepis malayana (Horst, 1913), also collected from the continental margin of Western Australia, is newly recorded from Australia, representing a range extension of that species previously known from Madagascar, Malaysia and the South China Sea. Four species, and four of the six known genera of Eulepethidae are now known from Australian waters. The family Eulepethidae remains species-poor compared with most polychaete families, and now comprises 21 species world wide.

scholarly journals Initialized Decadal Predictions by LASG/IAP Climate System Model FGOALS-s2: Evaluations of Strengths and Weaknesses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wu ◽  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Fengfei Song ◽  
Yong Sun ◽  
Tianjun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Decadal Prediction ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Tropical Western Pacific ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Decadal prediction experiments are conducted by using the coupled global climate model FGOALS-s2, following the CMIP 5 protocol. The paper documents the initialization procedures for the decadal prediction experiments and summarizes the predictive skills of the experiments, which are assessed through indicators adopted by the IPCC AR5. The observational anomalies of surface and subsurface ocean temperature and salinity are assimilated through a modified incremental analysis update (IAU) scheme. Three sets of 10-year-long hindcast and forecast runs were started every five years in the period of 1960–2005, with the initial conditions taken from the assimilation runs. The decadal prediction experiment by FGOALS-s2 shows significant high predictive skills in the Indian Ocean, tropical western Pacific, and Atlantic, similar to the results of the CMIP5 multimodel ensemble. The predictive skills in the Indian Ocean and tropical western Pacific are primarily attributed to the model response to the external radiative forcing associated with the change of atmospheric compositions. In contrast, the high skills in the Atlantic are attributed, at least partly, to the improvements in the prediction of the Atlantic multidecadal variability coming from the initialization.

Deep-water, offshore, and new records of Schindler’s fishes, Schindleria (Teleostei, Gobiidae), from the Indo-west Pacific collected during the Dana-Expedition, 1928–1930

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4731 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-470
Author(s):  
HARALD AHNELT ◽  
MICHAEL SAUBERER
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
New Records ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Central Indian Ocean ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Southwestern Indian Ocean

Schindleria (Giltay (1934), Schindler’s fishes (or infantfishes), is a genus of small (< 22 mm) paedomorphic species of the family Gobiidae which mature extremely fast. These fishes occur from the eastern Pacific (Cocos Islands off Costa Rica, seamounts Nazca and Sala y Gómez) to the southwestern Indian Ocean (southeast Africa). Nevertheless, there is a large gap in the distributional area between the Philippines (western Pacific) and India/Sri Lanka (Central Indian Ocean) which spans nearly 5000 km. We present the first comprehensive documentation of published records of Schindleria together with samples collected during the Dana-Expedition, between 1928 and 1930 at 44 stations from Polynesia to southeast Africa, with 8 records from the western Pacific to the Central Indian Ocean. We present three first records, 18 new records and the southernmost record for the Indian Ocean. Although Schindler’s fishes were generally documented from or close to islands and reefs, we present 23 offshore records (at least 30 km distant to a shore or reef) and 27 deep-water records (at least 65 m deep). Records between 320 and 360 km offshore are the most extreme offshore records of Schindleria ever documented. The records from about 500- and 1000-m depths are the deepest ever documented for Schindler’s fishes. 

scholarly journals Importance of seasonally resolved oceanic emissions for bromoform delivery from the tropical Indian Ocean and west Pacific to the stratosphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 11973-11990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Fiehn ◽  
Birgit Quack ◽  
Irene Stemmler ◽  
Franziska Ziska ◽  
Kirstin Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Boreal Winter ◽  
The West ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Oceanic Emissions

Abstract. Oceanic very short-lived substances (VSLSs), such as bromoform (CHBr3), contribute to stratospheric halogen loading and, thus, to ozone depletion. However, the amount, timing, and region of bromine delivery to the stratosphere through one of the main entrance gates, the Indian summer monsoon circulation, are still uncertain. In this study, we created two bromoform emission inventories with monthly resolution for the tropical Indian Ocean and west Pacific based on new in situ bromoform measurements and novel ocean biogeochemistry modeling. The mass transport and atmospheric mixing ratios of bromoform were modeled for the year 2014 with the particle dispersion model FLEXPART driven by ERA-Interim reanalysis. We compare results between two emission scenarios: (1) monthly averaged and (2) annually averaged emissions. Both simulations reproduce the atmospheric distribution of bromoform from ship- and aircraft-based observations in the boundary layer and upper troposphere above the Indian Ocean reasonably well. Using monthly resolved emissions, the main oceanic source regions for the stratosphere include the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal in boreal summer and the tropical west Pacific Ocean in boreal winter. The main stratospheric injection in boreal summer occurs over the southern tip of India associated with the high local oceanic sources and strong convection of the summer monsoon. In boreal winter more bromoform is entrained over the west Pacific than over the Indian Ocean. The annually averaged stratospheric injection of bromoform is in the same range whether using monthly averaged or annually averaged emissions in our Lagrangian calculations. However, monthly averaged emissions result in the highest mixing ratios within the Asian monsoon anticyclone in boreal summer and above the central Indian Ocean in boreal winter, while annually averaged emissions display a maximum above the west Indian Ocean in boreal spring. In the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone bromoform atmospheric mixing ratios vary by up to 50 % between using monthly averaged and annually averaged oceanic emissions. Our results underline that the seasonal and regional stratospheric bromine injection from the tropical Indian Ocean and west Pacific critically depend on the seasonality and spatial distribution of the VSLS emissions.

scholarly journals A new species of the genus Smacigastes Ivanenko & Defaye, 2004 (Tegastidae, Harpacticoida, Copepoda) from the Onnuri Vent Field in the Indian Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 699-714
Author(s):  
Jong Guk Kim ◽  
Jimin Lee
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
First Record ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
A New Species

The genus Smacigastes Ivanenko &amp; Defaye, 2004 (Harpacticoida, Copepoda) is the most primitive genus in the family Tegastidae Sars, 1904, occurring in deep-sea chemosynthetic environments, such as hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, whale falls and wood falls. Our exploration of the Onnuri Vent Field, the sixth active hydrothermal vent system in the Central Indian Ridge, resulted in the discovery of a new species in the genus Smacigastes. A detailed morphological analysis of S. pumilasp. nov. reveals that it most resembles S. barti Gollner, Ivanenko &amp; Martínez Arbizu, 2008, described from a hydrothermal vent in the East Pacific Ridge; the new species can be distinguished from the existing species by the 8-segmented female antennule, the absence of an abexopodal seta on the antennary basis, the mandibular exopod represented by a single seta and the exopod of the first leg with five setae. This is the first record of Smacigastes in the Indian Ocean. A dichotomous key to species of the genus Smacigastes worldwide is provided.

scholarly journals Pararhodobacter marinus sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea water of the Indian Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiliang Lai ◽  
Xiupian Liu ◽  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Shuchen Xie ◽  
Zongze Shao
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Deep Sea Water ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Indian Ocean

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain CIC4N-9T, which was isolated from deep-sea water of the Indian Ocean. The bacterium was Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped and non-motile. Growth was observed at salinities of 0–9% and at temperatures of 4–41 °C. The isolate was able to degrade gelatin but not aesculin. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain CIC4N-9T belonged to the genus Pararhodobacter , with the highest sequence similarity to the only recognized species, Pararhodobacter aggregans D1-19T (96.9 %). The average nucleotide identity and estimated DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain CIC4N-9T and P. aggregans D1-19T were 80.4 and 23.0 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl, C18 : 0 and C17 : 0. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 66.8 mol%. The sole respiratory quinone was determined to be Q-10. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unknown phospholipids, four unknown aminolipids and one unknown polar lipid were present. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data show that strain CIC4N-9T represents a novel species within the genus Pararhodobacter , for which the name Pararhodobacter marinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CIC4N-9T (=MCCC 1A01225T=KCTC 52336T).

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