Acanthurus tractus Poey, 1860, a valid western Atlantic species of surgeonfish (Teleostei, Acanthuridae), distinct from Acanthurus bahianus Castelnau, 1855

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2905 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOISÉS A. BERNAL ◽  
LUIZ A. ROCHA
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
The South ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Central Atlantic

The ocean surgeonfish, Acanthurus bahianus, has been historically recorded from Bermuda and Massachusetts to southern Brazil and the islands of the central Atlantic. We have found that individuals in the southwestern and central Atlantic consistently have a posterior bright yellow margin on the caudal fin and an orange/red margin on the dorsal fin. This coloration is different from the characteristic white/blue fin margins on individuals from the northwestern Atlantic. In addition, there is a clear genetic distinction (d= 2.4% mtDNA, CytB) between these two lineages. With the corroborating coloration and genetic differences, we suggest that these two lineages represent distinct species. The South Atlantic species retains the name of A. bahianus and we propose to resurrect A. tractus (Poey 1860) as the valid name for the northwestern Atlantic species.

Taxonomy of Nystiellidae (Caenogastropoda, Epitonioidea) from Brazil, with description of three new species from the South-western Atlantic

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1619-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Dias Pimenta ◽  
Bruno Garcia Andrade ◽  
Ricardo Silva Absalão
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern

A taxonomic revision of the Nystiellidae from Brazil, including samples from the Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic, was performed based on shell morphology. Five genera and 17 species were recognized. For the richest genus,Eccliseogyra, the three species previously recorded from Brazil were revised:E. brasiliensisandE. maracatu, previously known only from their respective type series, were re-examined. Newly available material ofE. maracatuexpanded the known geographic range of this species to off south-east Brazil.Eccliseogyra nitidais now recorded from north-eastern to south-eastern Brazil, as well as from the Rio Grande Rise. Three species ofEccliseogyraare newly recorded from the South Atlantic:E. monnioti, previously known from the north-eastern Atlantic, occurs off eastern Brazil and on the Rio Grande Rise; its protoconch is described for the first time, confirming its family allocation.Eccliseogyra pyrrhiasoccurs off eastern Brazil and on the Rio Grande Rise, andE. folinioff eastern Brazil. The genusIphitusis newly recorded from the South Atlantic.Iphitus robertsiwas found off northern Brazil, although the shells show some differences from the type material, with less-pronounced spiral keels. Additional new finds showed thatIphitus cancellatusranges from eastern Brazil to the Rio Grande Rise, and Iphitusnotiossp. nov. is restricted to the Rio Grande Rise.Narrimania, previously recorded from Brazil based on dubious records, is confirmed, including the only two living species described for the genus:N. azelotes, previously only known from the type locality in Florida, andN. concinna, previously known from the Mediterranean. A third species,Narrimania raquelaesp. nov. is described from eastern Brazil, diagnosed by its numerous and thinner cancellate sculpture. To the three species ofOpaliopsispreviously known from Brazil, a fourth species,O. arnaldoisp. nov., is added from eastern Brazil, and diagnosed by its very thin spiral sculpture, absence of a varix, and thinner microscopic parallel axial striae.Papuliscala nordestina, originally described from north-east Brazil, is recorded off eastern Brazil and synonymized withP. elongata, a species previously known only from the North Atlantic.

Distribution, history, and taxonomy of the Thais clade (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Neogene of tropical America

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Large Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Caribbean

The earliest known members of the Thais clade of rapanine muricid neogastropods comprise four species from the Cantaure Formation (early Miocene: Burdigalian) of Venezuela; three of these species are new. Neorapana rotundata Gibson-Smith et al., 1997, is most closely related to the Recent Pacific Mexican N. tuberculata (Sowerby, 1835), and represents the only known Atlantic occurrence of the genus. Thais brevicula new species is closest to T. callaoensis (Gray, 1828) from the Recent of northern Peru and the Galápagos. A review of the genus Thais indicates that the typical members of this group occur in the South Atlantic, West Africa, and eastern Pacific, but not in the Recent fauna of the southern Caribbean. Stramonita bifida new species is a large species related to the Recent S. haemastoma floridana (Conrad, 1837), which occurs throughout the Caribbean. A review of American species of Stramonita indicates that the taxon S. biserialis (de Blainville, 1832) from the Recent fauna of the eastern Pacific, and the taxon S. h. haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767), may each be composed of more than one species despite the teleplanic dispersal of their larvae. Stramonita semiplicata new species is closely related to the Recent S. bicarinata (de Blainville, 1832) from the South Atlantic, and represents a lineage that occurred in the Caribbean region until at least the late Miocene. It may have given rise to the eastern Pacific genus Acanthais. The higher diversity and greater antipredatory specialization of eastern Pacific as compared to western Atlantic members of the Thais clade may have resulted from higher post-Miocene rates of speciation and lower extinction rates in the eastern Pacific.

scholarly journals Activity, habitat utilization, feeding behaviour, and diet of the sand moray Gymnothorax ocellatus (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) in the south western Atlantic

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Borges Santos ◽  
Ricardo M. C. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Habitat Utilization ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Muddy Sand ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
Sand Bottom

Activity, habitat utilization, feeding behaviour, and diet of the sand moray Gymnothorax ocellatus (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) in the South western Atlantic. The sand moray Gymnothorax ocellatus is a nocturnal predator from the western South Atlantic that actively forages on the bottom, preying mostly on crustaceans (mainly shrimps and crabs) and ray-finned fishes, which are located primarily by the sense of smell. The individuals stay stationary during the day, almost always being hidden in individual tunnels dug by animals other than the morays in the muddy sand bottom.

scholarly journals Record of Electrona paucirastra Bolin, 1962 (Pisces: Myctophiformes: Myctophidae) in Brazilian waters, with comments on the occurrence of Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829) in the western South Atlantic

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Rodrigo A. Caires
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
First Time

Electrona risso, a warm circumtropical lanternfish species distributed in all oceans, has been reported in the western Atlantic from Suriname to Southern Brazil. Re-examination of specimens attributed to this species which presumably supported the southernmost record in the western South Atlantic and are available at Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, revealed that they were misidentified and are really Electrona paucirastra. As a result, E. paucirastra is reported for the first time in southern Brazil and the distribution of E. risso in the western Atlantic is discussed.

Biometric relationships of the Argentinean prawn Artemesia longinaris (Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the south-western Atlantic

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 1385-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F.C. Dumont ◽  
F. D'Incao
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Biometric relationships of size and weight were estimated for the Argentinean prawn (Artemesia longinaris), a new commercial penaeid prawn exploited in the south-western Atlantic. Morphometric and meristic traits were used to elucidate population structure of this species along its distribution area. The morphological relationships were estimated by a simple linear regression, considering total length (TL) as the dependent variable. The males collected in southern Brazil, an area under influence of the Subtropical Convergence, presented a slightly lower TL increment than females. A marked reduction in slopes of males between populations from southern Brazil was observed in autumn and winter. Additionally, relative growth in length of males from Argentina is similar to that observed during autumn and winter in southern Brazil. The other morphometric and meristic variables used also indicated higher similarities between southern Brazil and Argentina, which may be explained by relative growth associated to water temperatures or migration during winter, taking advantage of the oceanographic systems connecting both sites. Moreover, the population from Rio de Janeiro seems morphologically apart from the others, forming a separate unit stock.

scholarly journals Odontanthias randalli n. sp., a new anthiine fish (Serranidae: Anthiinae) from Indonesia WILLIAM T. WHITE (Australia)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3015 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM T. WHITE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Dorsal Spine ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
A New Species

Odontanthias randalli, a new species of anthiine serranid fish from southeastern Indonesia, is described, bringing the number of known species in the genus to 14. The new species is clearly distinguished from other members of the genus by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin soft rays 16–17, lateral-line scales 37 to 39, 3rd dorsal spine longest, 3rd dorsal-fin soft ray the only filamentous dorsal-fin ray, caudal fin lunate with extremely long filamentous lobes, depth of body 2.2 to 2. 5 in SL, vomerine-tooth patch arrowhead shaped, and body pinkish with bright yellow spots on upper half and four pale pink blotches below dorsal-fin base. The new species is compared with other members of the genus.

scholarly journals Identification guide to the shallow water (0–200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2599 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN T. DEVICTOR ◽  
STEVE L. MORTON
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic Bight ◽  
The South ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Identification Guide ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
History Of

Octocoral diversity is well documented in the tropical western Atlantic and Indo–Pacific, but it has been several decades since a thorough species account of the shallow South Atlantic Bight region was produced (northwestern Atlantic between Cape Hatteras, NC and Cape Canaveral, FL, USA). Through the use of material from the NMNH and SERTC Octocorallia (=Alcyonaria) collections, this work documents the presence of 28 species of octocorals recorded in the shallow (0–200 m) South Atlantic Bight and reports five new range extensions. Included are illustrated keys to the species, synonymies, species images and remarks, and SEM images of sclerites from described species without previously published sclerite imagery. A brief history of previous work and discussion of octocoral morphology are also included.

scholarly journals Crosniera wennerae, a new species of thalassinidean (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thomassiniidae) from the South Atlantic Bight

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1644 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
RICHARD W. HEARD ◽  
RACHAEL A. KING
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic Bight ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Abdominal Somite ◽  
Lateral Margins ◽  
A New Species

Crosniera wennerae sp. nov. is described from a depth of 318 m in the South Atlantic Bight off North Carolina, USA. The species, based on a female specimen 20 mm in length, is distinguished from the other four nominal species of the genus by a combination of characters, including smooth uropodal lateral margins, well-developed exopods on maxillipeds 2 and 3, the smooth inner margin of the merus of maxilliped 3, and the presence of long, simple setae on the uropods, telson, and posterior margin of sixth abdominal somite. Crosniera wennerae sp. nov. represents the second member of the genus described from the western Atlantic. A key is presented for the separation of the species of Crosniera.

scholarly journals Position of the South Atlantic Anticyclone and Its Impact on Surface Conditions across Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Gilliland ◽  
Barry D. Keim
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
The South ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Level Pressure ◽  
Northern Brazil

AbstractThis study examines the surface wind characteristics of Brazil on the basis of the location of the maximum high pressure center in the South Atlantic basin (SAB), known as the South Atlantic anticyclone (SAA), from three reanalysis datasets for the period of 1980–2014. Linear wind speed trends determined for Brazil are geographically related to surface and macroscale atmospheric conditions found in the SAB. The daily mean position of the SAA exhibited a latitudinal poleward shift for all seasons, and a longitudinal trend was dependent upon extratropical activity found in the SAB. Results also show that wind speed and sea level pressure for northern Brazil are dependent upon the latitudinal position of the SAA. Consequently, surface wind correlations for southern Brazil tend to be related to changes in the longitudinal position of the SAA, which result from transient anticyclones migrating over the SAB. An examination of positive and negative wind anomalies shows that shifts in the position of the SAA are coupled with changes in sea level pressure for northern Brazil and air temperature for southern Brazil. From these findings, a surface wind analysis was performed to demonstrate how the geographical location of the SAA affects wind speed anomalies across Brazil and the SAB. Results from this study can assist in understanding how atmospheric systems change within the SAB so that forthcoming socioeconomic and climate-related causes of wind for the country of Brazil can be known.

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