Notes on Indian wolf spiders: I. Genus Evippa Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Lycosidae, Evippinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4975 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN ◽  
JOHN T.D. CALEB ◽  
POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Zoological Survey ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
New Synonymy

Indian wolf spider species of the genus Evippa Simon, 1882 based on the type material available in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata are revised. One new synonymy is recognised: Evippa mandlaensis Gajbe, 2004 syn. nov. is synonymised with Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872). All the type material examined are imaged and supplementary descriptions for Evippa shivajii Tikader & Malhotra, 1980, Evippa sohani Tikader & Malhotra, 1980, and Evippa solanensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 are provided. 

Revision of Indian wolf spiders: I. Genus Arctosa C.L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae, Tricassinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4908 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-504
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN ◽  
JOHN T.D. CALEB ◽  
POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Digital Images ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Survey ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
As Species ◽  
Species Inquirenda

Indian species in the wolf spider genus Arctosa C.L. Koch, 1847 are revised based on the type material deposited in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, and Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. Arctosa tappaensis Gajbe, 2004 is proposed as a junior synonym of Arctosa himalayensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. Arctosa quinquedens Dhali, Roy, Sen, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2012 is provisionally transferred to Ovia Sankaran, Malamel & Sebastian, 2017 and Arctosa mulani (Dyal, 1935) is considered as species inquirenda. Digital images of all the examined type material are presented and supplementary descriptions for A. himalayensis, Arctosa indica Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 and Arctosa khudiensis (Sinha, 1951) are provided. 

A review of the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 from India (Araneae: Liocranidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4896 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-522
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN ◽  
JOHN T.D. CALEB ◽  
POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Zoological Survey ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Synonymy

Indian species in the genus Sphingius Thorell, 1890 are revised, mostly based on the type material available in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata. Sphingius barkudensis Gravely, 1931, S. nilgiriensis Gravely, 1931 and S. paltaensis Biswas & Biswas, 1992 are redescribed. Two new combinations and one new synonymy are recognised: S. longipes Gravely, 1931 is transferred to the cithaeronid genus Inthaeron Platnick, 1991 and S. kambakamensis Gravely, 1931 is transferred to the corinnid genus Cambalida Simon, 1909, while S. delakharae Pawaria, Bodkhe, Kamble, Uniyal & Talwar, 2018 syn. nov. is synonymised with S. barkudensis. Images of all the examined type material are provided. 

scholarly journals A review of the Indian species formerly assigned to the genus Storena Walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae: Zodariidae) with the description of a new genus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep M. Sankaran ◽  
John T.D. Caleb ◽  
Pothalil A. Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Zoological Survey ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Fourth Species

Indian spider species currently assigned to Storena Walckenaer, 1805 are revised mostly based on the type material available in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata. A new genus, Laminion gen. nov. is proposed to include four species; three are transferred from Storena: Laminion arakuensis (Patel & Reddy, 1989) gen. et comb. nov., Laminion birenifer (Gravely, 1921) gen. et comb. nov. and Laminion debasrae (Biswas & Biswas, 1992) gen. et comb. nov., whereas the fourth species is from Suffasia Jocqué, 1991: Laminion gujaratensis (Tikader & Patel, 1975) gen. et comb. nov. The species Storena tikaderi Patel & Reddy, 1989 syn. nov. is synonymised with L. birenifer gen. et comb. nov. Storena dibangensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006 and Storena indica Tikader & Patel, 1975 are transferred to Mallinella Strand, 1906. All the type material examined are imaged and redescribed. In addition, images of the type material of Storenomorpha joyaus (Tikader, 1970) are presented.

Importance of body size and hunting strategy during interactions between the Mexican red-rump tarantula (Brachypelma vagans) and the wolf spider Lycosa subfusca

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dor ◽  
Y. Hénaut
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Behavioural Adaptation ◽  
Brachypelma Vagans ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hunting Strategy

Behavioural adaptation helps animals to maximize their ability to obtain food and to avoid being eaten, increasing fitness. To achieve this, they must assess predation risk and evaluate foraging needs simultaneously. In two sympatric spider species, the wandering wolf spider Lycosa subfusca F.O.P. Cambridge, 1902 and the sit-and-wait Mexican red-rump tarantula (Brachypelma vagans Ausserer, 1875), we studied the relationship between predatory behaviour and antipredatory behaviour at different life stages. In the laboratory, encounters were organized between one wolf spider (small, medium-sized, or large) and one tarantula (spiderling, small, medium-sized, or large). Attack latencies and behaviours were recorded. The results showed that wolf spiders attacked and successfully captured younger tarantulas, while they avoided or retreated from older ones. Tarantulas preferentially attacked and captured older wolf spiders. On other hand, younger wolf spiders were more cautious than older ones, which waited until for the tarantulas to attack before retreating. Younger tarantulas were also more cautious than adults, which never retreated from attack and increased their success in attacks with age. Finally, we discuss the relationship between the predatory strategies of both spiders with their perception abilities and life history.

Revision of the Australian Union-Jack wolf spiders, genus Tasmanicosa (Araneae, Lycosidae, Lycosinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4213 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
VOLKER W. FRAMENAU ◽  
BARBARA C. BAEHR
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
Faunal Element ◽  
Future Revision ◽  
Semi Arid

The Australian wolf spider (Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833) genus Tasmanicosa Roewer, 1959 with Lycosa tasmanica Hogg, 1905 as type species is revised to include 14 species: T. godeffroyi (L. Koch, 1865), comb. nov. (= Lycosa tasmanica Hogg, 1905, syn. nov.; = Lycosa zualella Strand, 1907, syn. nov.; = Lycosa woodwardi Simon, 1909, syn. nov.); T. fulgor sp. nov.; T. gilberta (Hogg, 1905) comb. nov.; T. harmsi sp. nov.; T. hughjackmani sp. nov.; T. kochorum sp. nov.; T. leuckartii (Thorell, 1870), comb. nov. (= Lycosa molyneuxi Hogg, 1905, syn. nov.); T. musgravei (McKay, 1974) comb. nov.; T. phyllis (Hogg, 1905) comb. nov. (= Lycosa stirlingae Hogg, 1905, syn. nov.); T. ramosa (L. Koch, 1877), comb. nov.; T. salmo sp. nov.; T. semicincta (L. Koch, 1877) comb. nov.; T. stella sp. nov.; and T. subrufa (Karsch, 1878) comb. nov. Within the Australian wolf spider fauna, the genus Tasmanicosa can be diagnosed by the distinct pattern of radiating light and dark lines forming a “Union-Jack” pattern on the carapace. Male pedipalp morphology identifies the genus as part of the subfamily Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833 due to the presence of a transverse tegular apophysis with dorsal groove guiding the embolus during copulation. However, genital morphology is variable and a synapomorphy based on male pedipalp or female epigyne morphology could not be identified. Members of Tasmanicosa are comparatively large spiders (body length ca. 12–30 mm), that build a shallow burrow, which is sometimes covered with a flimsy trapdoor. Species of Tasmanicosa are largely a Bassian faunal element with preference for open woodlands and/or floodplains, although some species can be found into the semi-arid Australian interior. Two Australian wolf spider species may represent Tasmanicosa based on their original descriptions, but due to immature types in combination with the somatic similarities of all Tasmanicosa species, cannot be identified with certainty. They are therefore considered nomina dubia: Lycosa excusor L. Koch, 1867 and Lycosa infensa L. Koch, 1877. The type species of Orthocosa Roewer, 1960 is transferred to Tasmanicosa; however, in order to prevent some non-Australian wolf spiders in the genus Orthocosa to be transferred into Tasmanicosa, which is considered endemic to Australia, we here place these species into more appropriate genera based on their original descriptions pending a future revision of these species: Arctosa ambigua Denis, 1947 comb. reval.; Alopecosa orophila (Thorell, 1887) comb. nov.; Hygrolycosa tokinagai Saito, 1936 comb. reval. Orthocosa sternomaculata (Mello-Leitão, 1943) is considered a junior synonym of Hogna birabeni (Mello-Leitão, 1943) comb. nov. 

scholarly journals Draposa, a new wolf spider genus from South and Southeast Asia (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2637 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
TORBJÖRN KRONESTEDT
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
First Record ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Terminal Part ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
First Time

Draposa gen. nov. is proposed for eight wolf spider species from the Indomalayan Region, all of which were previously placed in the genus Pardosa: Draposa atropalpis (Gravely, 1924) comb. nov., D. lyrivulva (Bosenberg & Strand, 1906) comb. nov. (= Pardosa leucopalpis Gravely, 1924 syn. nov.), D. nicobarica (Thorell, 1891) comb. nov., D. oakleyi (Gravely, 1924) comb. nov., D. porpaensis (U. A. Gajbe, 2004) comb. nov., D. subhadrae (Patel & Reddy, 1993) comb. nov., D. tenasserimensis (Thorell, 1895) comb. nov., and D. zhanjiangensis (Yin, Wang, Peng & Xie, 1995) comb. nov. Species of Draposa share synapomorphies in the copulatory organs, inter alia a complex subpaleal sclerite in the terminal part of the male bulbus. The presence of D. lyrivulva in Japan is put in doubt and the species should be excluded from the list of spiders in that country. Draposa nicobarica (type species) and D. tenasserimensis are redescribed and illustrated for the first time from the type material. Draposa atropalpis is redescribed from material from India and Sri Lanka, D. lyrivulva and D. subhadrae (first record outside India) from material collected in Sri Lanka and D. oakleyi from material from India and Bangladesh.

Revision of the new Australian genus Artoriopsis in a new subfamily of  wolf spiders, Artoriinae (Araneae: Lycosidae)  

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1391 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
VOLKER W. FRAMENAU
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Median Septum ◽  
Centre Of Diversity ◽  
Southern Half ◽  
Distinct Colour ◽  
New Synonymy

new Australian wolf spider genus Artoriopsis is established with Artoriopsis expolita (L. Koch, 1877), comb. nov.  as type species. Six further species, A. anacardium sp. nov., A. eccentrica sp. nov., A. joergi sp. nov., A. klausi sp. nov.,  A. melissae sp. nov. and A. whitehouseae sp. nov. complete the Australian fauna. Artoriopsis gen. nov. shows affinities  with the Australasian genera Artoria Thorell, 1877 and Anoteropsis Koch, 1877, but differs by a distinct colour pattern of  the opisthosoma (a dark diamond-shaped spot is cut in half by the light lanceolate cardiac mark). The basoembolic apophysis  of the male pedipalp is narrowest at its base and comparatively weakly sclerotised, whereas it is widest at its base  and strongly sclerotised in Artoria and inverted L-shaped in Anoteropsis. The median septum of the female epigyne  forms a distinct plate that covers the atrium, although it is reduced in A. eccentrica sp. nov. and A. joergi sp. nov. Representatives  of the genus Artoriopsis gen. nov. have so far only been found in Australia, where they are most diverse in the  southern half of the country, although one species, A. anacardium sp. nov., is known from the tropical north.  A new wolf spider subfamily, Artoriinae (type genus Artoria Thorell, 1877), is established to accommodate the following  genera: Anoteropsis L. Koch, 1878, Artoria Thorell, 1877 (= Lycosula Roewer, 1960, syn. nov.), Artoriopsis gen.  nov., Diahogna Roewer, 1960, Lycosella Thorell 1890, Notocosa Vink, 2002, Syroloma Simon, 1900, Tetralycosa  Roewer, 1960, and two unnamed genera. The new synonymy of Lycosula with Artoria places the following species into Artoria: A. thorelli (Berland, 1929) comb. nov., A. hebridisiana (Berland, 1938), comb. nov. and A. minima (Berland,  1938) comb. nov. Artoriinae subfam. nov. are characterised by the presence of a basoembolic apophysis on the male  pedipalp, unique within the Lycosidae. Artoriinae subfam. nov. are restricted to the Oriental, Australasian and Pacific  regions with the centre of diversity in Australia and New Zealand.  

Life history of tundra-dwelling wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) from the Yukon Territory, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Bowden ◽  
C.M. Buddle
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
History Of

We studied populations of three tundra-dwelling wolf spider (Lycosidae) species to determine reproductive trait relationships and developmental timing in the Arctic. We collected 451 Pardosa lapponica (Thorell, 1872), 176 Pardosa sodalis Holm, 1970, and 117 Pardosa moesta Banks, 1892 during summer 2008. We used log-likelihood ratio tests and multiple linear regressions to determine the best predictors of fecundity and relative reproductive effort. Female body size best explained the variation in fecundity and body condition was the best predictor for relative reproductive effort. We tested for a trade-off between the allocation of resources to individual eggs and the number of eggs produced (fecundity) within each species using linear regression. There was variation in detectable egg size and number trade-offs among sites and these may be related to local variation in resource allocation linked to density-related biotic or abiotic factors. These findings contribute to knowledge about the fitness of arctic wolf spiders in the region of study and are particularly relevant in light of the effects that climate changes are predicted to have on the arctic fauna.

Reproductive isolation and sex-role reversal in two sympatric sand-dwelling wolf spiders of the genus Allocosa

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 648-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aisenberg ◽  
F. G. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Role Reversal ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Size Dimorphism

Allocosa brasiliensis (Petrunkevitch, 1910) is a nocturnal wolf spider inhabitant of coastal dunes. Pitfall-trap data suggested the occurrence of two sympatric and synchronic morphs, with differences in adult size and abdominal design (minor and major morphs). Previous studies performed with the major morph of A. brasiliensis, postulated courtship-role and sexual size dimorphism reversal for this spider. In the present study, we compare data on development and morphology and test reproductive isolation between morphs of A. brasiliensis, with the hypotheses that the two morphs are reproductively isolated and both show courtship-role reversal. As had been reported for the major morph of A. brasiliensis, the minor-morph females approached the burrows of minor-morph males, entered, initiated courtship, and after copulation, males closed their burrows with female cooperation from the inside. Females did not court or copulate with males belonging to the other morph and, in two cases, major-morph females cannibalised minor-morph males. Morphometrical and developmental data showed differences between morphs. The occurrence of copulation only between individuals of the same morph confirm reproductive isolation, supporting the occurrence of two species. Morphological and behavioural data are consistent with courtship-role-reversal hypotheses for the minor morph, constituting the second report in spiders of this atypical behaviour.

scholarly journals An unusual new wolf spider species from the Erg Chebbi Desert in Morocco (Araneae: Lycosidae: Evippinae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Bayer ◽  
Rainer Foelix ◽  
Mark Alderweireldt
Keyword(s):  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Spider Species
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