The larvae of Chinese Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera), Part III: Hydromanicus melli Complex, H. canaliculatus, and H. umbonatus

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5026 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-540
Author(s):  
AO ZHANG ◽  
XIN ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Association ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Associated Species

A total of 45 adult and larval specimens of 6 Chinese Hydromanicus species are included in this molecular association analysis. Of these, the larvae of Hydromanicus melli Complex, H. canaliculatus, and H. umbonatus were associated with their adults using independent DNA sequences (the nuclear 28S-D2 fragment and the mitochondrial COI barcode gene) and were compared to metamorphotypes where available. Phylograms based on both genes revealed deep intraspecific divergences in several species, suggesting that cryptic diversity is likely common within the genus. Illustrated larval descriptions are provided for the three associated species. However, the larvae of species in the H. melli Complex cannot be morphologically differentiated from each other.  

Linking DNA sequences to morphology: cryptic diversity and population genetic structure in the marine nematodeThoracostoma trachygaster(Nematoda, Leptosomatidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Derycke ◽  
Paul De Ley ◽  
Irma Tandingan De Ley ◽  
Oleksandr Holovachov ◽  
Annelien Rigaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Cryptic Diversity

Global relationships of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) revealed using Bayesian analysis of mitochondrial COI DNA sequences

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 1306-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Boykin ◽  
Robert G. Shatters Jr. ◽  
Rosemarie C. Rosell ◽  
Cindy L. McKenzie ◽  
Ruth Ann Bagnall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi

An updated look at the uneven distribution of cryptic diversity among parasitic helminths

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pérez-Ponce de León ◽  
R. Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Parasitic Helminths

AbstractCryptic parasite diversity is a major issue for taxonomy and systematics, and for attempts to control diseases of humans, domestic animals and wildlife. Here, we re-examine an earlier report that, after correcting for sampling effort, more cryptic species of trematodes are found per published study than for other helminth taxa. We performed a meta-analysis of 110 studies that used DNA sequences to search for cryptic species in parasitic helminth taxa. After correcting for study effort and accounting for the biogeographical region of origins, we found that more cryptic species tend to be uncovered among trematodes, and fewer among cestodes and animal-parasitic nematodes, than in other helminth groups. However, this pattern was only apparent when we included only studies using nuclear markers in the analysis; it was not seen in a separate analysis based only on mitochondrial markers. We propose that the greater occurrence of cryptic diversity among trematodes may be due to some of their unique features, such as their mode of reproduction or frequent lack of hard morphological structures, or to the way in which trematode species are described. Whatever the reason, the high frequency of cryptic species among trematodes has huge implications for estimates of parasite diversity and for future taxonomic research.

scholarly journals Molecular phylogeny of Kazimierzus Plisko, 2006 (Clitellata, Kazimierzidae) from the Western and Northern Cape Province inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Thembeka Clara Nxele ◽  
Jadwiga Danuta Plisko ◽  
Tarombera Mwabvu ◽  
Oliver Tendayi Zishiri
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Marker ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Tree Building ◽  
Close Relatedness

Species identification of earthworms using morphology can be challenging and inconclusive as homoplasy in many characters is high. The use of molecular DNA technology, such as the use of conserved regions in mtDNA and nuclear DNA has unravelled the phylogenetic background of several earthworm species. The current study utilised the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial marker to reconstruct the phylogeny of Kazimierzus Plisko, 2006 species from the Western and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. Phylogenetic reconstructions were implemented using Bayesian Inference, as well as Maximum Likelihood. Both tree building methods adhered to the monophyly of the majority of the taxa. Results showed that species fell into two clades and validated eleven currently known Kazimierzus species (K. circulatus (Plisko, 1998), K. franciscus (Pickford, 1975), K. guntheri (Pickford, 1975), K. hamerae (Plisko, 1998), K. kleinoodi Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. nietvoorbiji Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. nieuwoudtvillensis Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. occidualis (Plisko, 1998), K. pearsonianus (Pickford, 1975), K. phumlani Nxele & Plisko, 2017, K. sophieae (Plisko, 2002)). Cryptic diversity is evident in K. occidualis with genetic divergence greater than 12% amongst populations. Kazimierzus franciscus and K. ljungstroemi (Pickford, 1975) have a low genetic variability suggesting close relatedness or probably conspecificity. A group of specimens from Clanwilliam are morphologically identical to K. sophieae, but are genetically distinct and may belong to undescribed species. This study demonstrates the importance of integrative taxonomy in earthworms in order to present reliable taxonomic and biogeographic data.

scholarly journals Three new species of leaflitter frogs from the upper Amazon forests: cryptic diversity within Pristimantis "ockendeni" (Anura: Strabomantidae) in Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1784 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN R. ELMER ◽  
DAVID C. CANNATELLA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Multiple Species

We describe three new species of Pristimantis leaflitter frogs from the upper Amazon basin of Ecuador: Pristimantis achuar, Pristimantis altamnis, and Pristimantis kichwarum. Each of these new species was previously considered to be part of a single species, formerly known as Eleutherodactylus ockendeni (Boulenger) morph B. However, analysis of DNA sequences together with examination of the morphology of more than 600 specimens from Ecuador reveals that multiple species were confused under the same name. The morphological differences among the three new species are subtle but consistent: presence or absence of a black canthal stripe and/or supratympanic ridge, snout-vent length, and ventral colouration. The three species are generally allopatric and geographically restricted, although at some localities two of the species occur sympatrically.Describimos tres especies nuevas de ranas del sotobosque de la cuenca Amazónica Ecuatoriana: Pristimantis achuar, Pristimantis altamnis y Pristimantis kichwarum. Estas especies fueron consideradas antes como una sola especie bajo el nombre Eleutherodactylus ockendeni (Boulenger) morfo B. Sin embargo, el análisis de secuencias de ADN y la examinación de la morfología de más que 600 especímenes Ecuatorianos indican que en realidad existen tres especies. Sus diferencias morfológicas son sutiles pero constantes: presencia o ausencia de una raya cantal negra y/o de un pliegue supratimpánico y su coloración ventral. Las tres especies tienen distribuciones alopátricas y distintas aunque en algunas localidades se puede encontrar dos de las tres especies juntas.

The larvae of Chinese Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera), Part I: Arctopsyche shimianensis, Parapsyche sp. A, and Diplectrona obscura

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2174 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
First Time

DNA sequence libraries (mitochondrial COI barcode and nuclear 28S D2) are built for Chinese caddisflies, a fauna largely under-studied. These independent DNA sequences are used to associate larvae and adults of Chinese Hydropsychidae. As the first part of the result of this work, Arctopsyche shimianensis Gui and Yang, 2000 and Parapsyche sp. A are associated with their adults across both gene markers. Probable association is also made for Diplectrona obscura Ulmer, 1930. Larval descriptions and illustrations are provided for all three species for the first time.

Systematics and DNA barcoding of free-living marine nematodes with emphasis on tropical desmodorids using nuclear SSU rDNA and mitochondrial COI sequences

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 979-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maickel Armenteros ◽  
Ariadna Rojas-Corzo ◽  
Alexei Ruiz-Abierno ◽  
Sofie Derycke ◽  
Thierry Backeljau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Marine Nematodes ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coi Sequences

The diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the Desmodoridae, a widespread tropical family of free-living marine nematodes, is hitherto poorly known both from molecular and taxonomic points of view. We performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis of marine nematodes to: i) disentangle relationships among tropical desmodorid species; and ii) compare the performance of the nuclear SSU rDNA and mitochondrial COI nucleotide sequences in 42 and 45 nominal species, respectively, to identify species. We generated 27 new sequences of SSU rDNA belonging to five genera not previously sequenced, and 34 new sequences of COI belonging to six genera and four families not previously sequenced. The SSU rDNA tree confirmed the Enoplida to be a monophyletic sister group to the Chromadorida. The family Comesomatidae is a sister group of the Xyalidae within the Monhysterida. Both DNA markers confirmed the congruence between the morphology- and molecular-based phylogenetic inferences for most of the families. Desmodoridae was a monophyletic group, but the relationships within the family could not be recovered; the subfamilies Desmodorinae and Spiriniinae were not monophyletic meanwhile the monophyly of Stilbonematinae was not fully supported due to a few specimens of questionable identity. COI performed better than SSU rDNA to disentangle relationships among closely related species and suggested the presence of cryptic diversity within Desmodoridae. COI is effective to explore cryptic diversity and barcode species within Nematoda, with a possible threshold of genetic distance of 5% between conspecific and interspecific sequences, but DNA barcoding is limited by the poor knowledge of the diversity and taxonomy of the group and the lack of a good reference database of vouchered COI sequences.

scholarly journals The larvae of Chinese Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera), Part II: Potamyia chinensis and Cheumatopsyche trifascia

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4926 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-558
Author(s):  
AO ZHANG ◽  
XIN ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Associated Species

The larvae of Chinese caddisflies Potamyia chinensis and Cheumatopsyche trifascia were successfully associated with identifiable adults using independent DNA markers, mitochondrial COI barcodes and nuclear ribosomal 28S D2 genes. A total of 49 specimens collected in China were employed in the molecular analyses. The two markers were congruent on species boundaries for 11 distinctive haplogroups, while D2 failed in differentiating two closely related species. A brief summary for larval studies of both genera is given, followed by an introduction to the generic morphological characteristics, and detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations for the two successfully associated species. The larva of P. chinensis is re-described here based on Chinese materials, following the previous larval description for P. echigoensis, which was recently synonymized with P. chinensis.

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