scholarly journals Application of Longitudinal Measured CD4+ Count on HIV-Positive Patients Following Active Antiretroviral Therapy: A Case of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Shewayiref Geremew
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Debre Berhan

scholarly journals 1371. Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection in the Bahamas: A Retrospective Review of Cases Diagnosed Between 2014 and 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S496-S497
Author(s):  
Javardo McIntosh ◽  
Kevin Moss ◽  
Nikkiah Forbes ◽  
M Anthony C Frankson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Hiv Coinfection

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest diseases known to man, yet the world health organization reports that TB is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. HIV infection is the most potent biologic risk factor for developing tuberculosis. The HIV epidemic has been responsible for increasing the burden of TB worldwide and The Bahamas has been no exception. The aim of this study was to determine the HIV testing rate as well as prevalence of TB-HIV coinfection for The Bahamas and compare cases of TB based on HIV status for clinical presentation, radiologic findings, TST results and Smear and Culture results. We also evaluated cases of TB-HIV for degree of immunosuppression and compliance to antiretroviral therapy. Methods A retrospective chart review of cases of Tuberculosis diagnosed at the Princess Margaret Hospital, Nassau, Bahamas. 189 cases of active tuberculosis diagnosed between 2014 and 2016 and all cases were evaluated for demographics, risk factors, HIV status, clinical manifestation, radiologic findings, and smear and culture results. Results Of the 189 cases of notified tuberculosis between 2014 and 2016, 109 (59.9%) were HIV negative and 73 (40.1%) were HIV positive. For patients who were HIV positive, 54(74%) were previously diagnosed with HIV and 19(26%) were newly diagnosed. Of the patients who were previously diagnosed with HIV, 14(25.9%) were on antiretroviral (ARV) medications and compliant, 34(63.0%) were on ARVs and noncompliant and 6(11.1%) were not on ARVs. 4(8.2%) patient had a CD4 count ≥500, 8(16.3%) patients had a CD4 count between 499–200 and 37(75.5%) had a CD4 counts 1000. Conclusion HIV is a major risk factor for Tuberculosis in the Bahamas and it is advised that all patients diagnosed with TB be tested for HIV. Routine screening of HIV patients for TB is recommended. Noncompliance with antiretroviral therapy remains a public health issue as it increases susceptibility to TB infection. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Life expectancy of HIV-positive adults: a review

Sexual Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret T. May ◽  
Suzanne M. Ingle
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults

We review studies estimating life expectancy (LE), the average number of additional years a person can expect to live, for HIV-positive adults and show variation by sociodemographic factors and level of immunosuppression. The LE of patients starting antiretroviral therapy early in the course of HIV infection and attaining restoration of a normal CD4 count may approach that of the general population. Improvements in treatment and the associated increase in LE imply that increasing numbers of HIV-positive patients will live to older age. Late diagnosis and presentation to care and treatment not concordant with guidelines contribute to reducing LE.

scholarly journals Aripiprazole Improves Depressive Symptoms and Immunological Response to Antiretroviral Therapy in an HIV-Infected Subject with Resistant Depression

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Cecchelli ◽  
Giacomo Grassi ◽  
Stefano Pallanti
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Psychotropic Agents ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
The Impact

Aripiprazole is the first medication approved by the FDA as an add-on treatment for MDD. The impact of aripiprazole on the response to HIV is unknown. The patient we report on was diagnosed HIV-positive in 1997 and has been treated with antiretroviral therapy since then. In 2008, we diagnosed resistant major depression, hypochondria, and panic disorder. On that occasion, blood tests showed a significantly reduced CD4 count and a positive viral load. We treated this patient with aripiprazole and citalopram. Mood, somatic symptoms, and occupational functioning progressively improved. The last blood examination showed an increase in the CD4 count and a negative viral load. On the basis of the present case study and the review of the literature concerning the effects of psychotropic agents on viral replication, we suggest that the use of aripiprazole in HIV-infected subjects warrants further research.

scholarly journals When to start ART in adults? The results of HPTN 052 move us closer to a test-and-treat policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Geffen
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Test And Treat ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization

When is the best time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adults? This is a vital question in HIV treatment and prevention services. More specifically, is the 350 cells/µl CD4 count threshold recommended by current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines sufficient, or should we move to a ‘test-and-treat’ approach in which anyone who tests HIV-positive is offered ART, irrespective of their CD4 count? The recently announced results of the HPTN 052 trial take us closer, but not all the way, to a test-and-treat approach.

scholarly journals Psychosocial and Personal Level Circumstances Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Non-adherence among HIV Positive Antiretroviral Therapy User Clients in Debre Birhan Referral Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Dinaol Urgessa Gita ◽  
Sintayehu Abebe Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Debre Birhan

The purpose of the study was to examine psychosocial and personal level circumstances associated with ART non-adherence among HIV positive ART user clients in Debre Birhan referral hospital. This study used cross-sectional descriptive design. A total of 122 participants were selected through simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Adherence Attitude Inventory Scale and self-reported adherence questionnaire were administered. The result of chi square analysis revealed that social support, personal self-efficacy, age, marital status, religion, educational level and occupation had significant association with non-adherence at 95% CI,  6.371 (2, N =117) = 0.006, p< 0.05), 11.873 (2,N =117) = 0.012, p< 0.05),   (x2) 5.630 (6,N =117) = 0.003, p< 0.05), 0.017 (6, N =117) =0.014, p< 0.05) and 14.497(6,=N=117) = 0.025, p< 0.05. No significant sex difference was observed in attitude towards ART adherence. Besides, the result of multiple regression also showed that only single, unemployment and vocational education were accounted for non- adherence to ART (β = .228, t (113) = 2.655, P< 0.05), (β = .297, t (114) = 3.451, p< 0.05) and (  β = .231, t (113) = 2.652, p< 0.05) respectively. Conclusively, Personal level factors; marital status (singlehood), unemployment and vocational education accounted for variance in adherence to ART. Thus, Counselors, social workers and health care providers should give adherence counseling and psycho education.

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