Phylogeography, genetic structure and wing pattern variation of Erebia pronoe (Esper, 1780) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Europe

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4441 (2) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
LENKA PAUČULOVÁ ◽  
MAROŠ DZURINKA ◽  
MARTINA ŠEMELÁKOVÁ ◽  
ALEXANDER CSANÁDY ◽  
ĽUBOMÍR PANIGAJ
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Limestone Alps ◽  
Spanish Populations ◽  
European Mountains ◽  
Narrow Area

The distribution of genetic diversity within Erebia pronoe (Esper, 1780) populations in relation to biogeographic ranges is essential for understanding the processes of evolution, speciation and phylogeography in this species. A certain degree of genetic variability was expected because of the species’ linkage solely to calcareous soils. These ideas were focused on the water ringlet E. pronoe, a European endemic montane butterfly distributed over a narrow area of mountains, with its occurrence dependent on nutrient plants. Therefore, the origin, occurrence, phylogeography and variability are described in defined mountain localities in Europe in the light of glaciation events that occurred during the Quaternary (Pleistocene) period. The species’ phylogeography is based on a combination of two mitochondrial genes (COI, CR) and morphology (wing morphometry). The study comprised samples from the Western Carpathians, Pyrenees, Alps, South-Eastern Carpathians (Romania) and Southern Limestone Alps (Slovenia). Moreover, the species’ remarkable phylogeographic structure was observed, including four morphologic lineages and divergent genetic lineages. These lineages cover the Carpathian Mountains as well as the Western European mountains (Spanish populations) with no apparent gene flow between most regions, even across distances of only hundreds of kilometres. 

Neotropical Blepolenis butterflies: wing pattern elements, phylogeny, and Pleistocene diversification (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2897 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLA M. PENZ ◽  
NEDA MOHAMMADI ◽  
NIKLAS WAHLBERG
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Phylogeny Reconstruction ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
Male Wing ◽  
Time Of Divergence

This study re-describes and provides a phylogeny for the Brassolini genus Blepolenis, which includes three species from the Brazilian Atlantic forest. A diagnosis and illustrations of habitus and genitalia are given for each species. We compare variation in wing color pattern among the genera Blepolenis, Opsiphanes, Orobrassolis and Mielkella, and discuss the repeated loss of male wing androconial organs within Blepolenis. DNA sequence (nuclear and mitochondrial genes) provided the strongest signal for phylogeny reconstruction, given that Blepolenis species are morphologically homogeneous. Estimated time of divergence between Blepolenis and Opsiphanes dates from the Mid Miocene (ca. 15 million years ago), and was followed by an apparent period of stasis. Extant Blepolenis species seem to have diverged in the Pleistocene (ca. 2.5 mya).

scholarly journals East Meets West in the Western Carpathians: Contact Zone Between Alpine and Carpathian Caddisfly Lineages Evidenced by COI Barcodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Bozáňová ◽  
Fedor Čiampor ◽  
Tomasz Mamos ◽  
Michal Grabowski ◽  
Zuzana Čiamporová-Zat'ovičová
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Freshwater Fauna ◽  
European Mountains ◽  
Current Species

Abstract European mountains are important areas regarding biodiversity of the continent, and they also harbour diverse freshwater fauna, which is critically endangered in terms of the current species extinction. However, sufficient knowledge of this valuable part of European biota is no longer possible without molecular data. This study focuses on the genetic diversity and distribution patterns of the classical representative of the mountain freshwater fauna, caddisfly Rhyacophila tristis, in the Western Carpathians. Based on the COI mitochondrial marker, two genetic lineages (separate BINs) were identified. BIN_W was found in 16 localities in the western part of the study area, BIN_E in 44 eastern localities. The data obtained indicate that BIN_W occurs in a significantly narrower altitude range, BIN_E is more closely related to the Balkan populations than to co-occurring BIN_W, and that the contact zone of the lineages passes through the Western Carpathians. The study revealed phylogeographic and demographic differences between lineages, supporting hypothesis of their evolutionary independence and specific ecological preferences. The obtained genetic data shifted our knowledge on the populations of the studied caddisfly and suggested patterns that could be common to other freshwater species. This could help us to protect unique freshwater ecosystems and preserve European biodiversity.

scholarly journals Molecular Data Reveal Multiple Lineages in Piranhas of the Genus Pygocentrus (Teleostei, Characiformes)

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadayca T.B. Mateussi ◽  
Bruno F. Melo ◽  
Fausto Foresti ◽  
Claudio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Araguaia River

Carnivorous piranhas are distributed in four serrasalmid genera including Pygocentrus, which inhabit major river basins of South America. While P. cariba and P. piraya are endemics of the Orinoco and São Francisco basins, respectively, P. nattereri is widely distributed across the Amazonas, Essequibo, lower Paraná, Paraguay, and coastal rivers of northeastern Brazil, with recent records of introductions in Asia. Few studies have focused on the genetic diversity and systematics of Pygocentrus and the putative presence of additional species within P. nattereri has never been the subject of a detailed molecular study. Here we aimed to delimit species of Pygocentrus, test the phylogeographic structure of P. nattereri, and access the origin of introduced specimens of P. nattereri in Asia. Phylogenetic analyses based on a mitochondrial dataset involving maximum-likelihood tree reconstruction, genetic distances, Bayesian analysis, three delimitation approaches, and haplotype analysis corroborate the morphological hypothesis of the occurrence of three species of Pygocentrus. However, we provide here strong evidence that P. nattereri contains at least five phylogeographically-structured lineages in the Amazonas, Guaporé (type locality), Itapecuru, Paraná/Paraguay, and Tocantins/Araguaia river basins. We finally found that the introduced specimens in Asia consistently descend from the lineage of P. nattereri from the main Rio Amazonas. These results contribute to future research aimed to detect morphological variation that may occur in those genetic lineages of Pygocentrus.

Phylogeographic evidence for evolutionary refugia in the Gulf sandstone ranges of northern Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Noble ◽  
Rebecca J. Laver ◽  
Dan F. Rosauer ◽  
Simon Ferrier ◽  
Craig Moritz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Long Term Retention

Locating and protecting climate change refugia is important to conserving biodiversity with accelerating climate change. Comparative phylogeographic analysis provides an effective tool for locating such refugia, as long-term retention of one or more populations within a refugial landscape will generate unique genetic lineages. The ranges of the western Gulf region of northern Australia are thought to represent a significant arid-zone refugium, in which case low-dispersal organisms should have strong phylogeographic structure across the region. To test for this, we conducted extensive sampling of three species of Gehyra geckos and analysed diversity for mitochondrial DNA and eight nuclear loci. These analyses revealed congruent and high phylogeographic diversity, especially, but not exclusively, in rock-restricted species. This finding, and other recent phylogeographic evidence, demonstrates that these topographically variable landforms have enabled persistence of ecologically diverse vertebrate species through the climate changes of the late Pleistocene. Identification of this relatively under-protected region as a significant climate change refugium points to the need to expand protected areas in this region and to invest in ecological management across existing National Parks and Indigenous Protected Areas.

Petrochemical characterization of the upper Miocene Rodna-Bârgău subvolcanic district (Eastern Carpathians)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Fabio Laiena ◽  
Lorenzo Fedele ◽  
Ioan Seghedi ◽  
Vincenzo Morra
Keyword(s):  
Upper Miocene ◽  
Eastern Carpathians

Chapter 11: General epidemiology of TBE

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Genetic Sequences ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) exists in natural foci, which are areas where TBEV is circulating among its vectors (ticks of different species and genera) and reservoir hosts (usually rodents and small mammals). Based on phylogenetic studies, four TBEV subtypes (Far-Eastern, Siberian, European, Baikalian) and two putative subtypes (Himalayan and “178-79” group) are known. Within each subtype, some genetic lineages are described. The European subtype (TBEV-EU) (formerly known also as the “Western subtype”) of TBEV is prevalent in Europe, but it was also isolated in Western and Eastern Siberia in Russia and South Korea. The Far-Eastern subtype (TBEV-FE) was preferably found in the territory of the far-eastern part of Eurasia, but some strains were isolated in other regions of Eurasia. The Siberian (TBEV-SIB) subtype is the most common and has been found in almost all TBEV habitat areas. The Baikalian subtype is prevalent around Lake Baikal and was isolated several times from ticks and rodents. In addition to the four TBEV subtypes, one single isolate of TBEV (178-79) and two genetic sequences (Himalayan) supposed to be new TBEV subtypes were described in Eastern Siberia and China. The data on TBEV seroprevalence in humans and animals can serve as an indication for the presence or absence of TBEV in studied area.

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