Description of the second- and third-instar larvae of Hydrovatus crassulus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydrovatini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4999 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-478
Author(s):  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Short Hair ◽  
Ancestral Condition ◽  
Diving Beetle ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

The second- and third-instar larvae of the diving-beetle species Hydrovatus crassulus Sharp, 1882 are described and illustrated, including detailed morphometric and chaetotaxic analyses of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. Larvae of this species lack the parietal pore PAo, the premental seta LA3 and the urogomphal seta UR8, and have the sensillum MN2 shaped as a short hair-like seta and the ventral surface of the abdominal segments II–V sclerotized. All these characteristics are shared with the other species of Hydrovatus Motschulsky, 1853 known in detail (H. caraibus Sharp, 1882) and therefore are considered diagnostic for the genus. Hydrovatus crassulus also characterizes by the presence of a small galea, which reinforces the hypothesis that this structure is part of the ancestral condition of Hydrovatus. Larvae of H. crassulus differ from those of H. caraibus in having a smaller size, a smaller ratio U/LAS, and a larger ratio U1/U2, and also in the presence (in most cases) of a secondary seta on the anteroventral surface of femur.

Limbodessus skalei sp. nov., a new diving beetle species from the west Papuan Archipelago (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Bidessini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4763 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-592
Author(s):  
LARS HENDRICH ◽  
SURIANI SURBAKTI ◽  
MICHAEL BALKE
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
The West ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Diving Beetle

Here we describe Limbodessus skalei sp. nov. from the island of Waigeo, off the coast of West Papua. It can be easily distinguished from the nearby New Guinea mainland species as well as the other members of the genus by its small size and testaceous elytra with conspicuous darker broad basal and subapical patches. Altogether four Limbodessus species are now known from the New Guinea region. 

Larval morphology and analysis of primary chaetotaxy in the genus  Suphis Aubé, 1836 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4619 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN I. URCOLA ◽  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
CESAR J. BENETTI ◽  
GEORGINA RODRIGUEZ ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Ancestral Condition ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
First Time

The three larval instars of Suphis cimicoides Aubé, 1837 are described and illustrated, including morphometric and chaetotaxic analyses of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphus. A preliminary ground plan of primary chaetotaxy for noterid larvae is presented for the first time, based on the species described herein and examination of larvae of the genera Hydrocanthus Say, 1823 and Suphisellus Crotch, 1873. This ground plan is compared with previous systems proposed for other adephagan families. Larvae of Noteridae can be distinguished from those of other families of Hydradephaga by the following combination of characters: (1) antennomere 3 with a rugged area on distal portion; (2) abdominal segment VIII with a U-shaped wavy membranous area ventrally; (3) absence of pore FRd; and (4) presence of seta AB16. Several sensilla present in noterid larvae (notably setae TR2 and TA1 and pores PAl, PAm, COd, TRb and FEb) are absent in larvae of Meruidae. On the contrary, parietal seta PA5 is present in Meruidae but absent in Noteridae. The presence of pore COc in Noteridae may indicate that this family has retained the ancestral condition found only in Carabidae. On the other hand, the absence of setae FE7, FE8, FE9 and FE10 in Noteridae is similar to the condition found in Carabidae, Gyrinidae and Meruidae. 

Description of the larvae of three species of Laccophilus Leach and comments on the phylogenetic relationships of the Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1922 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Dense Group ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diving Beetle

The larvae of three Neotropical species of the diving beetle genus Laccophilus Leach (Laccophilus obliquatus Régimbart, L. paraguensis Régimbart and L. testudo Régimbart) are described and illustrated for the first time, with an emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. Larvae of these species lack the primary setae LA10 and LA12, and have the primary seta CO7 articulated proximally on all coxae, two apomorphies that define the subfamily Laccophilinae. They are also characterized by a frontoclypeus truncate proximally in the first instar, the presence of pectens on legs, and the presence of secondary setae on first urogomphomere. These character states are apomorphies that define the genus Laccophilus Leach. The absence of pore PAc and the presence of a dense group of secondary spiniform setae dorsally at the base of the siphon in instar III may also characterize this genus, as similar states are not found in other dytiscids. On the other hand, L. obliquatus, L. paraguensis and L. testudo differ from the other species of Laccophilus known in detail in the presence of an additional seta on the stipes and in the absence of pore ABc. Brief comments on the putative phylogenetic relationships of Laccophilinae and Laccophilus inferred from larval morphology, as well as on the characters potentially useful in studying relationships within the group are presented.

Deronectes kabilcevz sp. n. and D. propedoriae sp. n. from south-eastern Anatolia (Turkey) (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4691 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-600
Author(s):  
MEDENÝ AYKUT ◽  
ÝBRAHÝM HALÝL YILDIRIM ◽  
SADREDDÝN TUSUN ◽  
HANS FERY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Female Holotype ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Diving Beetle

Two new diving beetle species of the subtribe Deronectina are described from south-eastern Anatolia. Deronectes kabilcevz sp. n. belongs to the D. longipes-subgroup of the D. parvicollis-group. It is externally similar to the other members of this subgroup, but can be separated by the different shape of the median lobe of aedeagus. Deronectes propedoriae sp. n. belongs to the D. doriae-group. Analysis of molecular studies suggests that the new species and D. doriae Sharp, 1882 are closely related but undoubtedly different with an uncorrected p distance of 7% in the cytochrome oxydase gene. Also external characters allow an easy separation although only the female holotype of the new species is known—the pronotum and the last abdominal ventrite of each have very different shapes. The habitus, the genitalia and other features of the species are illustrated. The keys to species of the respective groups of genus Deronectes are updated. Including the results of this study, 61 species of Deronectes are now known. 

scholarly journals Geographical matching of volatile signals and pollinator olfactory responses in a cycad brood-site mutualism

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1816) ◽  
pp. 20152053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence N. Suinyuy ◽  
John S. Donaldson ◽  
Steven D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Local Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Olfactory Preference ◽  
Olfactory Responses ◽  
Volatile Emissions ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Almost All

Brood-site mutualisms represent extreme levels of reciprocal specialization between plants and insect pollinators, raising questions about whether these mutualisms are mediated by volatile signals and whether these signals and insect responses to them covary geographically in a manner expected from coevolution. Cycads are an ancient plant lineage in which almost all extant species are pollinated through brood-site mutualisms with insects. We investigated whether volatile emissions and insect olfactory responses are matched across the distribution range of the African cycad Encephalartos villosus . This cycad species is pollinated by the same beetle species across its distribution, but cone volatile emissions are dominated by alkenes in northern populations, and by monoterpenes and a pyrazine compound in southern populations. In reciprocal choice experiments, insects chose the scent of cones from the local region over that of cones from the other region. Antennae of beetles from northern populations responded mainly to alkenes, while those of beetles from southern populations responded mainly to pyrazine. In bioassay experiments, beetles were most strongly attracted to alkenes in northern populations and to the pyrazine compound in southern populations. Geographical matching of cone volatiles and pollinator olfactory preference is consistent with coevolution in this specialized mutualism.

scholarly journals Note: Recording of Some Beetles in Honey Bee Colonies

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Abou-Shaara ◽  
M.E. Ahmad ◽  
J. Háva
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Small Hive Beetles ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Honey bees are very valuable to human. These social insects contribute in the pollination of many crops. Also, the products from honey bee colonies have many nutritional and medicinal benefits. Thus, keeping honey bees are very valuable and can be considered as source of income to many families. There are many diseases and pests that attack honey bee colonies. The pests attack bee colonies include: hornets, wax moths, bee-eater birds, and beetles. Such challenges can impact the survival and productivity of honey bee colonies. In this study, some beetle species belong to Fam. Nitidulidae, Dermestidae and Mycetophagidae were detected in honey bee colonies in Egypt, during spring. Despite the presence of many beetle species in the agricultural environment, only few species preferred the invasion of the colonies for feeding. These beetles do not attack stages of honey bees. They only feed on stored pollen or bee bread, especially those fallen on the bottom of the beehives. This is an alarm to follow the feeding behavior and distribution of these beetles. These beetles’ species can be considered as potential pests to weak honey bee colonies, housed in old or damaged beehives. The presence of large numbers of these beetles in weak colonies may disturb the activities of the bees and may passively impact the survival of the colonies. Listing these beetles is very important to better understanding the interaction between honey bees and beetles. On the other side, small hive beetles were not detected in the colonies. These beetles are currently one of the major problems facing honey bees in different parts of the world. This study confirms the absence of small hive beetles from Egypt.

scholarly journals Cryphalus eriobotryae sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), a New Insect Pest of Loquat Eriobotrya japonica in China

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizhu Zheng ◽  
Andrew J. Johnson ◽  
You Li ◽  
Chunrong Chu ◽  
Jiri Hulcr
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Ornamental Trees

A previously unknown bark beetle species, Cryphalus eriobotryae sp. nov. Johnson, 2019 has emerged as a lethal pest of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) in China. The description of new species has been provided. The new species is distinguished from the other Cryphalus by the weakly aciculate frons, by the antennae, with unevenly spaced procurved sutures, by the short pronotal disc, with hair-like setae, and by the widely spaced mesocoxae. The survey of plantation records from around Suzhou suggests that this beetle was introduced from another area not long before 2017. In the surveyed loquat plantation in 2018, 20–90% of trees showed signs of infestation, and 5% were killed in 2018, resulting in the death of over 1000 trees. Outbreaks of the apparently loquat-specific Cryphalus eriobotryae can be diagnosed by hundreds of cankers on the trunk, and wilted foliage. This pest is of concern as a loquat plantation pest and as a pest of fruit production and ornamental trees within Suzhou, and globally.

scholarly journals Protein expression parallels thermal tolerance and ecologic changes in the diversification of a diving beetle species complex

Heredity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hidalgo-Galiana ◽  
M Monge ◽  
D G Biron ◽  
F Canals ◽  
I Ribera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Diving Beetle

Morphological and functional aspects of two different types of hair cells in the goldfish sacculus

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1330-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Sugihara ◽  
T. Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Body ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resting Potential ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Short Hair ◽  
Current Clamp ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Inwardly Rectifying ◽  
A Current

1. With the use of whole-cell mode of the patch-clamp method, we examined the electrical responses of hair cells enzymatically isolated from the goldfish sacculus. 2. Hair cells from the rostral saccule had a short cell body and were ovoidal or eggplantlike in shape, whereas hair cells from the caudal saccule had a variable shape. Many had a longer cell body and were cylindrical or gourd-like in shape, but some short hair cells were also present in the caudal saccule. 3. The short hair cells had a resting potential of about -75 mV. In current-clamp experiments, these hair cells elicited damped oscillatory-potential changes of a relatively small amplitude in response to a depolarizing current. A current in the opposite direction produced a slow hyperpolarization, much larger in amplitude. 4. Resonant frequency of the short, or the oscillatory, type of hair cells ranged from 40 to 200 Hz or higher. However, resonance was generally of a poor quality as compared with that noted for hair cells in the turtle cochlea or frog sacculus. 5. The long hair cells had a resting potential of -90 to -100 mV. In current-clamp experiments, these hair cells elicited an all-or-none spike approximately 50 mV in amplitude in response to a depolarizing current. The spike was usually followed by a plateau, which was maintained for the duration of the depolarizing pulse. In some hair cells, damped slow oscillatory waves were evoked at a rate of 5-15 Hz. On the other hand, a hyperpolarizing current produced potential changes much smaller in amplitude. 6. Voltage-clamp experiments showed that Ca2+-activated K+ channel and A-current, especially its high-threshold subclass, were involved in the generation of outward rectification in the oscillatory-type hair cells. On the other hand, Na+, in addition to Ca2+, was involved in the generation of spike in the spike-type hair cells. Spike potentials were elicited even in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), but the rate of rise was slower as compared with the intact spikes. 7. The spike-type hair cells had an inwardly rectifying K+ channel similar to that noted in the tunicate egg and chick vestibular hair cell. However, the oscillatory-type hair cells had an inwardly rectifying channel similar to the hyperpolarization-activated current, Ih, of the rod inner segment, or sinoatrial nodal cell, or lacked the inwardly rectifying channel. Differences in the resting membrane potential between the oscillatory- and spike-type hair cells are probably related to differences in the inwardly rectifying channels. 8. Effects of sound stimulation were simulated by injecting a half-wave rectified sinusoidal current of various frequencies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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