The family Ophiuridae in the bathyal zone of the Indian Ocean: Origin and biogeography

The genus Smacigastes Ivanenko & Defaye, 2004 (Harpacticoida, Copepoda) is the most primitive genus in the family Tegastidae Sars, 1904, occurring in deep-sea chemosynthetic environments, such as hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, whale falls and wood falls. Our exploration of the Onnuri Vent Field, the sixth active hydrothermal vent system in the Central Indian Ridge, resulted in the discovery of a new species in the genus Smacigastes. A detailed morphological analysis of S. pumilasp. nov. reveals that it most resembles S. barti Gollner, Ivanenko & Martínez Arbizu, 2008, described from a hydrothermal vent in the East Pacific Ridge; the new species can be distinguished from the existing species by the 8-segmented female antennule, the absence of an abexopodal seta on the antennary basis, the mandibular exopod represented by a single seta and the exopod of the first leg with five setae. This is the first record of Smacigastes in the Indian Ocean. A dichotomous key to species of the genus Smacigastes worldwide is provided.

Download Full-text

Le Droit des Nations aux Indes Orientales Aux XVIE, XVIIE, XVIIIE siècles (1964)

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198766070.003.0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

C. H. Alexandrowicz

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Natural Law ◽

European Law ◽

Historical Reality ◽

Law Of Nations ◽

The Family ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

Territorial Rights ◽

The Law

This chapter challenges the projection of nineteenth-century assumptions onto the historical reality of the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries by arguing that the earlier transactions between European and Asian powers took place under the rubric of the law of nations. The classical European authors founded their theories on natural law and considered the family of nations universal, and Europeans acquired territorial rights in Asia in accord with principles of European law, through conquest or treaties of cession. The law of nations in Europe at this time was still in formation, and juridical developments were affected by the practice of states in the Indian Ocean. The chapter considers uncertainties and debates around sovereignty (vassals, suzerains, trading companies), territorial title, and maritime law, particularly in the controversy between Grotius and Freitas, and the rise of discriminatory monopolistic treaties that restricted Asian sovereigns’ ability to deal with more than one European power.

Download Full-text

Recent ostracodes of the family Pontocyprididae chiefly from the Indian Ocean

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.5479/si.00810282.7 ◽

1969 ◽

pp. 1-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Rosalie F. Maddocks

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

The Family ◽

The Indian Ocean

Download Full-text

Four new species of Anatomidae (Mollusca: Vetigastropoda) from the Indian Ocean (Reunion, Mayotte) and Australia, with notes on a novel radular type for the family

Zoosymposia ◽

10.11646/zoosymposia.1.1.14 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 247-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

DANIEL L. GEIGER ◽

TAKENORI SASAKI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Deep Water ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Central Field ◽

South Wales ◽

The Family ◽

Réunion Island ◽

The Indian Ocean

Four new species of Anatomidae are described: Anatoma herberti n. sp. with strong axial sculpture on the shoulder and base; A. austrolissa n. sp. with almost smooth sculpture except for axial cords in the adumbilical half of the base; A. boucheti n. sp. with sunken protoconch and selenizone that starts after more than one teleoconch I whorl; and A. fl exidentata n. sp. with a highly modifi ed radula, shared only with A. austrolissa, among known anatomid species. Three of the species are only known from the Indian Ocean, while the more deep-water A. austrolissa is known from Reunion Island and New South Wales, Australia. The radula of A. flexidentata and A. austrolissa is strikingly different from that of other Anatomidae and Vetigastropoda in that it has flexible equally-shaped teeth in the central field and filamentous teeth in the marginal fi eld. Similar radular morphologies are known from Calliostomatidae.

Download Full-text

Echiniscidae in the Mascarenes: the wonders of Mauritius

Evolutionary Systematics ◽

10.3897/evolsyst.5.59997 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 93-120

Author(s):

Yevgen Kiosya ◽

Katarzyna Vončina ◽

Piotr Gąsiorek

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Supernumerary Teeth ◽

Biogeographic Patterns ◽

Typical Member ◽

The Family ◽

The World ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

One New Species ◽

Mascarene Archipelago

Many regions of the world remain unexplored in terms of the tardigrade diversity, and the islands of the Indian Ocean are no exception. In this work, we report four species of the family Echiniscidae representing three genera from Mauritius, the second largest island in the Mascarene Archipelago. Two species belong in the genus Echiniscus: Echiniscus perarmatus Murray, 1907, a pantropical species, and one new species: Echiniscus insularissp. nov., one of the smallest members of the spinulosus group and the entire genus, being particularly interesting due to the presence of males and supernumerary teeth-like spicules along the margins of the dorsal plates. The new species most closely resembles Echiniscus tropicalis Binda & Pilato, 1995, for which we present extensive multipopulation data and greatly extend its distribution eastwards towards islands of Southeast Asia. Pseudechiniscus (Meridioniscus) mascarenensissp. nov. is a typical member of the subgenus with elongated (dactyloid) cephalic papillae and the pseudosegmental plate IV’ with reduced posterior projections in males. Finally, a Bryodelphax specimen is also recorded. The assemblage of both presumably endemic and widely distributed tardigrade species in Mauritius fits the recent emerging biogeographic patterns for this group of micrometazoans.

Download Full-text

Taxonomic note on Calymperes flaviusculum, a synonym of C. moluccense (Calympereaceae, Bryophyta)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.399.2.8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 399 (2) ◽

pp. 170

Author(s):

ORAWANYA SUWANMALA ◽

SI HE ◽

LEONARD T. ELLIS ◽

SAHUT CHANTANAORRAPINT

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Taxonomic Note ◽

Broad Concept ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Family ◽

Variable Species ◽

The Indian Ocean

Calymperes Sw. ex Weber (1813) is the second largest genus in the family Calymperaceae (after Syrrhopodon Schwägrichen (1824: 110)) and comprises approximately 53 accepted species worldwide, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions (Frey & Stech 2009). It is easily separated from other genera of the Calymperaceae by its distinctive sporophytes, which lack peristome teeth, but possess a persistent calyptra. Calymperes palisotii Schwägrichen (1816: 334) is an extremely variable species, occurring from the Neotropics, across Africa, through the islands of the Indian Ocean, to India and Sri Lanka, rarely penetrating eastwards into Indochina and Malesia (Ellis 2018). In their broad concept, Reese & Mohamed (1985) treated many species of Calymperes as synonyms of C. palisotii. These included C. moluccense Schwägrichen (1824: 99) a highly variable species from Malaysia and Oceania. Based on an examination of a wide range of materials of C. palisotii, Ellis (1987) considered that C. moluccense was quite different from C. palisotii, and reinstated C. moluccense as a good species, placing in synonymy with the latter, several taxa also previously regarded as synonyms of C. palisotii (Ellis 1987).

Download Full-text

Two new species of Eulepethidae (Polychaeta) from Australian seas

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2839.1.2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2839 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

SKIPTON WOOLLEY ◽

ROBIN S. WILSON

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

South China Sea ◽

Western Australia ◽

Continental Margin ◽

World Wide ◽

Southeastern Australia ◽

The Family ◽

Two New Species ◽

The Indian Ocean

Exploration of poorly known regions of the Australian continental margin has resulted in the discovery of two new species in the scale worm family Eulepethidae. Grubeulepis kurnai sp. nov. occurs in southeastern Australia while Proeulepethus payungu sp. nov. was collected at one site in the Indian Ocean on the continental margin of Western Australia. Pareulepis malayana (Horst, 1913), also collected from the continental margin of Western Australia, is newly recorded from Australia, representing a range extension of that species previously known from Madagascar, Malaysia and the South China Sea. Four species, and four of the six known genera of Eulepethidae are now known from Australian waters. The family Eulepethidae remains species-poor compared with most polychaete families, and now comprises 21 species world wide.

Download Full-text