Chronic locked posterior gleno-humeral dislocation: technical note on fibular grafting for restoration of humeral head sphericity

Background Reconstruction of reverse Hill-Sachs defect using osteo-chondral allograft has the advantages of spherical re-contouring and provision of smooth biological articular surface of the reconstructed humeral head. However, worldwide availability and risk of disease transmission of osteo-chondral allograft remain points of increasing concerns. As an alternative to lacking osteo-chondral allograft, the current technical note describes a reconstructive technique of reverse Hill-Sachs defect using autologous fibular grafting. Methods Following open reduction of the dislocated humeral head, reverse Hill-Sachs defect was reconstructed using 3–4 autologous fibular pieces (each is of 10 mm in length) fixed in flush with the articular cartilage using 4-mm cancellous screws. Defect reconstruction was then followed by modified McLaughlin’s transfer and posterior capsulorrhaphy. Results Spherical contour of the humeral head and gleno-humeral range of motion were restored. Intra-operative dynamic testing of the reconstruct revealed no residual posterior gleno-humeral instability. Conclusion Currently reported technique might offer advantages of graft availability, technical simplicity, familiarity and reproducibility, safety (i.e. no disease transmission) and bone preservation facilitating future revision management (if needed). Nevertheless, long-term outcomes of this technique should be investigated via further cohort clinical studies.

206 Beyond NRC Requirements: The Role of Non-nutritives in Equine Health and Performance

Billions of dollars are spent annually on dietary supplements, with similarities between products consumed by humans and those offered to horses and other animals. Dietary supplements encompass a variety of substances, some non-nutritive and others recognized as essential nutrients, but all are fed with the intent of providing a health or performance benefit beyond that supported by the normal diet. Though many of these products are sold without sufficient evidence of efficacy, their increasing popularity has driven horse owner curiosity and researcher interest. Over the past two decades, funding for research on dietary supplements in horses has exceeded that spent addressing knowledge gaps in the nutrient requirements of horses. Many of these substances are difficult to study (e.g., herbs, botanical extracts), due to their complex composition, unidentifiable active compounds, or broad biological effects that are difficult to characterize. Others have shown promise for reducing inflammation and improving immunocompetence, including various fatty acids, probiotics, prebiotic fibers, and antioxidants. Among these are well-known nutrients that are either being fed above current requirements (e.g., vitamins, minerals), or are presumed to be essential but requirements have not been established for the horse (e.g., essential fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins). In most cases, the benefits are not realized in an already healthy horse but are instead demonstrable in animals under high stress conditions (e.g., intense exercise, transport) or states of immunocompromise (e.g., inflammatory disease, senior horses, foals). Should dietary supplements be included in discussions of nutrient requirements and a future revision of the horse NRC publication? When does a compound become a nutrient – or a drug? Could there be a situational requirement for a dietary supplement if it returns the animal to homeostasis when the regular diet does not? This presentation will provide fodder for a group discussion on future directions of equine nutrition.

Analysis on the Localization Characteristics of Phonetic Teaching in Chinese Textbooks in Hungary and Italy

In the context of the global Chinese language boom, Hungary and Italy are countries along the Belt and Road, and the Chinese language learning in the two countries is in the ascendant. However, the number of small language textbooks published on the market is scarce. For this reason, this article selects Hungarian Chinese Textbook and Italian Learn Chinese to analyze and compare the localization characteristics of phonetic teaching, hoping to provide concrete and substantive suggestions for future revision or compilation of targeted localized Chinese textbooks.

General Metal to Metal Static Seals Leak Tightness Overview - R&D Processes, FEA and Tests and Further Code Implementation

Latest development in oil and gas industry is focused on higher pressure and temperature. In addition, standard oil and gas components are more frequent adapted to the other applications like aerospace, food processing, renewable energy. For those conditions, tightness is even more critical than before. In the existing codes the requirements for different tightness classes can be find as well as detailed fugitive emission test descriptions. However, the complete design methodology for HPHT seal solution is still missing. There is no engineering procedure/methodology in the code which will link the design concept, R&D process to the prototype and real tests results. The method which will predict tightness for each size and each configuration/condition is not there. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the leakage phenomena and describe it by simplified and safe engineering method. Method, which will connect the design concept with real behavior and be in agreement (or conservative) with test results. By having such method, it will be possible to understand better the sealing mechanism in the existing solutions as well as designing new robust, simple, and cheap (optimized) solutions. There are some more or less accurate methods/rules which are already existing in the supplier companies. There is also more and more research about the continuum flow between two surfaces in contact. Based on those sources in this paper we will present the concept for metal to metal sealing solution designing methodology which can be implemented for future revision of the designing codes. The method which can be used simply and effectively and help to understand the current designs and further R&Ds. Presented here design concept, will be described based on example. The example will go through the process from design concept to the real component tightness test.

A Critical Study of Abba Ho Patēr in Romans 8:15 in the New Revised Asante Twi Version (2018)

Bible translation is among the difficult exercises in scholarship because it demands a careful analysis of the biblical text from the source language into the target language. The religio-cultural settings and worldview of the indigenous people are also considered so that they are able to access the word of God as written and meant by the author(s). An example of Bible translation exercise is the New Revised Asante Twi Version (NRATV) 2018, which contains some translation problems. Some texts are not translated but “carried wholly” into the new or target language to make them look as if they form part of the native language. One of such is “Abba,” which is a HebraicAramaic word found in Romans 8:15. Since Abba is not an Asante (and Akan) language, it becomes difficult for the Asante reading community (and by extension all Akan languages) and users of the Asante-Twi Bible to understand and express the concept within their religio-cultural worldview because they do not understand the thought of the author in their language. Using exegetical, mother-tongue hermeneutics and the communicative method of translation as approaches, the study has found out that the translation of …Αββα ὁ πατήρ (…Abba ho Patēr) as …Abba, Agya (…Abba, Father) in the Asante-Twi Bible (2018) should be rendered as “…Agya, M’agya” (Father, My Father). The study has thus added to the interpretations of Romans 8:15 in Asante-Twi. It is being recommended that in the future revision of the Asante-Twi Bible, the Bible Society of Ghana should consider using “…Agya, M’agya” (Father, My Father) in the translation of … Αββα ὁ πατήρ (…Abba ho Patēr).

The code-mixing of the Senegalese migrants in Italy

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This paper describes and analyses the speech from the Senegalese migrant community in the city of Pescara (Italy) from a contact-linguistics perspective. The focus is on the phenomena of code-mixing found when the Italian language, that of the host community, is added to the complex repertoire of Wolof/French multilingual speakers. Design/methodology/approach: The patterns of code-mixing and the composition of trilingual speech are presented and discussed following the Muysken grammatical model for classifying features of language-contact discourse. Data and analysis: Primary data have been collected recording spontaneous interactions among a group of first-generation migrants that have lived in Italy for about 10 years and are all speakers of a fluent learner-variety of Italian. Findings/conclusions: It will be shown that insertional and alternational code-mixing patterns are present in both the bilingual (French/Wolof) and the trilingual (Italian/French/Wolof) speech, but with different degrees of variation and distribution. Originality: Besides documenting the trilingual speech framed in a specific yet new migration contact setting, the author considers the role that the two languages of prestige, French and Italian, play within the structural composition of both types of code-mixing, especially with regards to their relationship with Wolof. Significance/implications: The results achieved contribute to the general theory of the grammatical model by reaffirming the properties of the patterns of insertion and alternation, but also by revealing other ambiguous forms of code-mixing that might suggest a future revision of the model.

Fracture risk during extraction of well-fixed extended cementless stems : porous versus hydroxyapatite coated

The concern of extensive fracturing and bone damage during implant removal has been reported for ingrowing stems, in particular in extended porous coated stems, potentially impeding successful re- implantation of a femoral revision implant and con- sequently debilitating patients for life. The aim of the present study is to describe this particular complication and comparing the occurrence in porous coated and hydroxyapatite (HA) coated femoral implants. 62 consecutive revision hip replacements were per- formed between January 2010 and December 2016 at a single academic institution. Only revisions of a primary total hip replacement were included. All surgeries were performed by the same senior surgeon. Clinical follow-up involved examination with the Harris hip score (HHS) at 2 years post surgical intervention. Fracture occurrence and severity were compared between groups by means of the Vancouver classification for intraoperative fractures. Overall, significant higher rates of fracturing were observed in the porous coated group (81.8%, p<0.05) compared to the HA coated group (43.5%, p<0.05). Of these fractures, the majority (72,7%) were B3 fractures. There was a significant difference between the mean HHS in the porous-coated group versus the group with HA coating (mean Harris Hip Scores of 68,45 vs 86,17, p = .004). Surgeons have to be wary with implanting porous coated stems in primary hip arthroplasty, especially in younger patients who have a high likelihood of future revision surgery, due to the catastrophic peri-operative fractures associated with the removal of these stems.

The NAfME Position Statement on Sacred Music in Schools: A Genealogical Inquiry

This article examines the NAfME Position Statement on Sacred Music in Schools, which has not been significantly updated since it was first published in 1984. Using genealogical inquiry, the author examines the conditions surrounding the construction of this document in relation to the conditions in the present. Relationships between the history of school prayer, the archive of Music Educators Journal, and relevant case law are investigated. Postsecularsim is described and explored as a possible theoretical framework for a future revision of the position statement.

Was Rhoda Insulted? Re-Reading the Translation of Acts 12:15 in the Asante-Twi Bible

Bible translation is among the most difficult exercises in scholarship, for it needs careful analysis of the biblical texts in the light of the culture of the indigenous people to make the word of God acceptable in their culture, while not deviating from the original meaning. The Asante-Twi Bible (2012) is a product of Bible translation exercise in contemporary scholarship. However, there exist in it some translation problems; some texts which are said by Christians have been translated to carry verbal insults and derogatory remarks in the Asante-Twi language, which are not what the Greek texts intended. An example is Acts 12:15, which suggests that Rhoda was insulted by a group of Christians for saying the truth. Using Mother-tongue Biblical Hermeneutics and exegesis, the study has found out that the translation of οἱ δὲ πρὸς αὐτὴν εἶπαν· Μαίνῃ… (hoi de pros auten eipan…) (“And they said: You are mad!”…) as “Na wɔka kyerɛɛ no sɛ: Woabɔ dam!...” (And they said to her: You are mad!...) in the Asante-Twi Bible should rather be: “Nanso wɔka kyerɛɛ no sɛ: Biribi ha wo!...” (But they said to her: You are troubled!...). The study has added to the interpretations of Acts 12:15 in Asante-Twi. It is being recommended that in the future revision of the Asante-Twi Bible, the Bible Society of Ghana should consider using “Na wɔka kyerɛɛ no sɛ: Biribi ha wo!...” in the translation of οἱ δὲ πρὸς αὐτὴν εἶπαν· Μαίνῃ… (hoi de pros auten eipan…). Keywords: Insult, Bible translation, Mother-tongue, Asante-Twi and Woabɔ dam.

Impact of Sino-US Trade Agreement on Chinese Legal System about Intellectual Property Rights

On January 15, 2020, the representatives of Sino-US trade signed Phase I Economic and Trade Agreement Between the Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of the United States of America in Washington, which symbolizes the temporary settlement of two-year Sino-US trade war in relatively peaceful method and lays a good foundation in mutual trust for subsequent Phase II negotiation. This Agreement includes eight chapters involving Sino-US economic and trade and is called the model of the international bilateral agreement by virtue of its wide field and rigorous details. The impact of clauses about intellectual property rights on China’s current legal system and the future revision direction of China’s relevant laws for conformance with the Agreement will be discussed emphatically so that the author can rapidly understand the impact and significance of Sino-US trade agreement to Chinese law.