Description of a new genus and two new species of killifish (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae) from West Africa, with a discussion of the taxonomic status of Aphyosemion maeseni Poll, 1941

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2294 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAINER SONNENBERG ◽  
ECKHARD BUSCH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Adult Males

The phylogeny of the West African genus Archiaphyosemion was studied with mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. The results of the combined dataset presented here did not support a monophyletic group. After the exclusion of the type species of the genus, A. guineense, the remaining species form a well-supported monophyletic group. Based on these molecular results and supported by morphological data, we suggest a new name for this group, Nimbapanchax, new genus. Additionally, based on a recent collection in Guinea, two new Nimbapanchax species were described. The taxon Nimbapanchax leucopterygius, new species, is described for a nothobranchiid fish formerly misidentified as Archiaphyosemion maeseni (Poll, 1941). Nimbapanchax melanopterygius, new species, is described from the Mount Nimba region in southeastern Guinea. Both new Nimbapanchax species are clearly distinguished from their congeners by the coloration pattern of adult males. The results of the DNA data support the assumption based on color pattern and morphological characters that the new described species are sister taxa. The type of Aphyosemion maeseni Poll, 1941 was reexamined and transferred to the genus Epiplatys, a decision based on diagnostic morphological characters.

Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)*

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1668 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. GULLAN ◽  
L. G. COOK
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies

The superfamily Coccoidea contains nearly 8000 species of plant-feeding hemipterans comprising up to 32 families divided traditionally into two informal groups, the archaeococcoids and the neococcoids. The neococcoids form a monophyletic group supported by both morphological and genetic data. In contrast, the monophyly of the archaeococcoids is uncertain and the higher level ranks within it have been controversial, particularly since the late Professor Jan Koteja introduced his multi-family classification for scale insects in 1974. Recent phylogenetic studies using molecular and morphological data support the recognition of up to 15 extant families of archaeococcoids, including 11 families for the former Margarodidae sensu lato, vindicating Koteja’s views. Archaeococcoids are represented better in the fossil record than neococcoids, and have an adequate record through the Tertiary and Cretaceous but almost no putative coccoid fossils are known from earlier. In contrast, the sister group of the scale insects (Aphidoidea) has a more informative Jurassic and Triassic record. Relationships among most scale insect families are unresolved in phylogenetic trees based on nuclear DNA sequences, and most nodes in trees based on morphological data, including those from adult males, are poorly supported. Within the neococcoids, the Eriococcidae is not monophyletic and the monophyly of the Coccidae and Diaspididae may be compromised by the current family-level recognition of a few species-poor autapomorphic groups.

scholarly journals A revision of the Monodelphis glirina group (Didelphidae: Marmosini), with a description of a new species from Roraima, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia E Pavan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Formal Description ◽  
Group Information ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Emended Diagnosis

Abstract Short-tailed opossums of the nominotypical subgenus Monodelphis occur throughout most of the cis-Andean lowlands of tropical South America. Among its member species, a monophyletic group that includes M. glirina (Amazonian red-sided opossum), M. sanctaerosae (Santa Rosa short-tailed opossum), and an unnamed taxon, herein referred to as the Monodelphis glirina group, is the focus of this paper. I provide an emended diagnosis for species of the group, information about geographic variation in M. glirina (including M. maraxina [Marajó short-tailed opossum]), and a formal description for the unnamed taxon mentioned above. The new species, known from two savanna localities in northeastern Roraima, is geographically disjunct from its closer relatives, M. glirina and M. sanctaerosae, only known to occur south of the Amazon. The new species differs from other congeneric taxa by a set of morphological characters and by DNA sequences. Cuícas-de-cauda-curta do subgênero nominotípico Monodelphis ocorrem na maior parte das planícies cis-Andinas da América do Sul tropical. Dentre as espécies membro, o grupo monofilético que inclui M. glirina, M. sanctarosae, e um táxon ainda não descrito, referido como grupo Monodelphis glirina, é o foco do presente estudo. Aqui são fornecidas diagnoses emendadas para as espécies do grupo, informações sobre variação geográfica em M. glirina (incluindo M. maraxina), e descrição formal para o novo táxon mencionado acima. A nova espécie, conhecida de duas localidades de savana no nordeste de Roraima, encontra-se geograficamente disjunta das espécies mais proximamente relacionadas, M. glirina e M. sanctaerosae, somente conhecidas para a porção sul da Amazônia. A nova espécie difere das demais espécies congenéricas por um conjunto de características morfológicas e por sequências de DNA.

Taxonomic evaluation of two similar bent-toed geckos Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) from East Java, Indonesia

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4830 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-196
Author(s):  
AWAL RIYANTO ◽  
ACHMAD FARAJALLAH ◽  
AMIR HAMIDY ◽  
YULI SULISTYA FITRIANA ◽  
MISBAHUL MUNIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Land Vertebrates ◽  
Taxonomic Evaluation

The bent-toed geckos of the genus Cyrtodactylus are the most speciose land vertebrates of Southeast Asia (about 300 species so far) and new species continue to be recognized at a rapid rate. Within the last decade three new species were described from Java, Indonesia, C. semiadii, C. petani, and C. klakahensis. The latter two are very similar, except for differences in the precloacal depression in adult males. These two species have relatively close type localities, separated from each other by only about 50 km, and with similar habitat type and elevation. Our study aimed to evaluate the taxonomic status of C. klakahensis and C. petani using both morphological and genetic evidence. These two species are genetically similar, with a genetic divergence of only 1.5 to 1.6%. This divergence is well below the level of typically characterizes sister species of Cyrtodactylus (approximately 4% in the mitochondrial ND2 gene), and is more in line with population variation due to geographic distance. Further examination of specimens, from both type localities, showed no diagnostic morphological characters between the two species. Thus, we conclude that C. klakahensis and C. petani are conspecific, and following article 23 of the ICZN, C. klakahensis is herein considered a junior synonym of C. petani. 

scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy of the new millipede genus Coxobolellus, gen. nov. (Diplopoda : Spirobolida : Pseudospirobolellidae), with descriptions of ten new species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyatida Pimvichai ◽  
Henrik Enghoff ◽  
Somsak Panha ◽  
Thierry Backeljau
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Morphological Differences

Pseudospirobolellidae is a poorly known family of spirobolidan millipedes with only two genera and five described species. Yet, the descriptive taxonomy and molecular systematics of this group have been largely neglected. Therefore, the present work presents an integrative taxonomic study of new pseudospirobolellid taxa in Thailand. To this end, two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI and 16S rRNA) combined with morphological characters were used to define the genus Coxobolellus, gen. nov. with 10 new species, viz. C. albiceps, sp. nov., C. compactogonus, sp. nov., C. fuscus, sp. nov., C. nodosus, sp. nov., C. serratus, sp. nov., C. simplex, sp. nov., C. tenebris, sp. nov., C. tigris, sp. nov., C. transversalis, sp. nov. and C. valvatus, sp. nov. The interspecific COI sequence divergences among the new species ranged from 6 to 15%. The intergeneric COI sequence divergence between species of Coxobolellus, gen. nov., Benoitolus birgitae and Pseudospirobolellus sp. ranged from 20 to 23%. Three major morphological differences separate Coxobolellus, gen. nov. from Benoitolus and Pseudospirobolellus, namely (1) the protruding process on the 3rd (and 4th) coxae on male legs, (2) the posterior gonopod telopodite divided into two parts, and (3) a conspicuous opening pore at the mesal margin at the end of the coxal part of the posterior gonopod. Thus, the new genus is well supported by both mtDNA and morphological evidence, while the delimitation of the 10 new species is supported by the congruence between mtDNA and morphological data. Yet, with respect to the relationships of Benoitolus birgitae, morphological data suggest a similarity with Coxobolellus, gen. nov. and Pseudospirobolellus, whereas mtDNA data place this species in the Pachybolidae. Further phylogenetic analyses are needed to explore this apparent incongruence and test the monophyly of Pseudospirobolellidae.

scholarly journals Molecular phylogenetic analysis of a taxonomically unstable ranid from Sumatra, Indonesia, reveals a new genus with gastromyzophorous tadpoles and two new species

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umilaela Arifin ◽  
Utpal Smart ◽  
Stefan T. Hertwig ◽  
Eric N. Smith ◽  
Djoko T. Iskandar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species

The presence of an adhesive abdominal sucker (gastromyzophory) allows tadpoles of certain species of anurans to live in fast-flowing streams. Gastromyzophorous tadpoles are rare among anurans, known only in certain American bufonids and Asian ranids. To date,Huia sumatrana, which inhabits cascading streams, has been the only Sumatran ranid known to possess gastromyzophorous tadpoles. In the absence of thorough sampling and molecular barcoding of adults and larvae, it has remained to be confirmed whether other Sumatran ranid species living in similar habitats, i.e.,Chalcorana crassiovis, possesses this larval type. Moreover, the taxonomic status of this species has long been uncertain and its taxonomic position within the Ranidae, previously based exclusively on morphological characters, has remained unresolved. To study the diversity and relationships of these frogs and to establish the identity of newly collected gastromyzophorous tadpoles from Sumatra, we compared genetic sequences ofC. crassiovis-like taxa from a wide range of sites on Sumatra. We conducted bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses on a concatenated dataset of mitochondrial (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and tRNAval) and nuclear (RAG1 and TYR) gene fragments. Our analyses recoveredC. crassiovisto be related toClinotarsus,Huia, andMeristogenys. The DNA barcodes of the gastromyzophorous tadpoles matched adults from the same sites. Herein, we provide a re-description of adultC. crassiovisand propose “C. kampeni” as a synonym of this species. The molecular evidence, morphological features, and distribution suggest the presence of two related new species. The two new species andC. crassiovistogether represent a distinct phylogenetic clade possessing unique molecular and morphological synapomorphies, thus warranting a new genus.

A new species of Pseudocalotes (Squamata: Agamidae) from the Bukit Barisan Range of Sumatra with an Estimation of its phylogeny

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4276 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL B. HARVEY ◽  
KYLE SHANEY ◽  
AMIR HAMIDY ◽  
NIA KURNIAWAN ◽  
ERIC N. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Its Phylogeny ◽  
Fifth Toe ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of Pseudocalotes from montane forests of the central, western coast of Sumatra. The combination of 3 or 4 interoculabials, slightly enlarged and heavily keeled scales on the lower flanks, a white scapular spot, a relatively long fifth toe, bicarinate lamellae at the base of Toe III, absence of a postrictal modified scale, and three rows of paravertebrals directed dorsally and posteriorly distinguishes the new species from its congeners on Sumatra and Java. Among the new characters defined in this study, counts of subdigital lamellae within the “span of Toe V” proved particularly useful for diagnosing species of Pseudocalotes. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences identified a monophyletic group containing the Sumatran and Javan Pseudocalotes. Based on the phylogeny, we define a P. cybelidermus Group containing P. cybelidermus and P. guttalineatus and a P. tympanistriga Group containing P. tympanistriga, P. rhammanotus, and the new species. Combinations of five morphological characters define each of these two clades. As currently defined, Pseudocalotes is polyphyletic; Javan and Sumatran species are more closely related to other draconines such as Dendragama boulengeri than they are to some mainland species. 

scholarly journals A new genus of air-breathing marine slugs from South-East Asia (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 31-80
Author(s):  
Benoît Dayrat ◽  
Tricia C. Goulding ◽  
Munawar Khalil ◽  
Joseph Comendador ◽  
Quảng Ngô Xuân ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Two New Species

As part of an ongoing effort to revise the taxonomy of air-breathing, marine, onchidiid slugs, a new genus, Laspionchis Dayrat & Goulding, gen. nov., is described from the mangroves of South-East Asia. It includes two new species, Laspionchis boucheti Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., and Laspionchis bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., both distributed from the Malacca Strait to the Philippines and Australia. This study is based on extensive field work in South-East Asia, comparative anatomy, and both mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S) DNA sequences. The two new species are found in the same habitat (mud surface in mangrove forests) and are externally cryptic but are distinct anatomically. Both species are also strongly supported by DNA sequences. Three cryptic, least-inclusive, reciprocally-monophyletic units within Laspionchis bourkei are regarded as subspecies: L. bourkei bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov., L. bourkei lateriensis Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov., and L. bourkei matangensis Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov. The present contribution shows again that species delineation is greatly enhanced by considering comparative anatomy and nuclear DNA sequences in addition to mitochondrial DNA sequences, and that thorough taxonomic revisions are the best and most efficient path to accurate biodiversity knowledge.

Description of Fenerbahce devosi (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae), a new species of dwarf killifish from the eastern Congo Basin in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2966 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAINER SONNENBERG ◽  
TONNIE WOELTJES ◽  
JOUKE R. VAN DER ZEE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Eastern Congo ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the currently monotypic genus Fenerbahce is described from the eastern Congo Basin. It is distinguished from F. formosus from the western Congo Basin by several characters, of which the most prominent are: a more anterior origin of dorsal fin relative to anal fin, a deeper body, long extension on edges of the caudal fin, and a distinct colour pattern. The distinctness of the two species is supported by additional morphological characters and the results of a preliminary analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences.

Phylogenetic relationships of three genera of Erpobdellidae (Hirudinoidea), with a description of a new genus, Motobdella, and species, Motobdella sedonensis

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2164-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredric R Govedich ◽  
Dean W Blinn ◽  
Paul Keim ◽  
Ronald W Davies
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Fingerprinting Methods

A new genus, Motobdella, is recognized for Erpobdella montezuma Davies, Singhal, and Blinn, 1985. In addition, a new species for this genus, Motobdella sedonensis, is described. Morphological characters that include the presence of crop caeca, number and size of the eyes, arrangement of the eyes, arrangement of ovisacs, position of the gonopore, structure and size of the sensilla, coloration, and position of the anus distinguish this new genus from Erpobdella and Nephelopsis. DNA fingerprinting methods were used to examine the phylogenetic relationships of these genera and corroborated the morphological data supporting the evolution of this genus with two distinct species.

scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy of the rock-dwelling gecko Cnemaspis siamensis complex (Squamata, Gekkonidae) reveals a new species from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 932 ◽  
pp. 129-159
Author(s):  
Natee Ampai ◽  
Perry L. Wood Jr ◽  
Bryan L. Stuart ◽  
Anchalee Aowphol
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
A New Species

The rock-dwelling gecko genus Cnemaspis is one of the most species-diverse genera of gekkonid in Thailand. Earlier studies relied on morphological data to identify species, but cryptic morphology often obscured species diversity in Cnemaspis. In this study, an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological characters and sequences of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene were used to clarify current taxonomy of the Cnemaspis siamensis complex and delimit a new species from Lan Saka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. Cnemaspis lineatubercularissp. nov. is distinguished from other congeneric species by the combination of morphological characters: (1) maximum snout-vent length (SVL) of 40.6 mm (mean 38.8 ± SD 1.4, N = 12) in adult males and maximum SVL of 41.8 mm (mean 39.5 ± SD 1.9, N = 7) in adult females; (2) 8–9 supralabial and infralabial scales; (3) gular, pectoral, abdominal, and subcaudal scales keeled; (4) rostral, interorbitals, supercilium, palmar scales, and ventral scales of brachia smooth; (5) 5–6 small, subconical spine-like tubercles present on flanks; (6) 19–21 paravertebral tubercles linearly arranged; (7) 27–29 subdigital lamellae under the fourth toe; (8) 4–7 pore-bearing precloacal scales, pores rounded arranged in chevron shape and separated only in males; (9) one postcloacal tubercles each side in males; (10) ventrolateral caudal tubercles present anteriorly; (11) caudal tubercles restricted to a single paravertebral row on each side; (12) single median row of subcaudal scales keeled and lacking enlarged median row; and (13) gular region, abdomen, limbs and subcaudal region yellowish only in males. Genetically, the uncorrected pairwise divergences between the new species and their congeners in the C. siamensis group were between 15.53–28.09%. The new species is currently known only from granitic rocky streams at Wang Mai Pak Waterfall in the Nakhon Si Thammarat mountain range. Its discovery suggests that additional unrecognized species of Cnemaspis may still occur in unexplored areas of southern Thailand.

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